RELIAS - FETAL HEART MONITORING EXAM 2025
Complete Questions and Guide Answers
100% Verified Graded A+
1. uterine blood supply
Answer: - uterine arteries deliver oxygenated blood to spiral arteries which bring oxygen rich blood to
intervillous space of placenta that has fetal capillaries
- fetal capillaries carry the O2 rich blood to umbilical VEIN that goes to fetus
-in contrast, the umbilical ARTERIES return waste products to that intervillous space that go into mother's venous system
2. Potential issues that negatively affect fetal oxygenation
Answer: *Maternal Oxygenation* asthma, hyper- or hypo- ventilation
*Maternal Circulation* decreased maternal cardiac output, hypotension, decreased Hgb
*Placental O2 and CO2 Exchange* postterm, abruption, HTN, hypotension, uterine tachysystole
,*Fetal circulation* cord compression or occlusion
3. Fetal hypoxemia
Answer: - can occur d/t reduced fetal O2 reserves, excessive uterine activity, or reduced uteropla- cental blood
flow
- worsening fetal hypoxemia can lead to abnormal FHR patterns, mostly minimal or absent variability from acidemia
4. (1) hypoxemia vs. (2) hypoxia
Answer: 1 - reduce O2 in blood
2 - reduced O2 delivery at tissue level
5. Fetal anaerobic metabolism
Answer: - occurs when long term O2 delivery is insuflcient to meet cellular needs of tissues
- results in production of lactic acid and other noncarbonic acids
- ACIDOSIS is the presence of excessive acids in tissues
6. acidosis
Answer: pH below 7.35
, pH is low
(acidosis is the process that leads to low blood pH, or acidemia)
7. alkalosis
Answer: pH above 7.45
pH is high
8. buffers
Answer: - help maintain acid base homeostasis
- 2 major fetal butters are plasma bicarbonate and hgb
9. base excess and base deficit
Answer: - base deficit is expressed as a positive number
- base excess is expressed as a negative number
~ they are equivalent and terms are used interchangeably ~
10. fetal acidosis
Answer: - when O2 is decreased to fetus, tissue hypoxia results in acidosis, which then shows a drop in pH, a
Complete Questions and Guide Answers
100% Verified Graded A+
1. uterine blood supply
Answer: - uterine arteries deliver oxygenated blood to spiral arteries which bring oxygen rich blood to
intervillous space of placenta that has fetal capillaries
- fetal capillaries carry the O2 rich blood to umbilical VEIN that goes to fetus
-in contrast, the umbilical ARTERIES return waste products to that intervillous space that go into mother's venous system
2. Potential issues that negatively affect fetal oxygenation
Answer: *Maternal Oxygenation* asthma, hyper- or hypo- ventilation
*Maternal Circulation* decreased maternal cardiac output, hypotension, decreased Hgb
*Placental O2 and CO2 Exchange* postterm, abruption, HTN, hypotension, uterine tachysystole
,*Fetal circulation* cord compression or occlusion
3. Fetal hypoxemia
Answer: - can occur d/t reduced fetal O2 reserves, excessive uterine activity, or reduced uteropla- cental blood
flow
- worsening fetal hypoxemia can lead to abnormal FHR patterns, mostly minimal or absent variability from acidemia
4. (1) hypoxemia vs. (2) hypoxia
Answer: 1 - reduce O2 in blood
2 - reduced O2 delivery at tissue level
5. Fetal anaerobic metabolism
Answer: - occurs when long term O2 delivery is insuflcient to meet cellular needs of tissues
- results in production of lactic acid and other noncarbonic acids
- ACIDOSIS is the presence of excessive acids in tissues
6. acidosis
Answer: pH below 7.35
, pH is low
(acidosis is the process that leads to low blood pH, or acidemia)
7. alkalosis
Answer: pH above 7.45
pH is high
8. buffers
Answer: - help maintain acid base homeostasis
- 2 major fetal butters are plasma bicarbonate and hgb
9. base excess and base deficit
Answer: - base deficit is expressed as a positive number
- base excess is expressed as a negative number
~ they are equivalent and terms are used interchangeably ~
10. fetal acidosis
Answer: - when O2 is decreased to fetus, tissue hypoxia results in acidosis, which then shows a drop in pH, a
