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1. Differentiate the signs of pregnancy
a. Presumptive Skin and mucus membrane changes
- Correct Answer: i. Chadwick sign dark discoloration of vulva vaginal walls
ii. Abdominal stria
iii. Linea nigra midline of lower abdomen
iv. Chloasma pigmentation under eyes (hormonal contraceptives)
b. Probable physical changes
i. Uterine enlargement Piskacek Sign
ii. Hagar Sign softer cervix
iii. Pregnancy test
c. Positive
i. Fetal heartbeat endo ultrasound (6 weeks)
ii. Fetal movements (7-8 weeks)
2. Identify the benign conditions of the vulva. - Correct Answer: a. White
lesions
,i. Vitiligo
1. Loss of pigment / observation
ii. Lichen sclerosis
1. Intense itching and dyspareunia/topical steroids, carcinoma
iii. Lichen planus
1. Auto immune Wickham striae, classic fernlike or lacy patterns./ topical steroids
iv. Lichen simples chronicus
1. Mimics psoriasa biosy needed/ immediate potency topical steroids
v. Vulvovaginal atrophy
1. Postmenamaual decreased fat / estrogen creams/ moisturizers/ lubricants
3. Red Lesions - Correct Answer: i. Eczema
1. Allergic contact mc, itching swelling and crusting /discontinue use of allergen
ii. Seborrheic dermatitis
1. Red glazed shiney appreace on skin folds, greasy scalp areas/topical steroids
iii. Psoriasis
,1. Auto immune, red plaques with clear borders, biopsy, itscing is common,
pustular form confused with candidia/ topical steroids
4. Pigmented lesions - Correct Answer: i. Genital melanosis
1. Dark pigment on muscus menbranes/ expectant management
ii. Acanthosis nigricans
1. Pigmented areas on vulva, axilla and neck r/t insulin resistance/ weight loss and
glucose control.
5. Ulcerations a fissures - Correct Answer: i. Aphthous ulcers
1. Painful like canker sores 2cm wide to 1cm deep / symptomatic
ii. Bechet disease
1. Genital and oral ulcers with uveitis in combo with antivirals or IBS/depends
iii. Chrons disease
1. Granulomatous intestinal tract inflammatory process/ treat bowels disease
iv. Traumatic ulcerations
1. Scratching itching neglect /counseling suspect psych disorder
6. Solid cysts or masses - Correct Answer: i. Epidermal cysts
, 1. MC, obstructed hair follicle/ body hair care/ deflation
ii. Vulvar vestibular papillomatosis
1. Soft elongated papules/ reassurance
iii. Genital warts
1. Human papilloma virus
iv. Fox-fordyce disease
1. Chronic inflammation of apocrine glands/systemic antipruritic
v. Hidradenitis suppurativa
1. Red papules painful recurrent seen in obesity/ corticosteroids, abt for celluutis,
oral contraceptive reduces reoccurrence
vi. Vascular lesion
1. tortuous varicosities; cherry angiomas and hematomas/Evaluation,
compression; possible evacuation of expanding hematoma
vii. Urethral caruncle
1. Solitary red papule at the urethral meatus; usually <1 cm diameter; appears as a
collar around urethral opening/ Observation and biopsy as needed; estrogen
creams; surgery rarely indicated