MN 551 PATHO UNIT 8 QUIZ REAL QUIZ
UPDATED COMPREHENSIVE SCRIPT 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ A female patient is requiring supplementary oxygen by facemask due
to her reduced lung compliance. Which of the following
pathophysiologic processes is most likely to be a contributor to her low
lung compliance? Answer: Her thoracic cage is less flexible than when
she was healthy.
⩥ A nurse practitioner is performing patient teaching about the influenza
virus with each patient who has come to the clinic to receive that year's
vaccine. Which of the following statements by patients best reflects an
accurate understanding of the flu virus? Answer: "I could come down
with viral or bacterial pneumonia as a result of a bad flu bug."
⩥ A 71-year-old woman is dependent on oxygen therapy and
bronchodilators due to her diagnosis of emphysema. Which of the
following processes would her care team be most justified in ruling out?
Answer: In lung pathology such as emphysema, large amounts of air are
trapped at the end of a given breath, a situation that corresponds to
increased residual volume and decreased vital capacity. Elastic recoil
would tend to suffer, and both alveolar and anatomical dead space
consequently increase.
,⩥ Which of the following patients are NOT displaying known risk
factors for the development of pulmonary emboli? Answer: A patient
who is immobilized following orthopedic surgery
Postsurgical immobility, smoking, and the use of oral contraceptives are
all identified risk factors for the development of pulmonary emboli.
Impaired Cl- and Na+ regulation are associated with cystic fibrosis,
while amiodarone and radiation therapy are linked to interstitial lung
diseases.
⩥ A 66-year-old male presents to the emergency department
accompanied by his wife who claims that he has been acting confused.
The man is complaining of a sudden onset of severe weakness and
malaise and has a dry cough and diarrhea. His temperature is 102.8°F
and his blood work indicates his sodium level is 126 mEq/L (normal is
135 to 145 mEq/L). What will be the assessing nurse practitioner's most
likely suspicion? Answer: Legionnaire disease
Confusion, dry cough, diarrhea, and hyponatremia are associated with
Legionnaire disease and less so with bronchopneumonia, Mycoplasma
pneumonia, or pneumococcal pneumonia.
⩥ Following a winter power outage, a patient who had been using a
home gasoline generator began to experience dizziness and headaches
and was diagnosed with carbon monoxide poisoning. What is the goal of
hyperbaric oxygen treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning? Answer:
To increase the amount of oxygen dissolved in plasma
,⩥ Which of the following clinical findings would be most closely
associated with a patient who has interstitial lung disease rather than
COPD? Answer: Increased respiratory rate with decreased tidal volume
⩥ A 3-year-old boy has developed croup following a winter cold. His
nurse practitioner would recognize that which of the following causative
microorganisms and treatments are most likely? Answer: Parainfluenza
virus; treatment with a mist tent and oxygen therapy
⩥ A 62-year-old female smoker is distraught at her recent diagnosis of
small cell lung cancer (SCLC). How can her nurse practitioner most
appropriately respond to her? Answer: "This is very difficult to hear, I'm
sure, and we have to observe to see if it spreads because that often
happens."
⩥ A nurse practitioner is doing the admission assessment on a patient
who has been transferred to the floor after being diagnosed by the
emergency room physician with bilateral pleural effusion. Which of the
following findings from the nurse practitioner's initial assessment of the
patient is incongruent with the patient's diagnosis, and would require
further investigation? Answer: The patient complains of sharp pain
exacerbated by deep inspiration.
⩥ A short, nonsmoking middle-aged man presents to the emergency
department with left-sided chest pain and a cough. He says that the pain
started abruptly, just after lunch, and that breathing and coughing make
, it worse. He denies recent injury. He is breathing shallowly and rapidly
and expresses fear that he may be having a heart attack. Breath sounds
are normal, and he is not cyanotic. Which condition is most likely
causing his symptoms? Answer: Pleuritis related to infection
⩥ Which of the following situations would be most deserving of a
pediatrician's attention? Answer: A midwife notes that a newborn infant's
chest is retracting on inspiration and that the child is grunting.
⩥ A 21-year-old male patient has suffered a head injury during a crash
on his motorcycle, and a deficit that assessments have revealed is an
impaired swallowing mechanism. He has also developed aspiration
pneumonia. Which of the following statements most accurately capture
an aspect of his condition? Answer: His vocal folds have been
compromised.
⩥ A 44-year-old woman developed calf pain during a transatlantic flight
followed by acute shortness of breath upon arrival at her destination. She
was subsequently diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism (PE), which
resolved with anticoagulant therapy. Which of these statements best
characterizes the underlying problem of her PE? Answer: She was short
of breath because ventilation was occurring but perfusion was
inadequate.
