NUR 0302-388_Pharmacology Power-point Questions & COREECT ANSWERS | Alraedy Graded A

Pharmacology Power-point Questions Chapter 1: Orientation to Pharmacology 1. A nurse is caring for a patient who has an infection. The healthcare provider has ordered an antimicrobial drug for the patient. The nurse understands that which of the following is the most important characteristic of this drug? A. That the drug will kill the microorganism B. That the drug will be administered orally C. That the drug does not have any harmful effects D. That the drug does not interact with other drugs 2. A patient who was prescribed an oral medication to be taken four times per day returns to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The patient tells the nurse that he forgets to take two or three doses of the medication each day. What is the most appropriate action that the nurse can take? A. Arranging for the patient to have a home healthcare nurse B. Re-educating the patient about the medication and how it should be taken C. Determining whether the patient is experiencing any adverse effects D. Telling the patient to set an alarm as a reminder to take the drug Chapter 2: Application of Pharmacology 1. While preparing to administer medications to a patient, the nurse finds that he does not understand the rationale for the patient receiving one of the prescribed drugs. What should he do? A. Ask another nurse why the patient is getting this medication. B. Ask the patient why this medication has been ordered. C. Research the medication, focusing on its therapeutic uses. D. Verify with the prescribing healthcare provider the reason for the medication. 2. When the nurse reviews a medication order, it is not clear what route should be used for administration. Which action by the nurse is best? A. Use a current drug reference resource to determine the administration route. B. Administer the drug via the oral route. C. Contact the pharmacist for clarification. D. Call the prescriber to verify the route. 3. The nurse administered 2 mg of morphine intravenously to a postoperative patient. In addition to following the Rights of Drug Administration, what responsibility does the nurse have as a patient advocate? A. To administer the drug as often as possible B. To minimize adverse effects by reducing the next dose of morphine C. To know the possible reactions to morphine D. To inform visitors that the patient has received morphine Pharmacodynamics 1. When teaching a patient, who has a gastric ulcer about cimetidine (a histamine H2 antagonist) therapy, the nurse should include which information about antagonists? A. An antagonist causes a chemical reaction in the stomach. B. An antagonist activates receptors in the stomach lining. C. An antagonist prevents receptor activation in the stomach. D. An antagonist improves receptor sensitivity in the stomach. 2. Which statement about drug agonists does the nurse identify as being true? A. An agonist makes physiologic processes go faster. B. An agonist exerts effects by causing receptor activation. C. An agonist has moderate intrinsic activity. D. An agonist is a dynamic component. Pharmacokinetics 1. A nurse is preparing to administer epinephrine to a patient who is having a severe allergic reaction. Which route of administration should the nurse use to provide the fastest and most complete absorption of epinephrine? A. Intravenous B. Intramuscular C. Subcutaneous D. Oral 2. When preparing to administer a sustained-release capsule to a patient, the nurse understands that which of the following is true for sustained-release capsules? A. They have a longer half-life and are usually taken qd. B. They are rapidly absorbed. C. They need to be crushed for appropriate absorption to take place. D. They need to be taken at regular intervals throughout the day. Legal Aspects of Pharmacology 1. A nurse is administering a drug that is categorized as Schedule IV. The nurse understands that this means the drug: A. Has acceptable medical applications with low potential for abuse. B. Is a controlled substance with no accepted medical use. C. Is dangerous to administer to pregnant or breast-feeding patients. D. Has the potential for serious and life-threatening adverse effects. 2. The nurse is preparing a list of medications to give to a patient who is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse should use which drug name for each medication? A. Chemical name B. Generic name C. Trade name D. Classification name Drug Effects / Therapeutic Effects / Adverse Effects 1. The nurse is preparing to begin giving phenobarbital, which is known to induce CYP isoenzymes, to a client on oral contraceptives. What client teaching will the nurse expect to provide for this client? A. “Continue taking your medications as prescribed.” B. “Condoms are not necessary while taking phenobarbital. It is not an antibiotic.” C. “Plan to use another form of birth control while taking phenobarbital.” D. “Your dose of birth control pills will be reduced while you are taking phenobarbital.” 2. The nurse has administered the antibiotic: cephalexin (Keflex). One hour after administration, the client reports a tingling sensation of the lips. The nurse notes that the client’s lips are “puffy”. The nursing action with the highest priority is to: A. Notify the prescriber STAT. B. Withhold all food and water C. Hold the next dose of medication D. Document the finding and continue to assess the client Variation Drug Response / Drug Therapy in Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, Pediatrics, Geriatrics 1. A nursing student is caring for a client who has been taking morphine sulfate for pain for 2 weeks. The nursing student shows an understanding of pharmacodynamics tolerance by describing it to the instructor in what way? A. “It is a form of tolerance that is a reduction in drug responsiveness brought on by repeated dosing over a short period.” (tachyphylaxis) B. “It affects the minimum effective concentration.” C. “It is a drug response caused by psychologic factors, not by biochemical or physiological properties.” (placebo) D. “It