Update 2026-2027 | Graded A+
Topic -ANSWER the general subject of the the text
Main idea -ANSWER the key message or thesis of the text
Key points -ANSWER key points and their supporting details develop the main idea
Summary -ANSWER a brief restatement of the main idea and the most important key
points and details
Inference -ANSWER a conclusion reached by critical thinking, reading between the lines,
applying logic to facts and evidence while recognizing context clues
Inference (explicit) -ANSWER clearly stated
Inference (implied) -ANSWER implied; not directly stated
Conclusion -ANSWER a deduction made about an unstated outcome based on
prediction, details, evidence, and results
Descriptive -ANSWER includes sensory details to create a clear mental picture for the
reader
Expository -ANSWER informs, explains, or tells how to do something; uses only facts and
examples
Narrative -ANSWER tells a story to entertain, inform, or challenge
Persuasive -ANSWER includes facts and strong opinions to make the reader feel, think,
or behave a certain way
Bias -ANSWER tendency toward a preconceived idea
Connotative meaning -ANSWER the implied meaning of a word, with assumptions or an
emotional charge attached to it
Denotative meaning -ANSWER the standard dictionary definition of a word
Rhetorical device -ANSWER stylistic language used to have an emotional or persuasive
effect on the reader
Tone -ANSWER the writer's attitude or emotions concerning the topic
,Argument -ANSWER a point the author believes
Compare and Contrast -ANSWER to compare means to look for similarities; to contrast
means to look for differences
Prediction -ANSWER a reader's guess of what could happen, based on details found in
the text
Primary source -ANSWER a firsthand, unaltered document by the original author or
creator; includes novels, letters, original research papers, datasets, paintings
photographs
Secondary source -ANSWER a document that analyzes, discusses, or reproduces a
primary source; includes textbooks and many other nonfiction books, review articles,
biographies
Tertiary source -ANSWER a reference work that consolidates information from primary
and secondary sources; includes encyclopedias, handbooks, study guides
PEMDAS -ANSWER parentheses, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, and
subtraction
Least common denominator -ANSWER the smallest number into which two or more
denominators will divide evenly
Decimals -ANSWER represent parts of a whole
Ratio -ANSWER a comparison between the quantity of one item and the quantity of
another item
Mean -ANSWER the average of a set of numbers
Median -ANSWER the middle number
Mode -ANSWER the number that appears most often in a set of numbers
Range -ANSWER measures the spread of a given set of numbers
Area -ANSWER the amount of space within the boundary of the shape
Perimeter -ANSWER the distance around the shape
Volume -ANSWER the amount of space the object occupies or can hold, as measured in
cubic units
, Pythagorean theorem -ANSWER applies to right triangles; a^2 + b^2 = c^2
Acute angles -ANSWER angles <90 degrees
Hypotenuse -ANSWER the side opposite the right angle
Straight angle -ANSWER 180 degree angle
Celsius to Fahrenheit -ANSWER (C x 1.8) + 32
Fahrenheit to Celsius -ANSWER (F - 32) / 1.8
Independent variable -ANSWER can be manipulated
Dependent variable -ANSWER the variable that is a possible effect
Balance -ANSWER instrument used to measure an object's mass
Correlation -ANSWER the relationship between variables
Positive correlation -ANSWER both variables move in the same direction
Negative correlation -ANSWER one variable increases while the other decreases
Distribution of data -ANSWER symmetry, unimodal, bimodal, bell curve, skewed, uniform
Meniscus -ANSWER the curve at the surface of a liquid in a tube
Outlier -ANSWER a value that does not fit the pattern in the data
Simple probability -ANSWER equals the number of specific desired outcomes divided by
the total number of possible outcomes
Standard deviation -ANSWER expresses how much a set of values is spread out from the
mean
Coefficients -ANSWER numbers that can be multiplied by one or more variables
Constants -ANSWER specific numbers that are not multiplied by any variables
Expressions -ANSWER are group of terms
Operators -ANSWER are symbols used to show an operation (such as + and -)
Terms -ANSWER can be constants, the product of a coefficient and a variable, or the
product of two or more variables