NURS 143 Fluid & Electrolytes Questions With Complete
Solutions
3 systems regulate acids & bases Correct Answers Chemical
buffers
Respiratory system
Kidneys
Acidosis Correct Answers blood pH is below 7.35 & either the
hydrogen ion concentration has increased or the bicarbonate
level has decreased
Acids Correct Answers molecules that can give hydrogen
molecules to other molecules; include solutions with a pH below
7
Active transport Correct Answers uses ATP to move solutes
from an area of low concentration to an area of higher
concentration
ADH Correct Answers also known as vasopressin---produced
by the hypothalamus to reduce diuresis & increase water
retention if serum osmolality increases or blood volume
decreases
Adrenal glands Correct Answers secrete aldosterone, whic
influnces sodium & potassium balance in the kidneys
Aldosterone Correct Answers secreted by the adrenal cortex
regulates sodium & water reabsorption by the kidneys
, Alkalosis Correct Answers blood pH is above 7.45 & either the
hydrogen ion concentration has decreased or the bicarbonate
level has increased
Anion gap Correct Answers Represents the level of unmeasured
anions in extracellular fluid--Normally ranges from 8-14
mEq/L--Helps differentiate acidotic conditions
Anions Correct Answers negatively charged electrolytes;
include chloride, phosphorus, & bicarbonate
ANP Correct Answers This hormone, produced & stored in the
atria of the heart, stops the action of the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system; decreases blood pressure by causing
vasodilation & reduces fluid volume by increasing excretion of
sodium & water
Bases Correct Answers molecules that can accept hydrogen
molecules; include solutions with a pH above 7
Bicarbonate buffer system Correct Answers buffers blood &
interstitial fluid
Bicarbonate Correct Answers regulates acid-base balance
Calcium Correct Answers stabilizes cell membrane, reducing its
permeability; transmits nerve impulses; contracts muscles;
coagulates blood; & forms bones & teeth
Capillary filtration Correct Answers movement of fluid through
capillary walls through hydrostatic pressure
Solutions
3 systems regulate acids & bases Correct Answers Chemical
buffers
Respiratory system
Kidneys
Acidosis Correct Answers blood pH is below 7.35 & either the
hydrogen ion concentration has increased or the bicarbonate
level has decreased
Acids Correct Answers molecules that can give hydrogen
molecules to other molecules; include solutions with a pH below
7
Active transport Correct Answers uses ATP to move solutes
from an area of low concentration to an area of higher
concentration
ADH Correct Answers also known as vasopressin---produced
by the hypothalamus to reduce diuresis & increase water
retention if serum osmolality increases or blood volume
decreases
Adrenal glands Correct Answers secrete aldosterone, whic
influnces sodium & potassium balance in the kidneys
Aldosterone Correct Answers secreted by the adrenal cortex
regulates sodium & water reabsorption by the kidneys
, Alkalosis Correct Answers blood pH is above 7.45 & either the
hydrogen ion concentration has decreased or the bicarbonate
level has increased
Anion gap Correct Answers Represents the level of unmeasured
anions in extracellular fluid--Normally ranges from 8-14
mEq/L--Helps differentiate acidotic conditions
Anions Correct Answers negatively charged electrolytes;
include chloride, phosphorus, & bicarbonate
ANP Correct Answers This hormone, produced & stored in the
atria of the heart, stops the action of the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system; decreases blood pressure by causing
vasodilation & reduces fluid volume by increasing excretion of
sodium & water
Bases Correct Answers molecules that can accept hydrogen
molecules; include solutions with a pH above 7
Bicarbonate buffer system Correct Answers buffers blood &
interstitial fluid
Bicarbonate Correct Answers regulates acid-base balance
Calcium Correct Answers stabilizes cell membrane, reducing its
permeability; transmits nerve impulses; contracts muscles;
coagulates blood; & forms bones & teeth
Capillary filtration Correct Answers movement of fluid through
capillary walls through hydrostatic pressure
