BSN 266 HESI
Med Surg Exam
(NGN-Style Presentation & Case Scenarios)
Actual Qs & Verified Ans to Pass the Exam
This Hesi test contains:
Next Gen-style presentation of the questions with expert
rationales for a BSN-level Med-Surg exam.
Each question includes Answer Choices, the Correct Answer,
and a detailed Expert Rationale explaining the reasoning
process, suitable for the 2025 HESI Med-Surg exam standard.
,1. A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed a nighttime
splint. Which explanation by the nurse best educates the client on
its use?
A) To prevent joint deformities during sleep
B) To increase joint mobility overnight
C) To reduce swelling by immobilization during the day
D) To apply heat and increase comfort
Correct Answer: A) To prevent joint deformities during sleep
Expert Rationale: Night splints help maintain joint alignment and prevent
contractures caused by RA overnight stiffness.
2. A 22-year-old male diagnosed with Buerger’s disease
(thromboangiitis obliterans) is preparing for discharge. Which
referral is the nurse’s priority?
A) Nutritional counseling to reduce cholesterol
B) Physical therapy for limb strengthening
C) Smoking cessation program
D) Support group for vascular diseases
Expert Rationale: Tobacco use is the primary cause of Buerger’s disease;
smoking cessation is essential to prevent progression.
3. A client with bacterial meningitis develops cyanosis of the
fingertips. What does this assessment indicate?
A) Septic emboli formation
B) Allergic reaction to antibiotics
,C) Normal peripheral vasoconstriction
D) Hyperventilation syndrome
Correct Answer: A) Septic emboli formation
Expert Rationale: Cyanosis and peripheral ischemia may result from septic
emboli secondary to systemic infection.
4. Which infection control guideline from the CDC should healthcare
workers follow to reduce risk of HIV transmission?
A) Wear masks at all times
B) Use gloves when contacting blood or body fluids from any client
C) Double glove when assisting with invasive procedures only
D) Dispose of needles only in regular trash containers
Correct Answer: B) Use gloves when contacting blood or body fluids from
any client
Expert Rationale: Gloves are standard precautions to prevent exposure to
potentially infectious materials regardless of diagnosis.
5. A 74-year-old woman with recently diagnosed osteoporosis is
being discharged home. Which home care instruction should the
nurse emphasize to reduce her risk of future fractures?
A) Perform weight-bearing exercises daily
B) Take prescribed bisphosphonate medications with food
C) Use calcium supplements only as needed
D) Eliminate hazards that could cause falls within the home environment
Correct Answer: D) Eliminate hazards that could cause falls within the
home environment
, Expert Rationale: Although exercise and medication adherence are
important, fall prevention by removing tripping hazards is critical to reduce
fracture risk in osteoporosis, especially in older adults.
6. A client has just received a kidney transplant. Which discharge
instruction is most important for the nurse to reinforce?
A) Monitor urine output for volume and color daily
B) Report any fever or signs of infection immediately
C) Use daily reminders to take immunosuppressant medications exactly as
prescribed
D) Avoid heavy lifting for one month following surgery
Correct Answer: C) Use daily reminders to take immunosuppressant
medications exactly as prescribed
Expert Rationale: Immunosuppressants prevent organ rejection. Non-
adherence can lead to graft failure, making medication vigilance essential.
7. A 67-year-old woman who lives alone trips on a rug and fractures
her proximal femur. Which predisposing factor most likely
contributed to the fracture?
A) Increased calcium intake without supplements
B) Trauma from the fall only
C) Osteoporosis secondary to hormonal changes post-menopause
D) Use of assistive devices for ambulation
Correct Answer: C) Osteoporosis secondary to hormonal changes post-
menopause
Expert Rationale: Postmenopausal hormonal changes accelerate bone loss,
making bones fragile and susceptible to fracture even from minor falls.
Med Surg Exam
(NGN-Style Presentation & Case Scenarios)
Actual Qs & Verified Ans to Pass the Exam
This Hesi test contains:
Next Gen-style presentation of the questions with expert
rationales for a BSN-level Med-Surg exam.
Each question includes Answer Choices, the Correct Answer,
and a detailed Expert Rationale explaining the reasoning
process, suitable for the 2025 HESI Med-Surg exam standard.
,1. A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed a nighttime
splint. Which explanation by the nurse best educates the client on
its use?
A) To prevent joint deformities during sleep
B) To increase joint mobility overnight
C) To reduce swelling by immobilization during the day
D) To apply heat and increase comfort
Correct Answer: A) To prevent joint deformities during sleep
Expert Rationale: Night splints help maintain joint alignment and prevent
contractures caused by RA overnight stiffness.
2. A 22-year-old male diagnosed with Buerger’s disease
(thromboangiitis obliterans) is preparing for discharge. Which
referral is the nurse’s priority?
A) Nutritional counseling to reduce cholesterol
B) Physical therapy for limb strengthening
C) Smoking cessation program
D) Support group for vascular diseases
Expert Rationale: Tobacco use is the primary cause of Buerger’s disease;
smoking cessation is essential to prevent progression.
3. A client with bacterial meningitis develops cyanosis of the
fingertips. What does this assessment indicate?
A) Septic emboli formation
B) Allergic reaction to antibiotics
,C) Normal peripheral vasoconstriction
D) Hyperventilation syndrome
Correct Answer: A) Septic emboli formation
Expert Rationale: Cyanosis and peripheral ischemia may result from septic
emboli secondary to systemic infection.
4. Which infection control guideline from the CDC should healthcare
workers follow to reduce risk of HIV transmission?
A) Wear masks at all times
B) Use gloves when contacting blood or body fluids from any client
C) Double glove when assisting with invasive procedures only
D) Dispose of needles only in regular trash containers
Correct Answer: B) Use gloves when contacting blood or body fluids from
any client
Expert Rationale: Gloves are standard precautions to prevent exposure to
potentially infectious materials regardless of diagnosis.
5. A 74-year-old woman with recently diagnosed osteoporosis is
being discharged home. Which home care instruction should the
nurse emphasize to reduce her risk of future fractures?
A) Perform weight-bearing exercises daily
B) Take prescribed bisphosphonate medications with food
C) Use calcium supplements only as needed
D) Eliminate hazards that could cause falls within the home environment
Correct Answer: D) Eliminate hazards that could cause falls within the
home environment
, Expert Rationale: Although exercise and medication adherence are
important, fall prevention by removing tripping hazards is critical to reduce
fracture risk in osteoporosis, especially in older adults.
6. A client has just received a kidney transplant. Which discharge
instruction is most important for the nurse to reinforce?
A) Monitor urine output for volume and color daily
B) Report any fever or signs of infection immediately
C) Use daily reminders to take immunosuppressant medications exactly as
prescribed
D) Avoid heavy lifting for one month following surgery
Correct Answer: C) Use daily reminders to take immunosuppressant
medications exactly as prescribed
Expert Rationale: Immunosuppressants prevent organ rejection. Non-
adherence can lead to graft failure, making medication vigilance essential.
7. A 67-year-old woman who lives alone trips on a rug and fractures
her proximal femur. Which predisposing factor most likely
contributed to the fracture?
A) Increased calcium intake without supplements
B) Trauma from the fall only
C) Osteoporosis secondary to hormonal changes post-menopause
D) Use of assistive devices for ambulation
Correct Answer: C) Osteoporosis secondary to hormonal changes post-
menopause
Expert Rationale: Postmenopausal hormonal changes accelerate bone loss,
making bones fragile and susceptible to fracture even from minor falls.