⩥ As a consequence of long-standing lung disease, a patient is in a
chronic state of hypoxia. Which of the following phenomena would the
patient's nurse practitioner be most justified in anticipating? Select all
UPDATED COMPREHENSIVE SCRIPT 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ A female patient is requiring supplementary oxygen by facemask due
to her reduced lung compliance. Which of the following
pathophysiologic processes is most likely to be a contributor to her low
lung compliance? Answer: Her thoracic cage is less flexible than when
she was healthy.
⩥ A nurse practitioner is performing patient teaching about the influenza
virus with each patient who has come to the clinic to receive that year's
vaccine. Which of the following statements by patients best reflects an
accurate understanding of the flu virus? Answer: "I could come down
with viral or bacterial pneumonia as a result of a bad flu bug."
⩥ A 71-year-old woman is dependent on oxygen therapy and
bronchodilators due to her diagnosis of emphysema. Which of the
following processes would her care team be most justified in ruling out?
Answer: In lung pathology such as emphysema, large amounts of air are
trapped at the end of a given breath, a situation that corresponds to
increased residual volume and decreased vital capacity. Elastic recoil
would tend to suffer, and both alveolar and anatomical dead space
consequently increase.
,⩥ Which of the following patients are NOT displaying known risk
factors for the development of pulmonary emboli? Answer: A patient
who is immobilized following orthopedic surgery
Postsurgical immobility, smoking, and the use of oral contraceptives are
all identified risk factors for the development of pulmonary emboli.
Impaired Cl- and Na+ regulation are associated with cystic fibrosis,
while amiodarone and radiation therapy are linked to interstitial lung
diseases.
⩥ A 66-year-old male presents to the emergency department
accompanied by his wife who claims that he has been acting confused.
The man is complaining of a sudden onset of severe weakness and
malaise and has a dry cough and diarrhea. His temperature is 102.8°F
and his blood work indicates his sodium level is 126 mEq/L (normal is
135 to 145 mEq/L). What will be the assessing nurse practitioner's most
likely suspicion? Answer: Legionnaire disease
Confusion, dry cough, diarrhea, and hyponatremia are associated with
Legionnaire disease and less so with bronchopneumonia, Mycoplasma
pneumonia, or pneumococcal pneumonia.
⩥ Following a winter power outage, a patient who had been using a
home gasoline generator began to experience dizziness and headaches
and was diagnosed with carbon monoxide poisoning. What is the goal of
hyperbaric oxygen treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning? Answer:
To increase the amount of oxygen dissolved in plasma
,⩥ Which of the following clinical findings would be most closely
associated with a patient who has interstitial lung disease rather than
COPD? Answer: Increased respiratory rate with decreased tidal volume
⩥ A 3-year-old boy has developed croup following a winter cold. His
nurse practitioner would recognize that which of the following causative
microorganisms and treatments are most likely? Answer: Parainfluenza
virus; treatment with a mist tent and oxygen therapy
⩥ A 62-year-old female smoker is distraught at her recent diagnosis of
small cell lung cancer (SCLC). How can her nurse practitioner most
appropriately respond to her? Answer: "This is very difficult to hear, I'm
sure, and we have to observe to see if it spreads because that often
happens."
⩥ A nurse practitioner is doing the admission assessment on a patient
who has been transferred to the floor after being diagnosed by the
emergency room physician with bilateral pleural effusion. Which of the
following findings from the nurse practitioner's initial assessment of the
patient is incongruent with the patient's diagnosis, and would require
further investigation? Answer: The patient complains of sharp pain
exacerbated by deep inspiration.
⩥ A short, nonsmoking middle-aged man presents to the emergency
department with left-sided chest pain and a cough. He says that the pain
started abruptly, just after lunch, and that breathing and coughing make
, it worse. He denies recent injury. He is breathing shallowly and rapidly
and expresses fear that he may be having a heart attack. Breath sounds
are normal, and he is not cyanotic. Which condition is most likely
causing his symptoms? Answer: Pleuritis related to infection
⩥ Which of the following situations would be most deserving of a
pediatrician's attention? Answer: A midwife notes that a newborn infant's
chest is retracting on inspiration and that the child is grunting.
⩥ A 21-year-old male patient has suffered a head injury during a crash
on his motorcycle, and a deficit that assessments have revealed is an
impaired swallowing mechanism. He has also developed aspiration
pneumonia. Which of the following statements most accurately capture
an aspect of his condition? Answer: His vocal folds have been
compromised.
⩥ A 44-year-old woman developed calf pain during a transatlantic flight
followed by acute shortness of breath upon arrival at her destination. She
was subsequently diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism (PE), which
resolved with anticoagulant therapy. Which of these statements best
characterizes the underlying problem of her PE? Answer: She was short
of breath because ventilation was occurring but perfusion was
inadequate.
⩥ As a consequence of long-standing lung disease, a patient is in a
chronic state of hypoxia. Which of the following phenomena would the
patient's nurse practitioner be most justified in anticipating? Select all
