Nsg 313 Exam 4 Study Guide
Questions with Actual Detailed
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
What role does surfactant play in the lungs? - Answer Surfactant reduces surface tension in
the alveoli, preventing their collapse during expiration and allowing the lungs to inflate with
lower negative pressure.
What condition do infants develop if surfactant production is inadequate? - Answer
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
What is meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF)? - Answer MSAF occurs in 8% to 55% of
births and is associated with respiratory distress in newborns, known as meconium aspiration
syndrome (MAS).
What are the benefits of kangaroo care (KC)? - Answer KC is associated with more stable vital
signs, increased weight gain, shorter length of stay, more quiet sleep, and less crying, while
promoting thermoregulation and bonding.
What is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)? - Answer NEC is a serious inflammatory condition of
the intestinal tract that can lead to necrosis of the intestinal mucosa, occurring in 1% to 5% of
NICU infants, especially preterm ones.
What is the mortality rate associated with NEC? - Answer The mortality rate for NEC is 20%
to 30%.
What is retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)? - Answer ROP is a condition that can cause visual
impairment or blindness in preterm infants, often linked to high levels of oxygen.
What defines small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants? - Answer SGA infants are those below
the 10th percentile in size on growth charts and may experience intrauterine growth restriction
(IUGR).
What complications can arise from large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants? - Answer LGA
infants may produce excessive insulin, leading to rapid consumption of available glucose, and
may be at risk for complications from asphyxia or infection.
What is a common sign of a clavicle fracture in infants? - Answer A lump, swelling, or
tenderness over the bone, along with decreased movement of the affected arm.
Questions with Actual Detailed
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
What role does surfactant play in the lungs? - Answer Surfactant reduces surface tension in
the alveoli, preventing their collapse during expiration and allowing the lungs to inflate with
lower negative pressure.
What condition do infants develop if surfactant production is inadequate? - Answer
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
What is meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF)? - Answer MSAF occurs in 8% to 55% of
births and is associated with respiratory distress in newborns, known as meconium aspiration
syndrome (MAS).
What are the benefits of kangaroo care (KC)? - Answer KC is associated with more stable vital
signs, increased weight gain, shorter length of stay, more quiet sleep, and less crying, while
promoting thermoregulation and bonding.
What is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)? - Answer NEC is a serious inflammatory condition of
the intestinal tract that can lead to necrosis of the intestinal mucosa, occurring in 1% to 5% of
NICU infants, especially preterm ones.
What is the mortality rate associated with NEC? - Answer The mortality rate for NEC is 20%
to 30%.
What is retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)? - Answer ROP is a condition that can cause visual
impairment or blindness in preterm infants, often linked to high levels of oxygen.
What defines small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants? - Answer SGA infants are those below
the 10th percentile in size on growth charts and may experience intrauterine growth restriction
(IUGR).
What complications can arise from large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants? - Answer LGA
infants may produce excessive insulin, leading to rapid consumption of available glucose, and
may be at risk for complications from asphyxia or infection.
What is a common sign of a clavicle fracture in infants? - Answer A lump, swelling, or
tenderness over the bone, along with decreased movement of the affected arm.