is a condition in which the patient requires increased doses of morphine sulfate to achieve pain relief.” Herbals / Supplements 1. Which example of product information, if it appeared on the label of an herbal supplement, would comply with the regulations established by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)? A. Lowers cholesterol B. Relieves menopausal hot flashes C. Supports the immune system D. Reduces pain of arthritis Immunizations 1. A 3-year-old child is scheduled to receive pneumococcal vaccine (PCV). Which condition should the nurse recognize as a contraindication to the vaccine in this child? A. Autism B. Premature birth C. Temperature of 103°F D. The child’s mother is pregnant Vitamins 1. The nurse is caring for a client on warfarin (Coumadin) who has an international normalized ratio (INR) that is elevated to an unsafe level. A nurse administers vitamin K, expecting which therapeutic result? A. Increase in red blood cell (RBC) indices B. Decrease in pulse pressure C. Decrease in bleeding tendency D. Increase in mental alertness Analgesics / Anti-Pyretic / Anti-Inflammatory 1. A patient who Overdosed on oxycodone (OxyContin) is brought into the ED unresponsive with respiratory depression. The patient receives IV naloxone (Narcan), a narcotic antagonist, which yields increase in responsiveness and increase in RR. The nurse is going to lunch in 15 minutes. What is the Nursing priority that guides information that must be communicated to the nurse covering the patient? A. Prevention of abstinence syndrome B. The short half-life of naloxone C. The history of substance abuse D. The short half-life of oxycodone Migraines 1. The nurse is caring for a female client receiving sumatriptan (Imitrex). What must the nurse be aware of while treating this client? (Select all that apply) A. Coronary vasospasm is a common problem with this drug. B. Many clients experience symptoms of chest pressure or heavy arms. C. Sumatriptan should be taken daily. D. Sumatriptan is contraindicated during pregnancy. E. Patient discontinued MAOI last week. 2. Which assessment finding would be of greatest priority to report to the provider for the nurse preparing to administer ergotamine to a patient who is experiencing the start of a migraine? A. B/P 90/58 B. ALT 30 IU/L C. Pt c/o flashes of light in visual fields D. Capillary refill 10 seconds Rheumatoid Arthritis 1. The nurse is teaching a client with rheumatoid arthritis who is scheduled to start a treatment regimen that includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and glucocorticoids. Which statement by the nurse is correct? A. “It will take at least 3 to 5 months for the DMARD to produce effects.” B. “In large doses, the NSAIDs will stop most of the disease process.” C. “Remission is achieved quickly, and usually the medications can be stopped.” D. “The glucocorticoid will need to be taken for at least 2 years.” Respiratory Drugs 1. Which instruction should be included by the nurse in the teaching for a client for whom fluticasone propionate (Flovent) MDI has been ordered? A. “Gargle after using your inhaler.” B. “Take the medication immediately at the onset of an attack.” C. “Take your Flovent first, followed by albuterol 5 minutes later.” D. “Make sure you monitor your finger stick blood glucose level each morning.” 2. A patient with asthma is prescribed albuterol [Proventil], two puffs 3 times per day. The nurse should teach the patient to do what? A. Rinse the mouth after taking the prescribed dose. B. Take 3 puffs if breathing is compromised. C. Wait 1 minute between puffs from the inhaler. D. Take adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D. 3. Which of the following is NOT a serious adverse effect of long-term oral glucocorticoid therapy? A. Adrenal suppression B. Osteoporosis C. Hypoglycemia D. Peptic ulcer disease Anti-Viral Drugs 1. A client is receiving weekly subcutaneous injections of peg-interferon-alfa-2a (Pegasys) for chronic hepatitis C. A nurse teaches the client that which adverse effect will diminish with continued therapy? A. Black, sticky, tarry stools B. Lower leg muscle weakness C. Dyspnea and wheezing D. Flulike symptoms Anti-Fungal Drugs 1. A patient is receiving amphotericin B. The nurse identifies which medication as useful in preventing adverse effects of amphotericin B? A. Furosemide (Lasix) B. Insulin C. Vitamin K D. Potassium 2. Which antifungal agent is used as a one-time oral dose to treat vaginal yeast infections? A. Nystatin (Mycostatin) B. Caspofungin (Cancidas) C. Voriconazole (Vfend) D. Fluconazole (Diflucan) 3. A nurse is administering an oral dose of itraconazole (Sporanox) to a patient at 10:00 AM. The nurse should administer a prescribed dose of famotidine (Pepcid) at which time? A. 9:00 AM B. 10:00 AM C. 10:30 AM D. 11:00 AM 4. A patient is scheduled to receive intravenous amphotericin B. Which medication should a nurse administer as pretreatment before the infusion? A. 10 units of regular insulin intravenously B. 20 mg famotidine (Pepcid) in 50 mL of 5% dextrose C. 50 mg of diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 100 mg IV hydrocortisone (Solu-cortef) and 650 mg po of acetaminophen (Tylenol) D. 1 g of calcium gluconate in 100 mL of normal saline Anti-Biotics & Anti-Bacterial Drugs 1. A client develops flushing, rash, and pruritus during an IV infusion of vancomycin (Vancocin). Which action should a nurse take? A. Reduce the infusion rate. B. Administer diphenhydramine (Benadryl). C. Change the IV tubing. D. Check the patency of the IV. 2. Which cardiovascular finding does the nurse identify as a possible adverse effect of erythromycin (Ery-Tab) therapy? A. Heart rate of 52 beats per minute B. Prolonged QT interval C. Jugular vein distention D. Grade III diastolic murmur 3. What does the nurse identify as an adverse effect of clindamycin (Cleocin) therapy? A. Cyanosis and gray discoloration of the skin B. Frequent loose, watery stools with mucus and blood C. Reduction in all blood cells produced in the bone marrow D. Elevated bilirubin, with dark urine and jaundice Show Less