USMLE Step 1 – Converted Practice Questions & Study Guide

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??? -> +TGF beta -> Hepatic stellate cell
cirrhosis


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,Usmle Step 1 2 of 659



??? -> aortic regurgitation + aortic aneurysm
mediastinal widening.


???? -> damages mitochondria -> alcohol
AST release from mitochondria ->
AST > ALT


??? -> Primary hemochromatosis HFE c282y


??? -> Ventricular tachycardia -> hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
ventricular fibrillation -> sudden
death in previously health
asymptomatic person <30yo.

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,Usmle Step 1 3 of 659



??? -> X lysyl oxidase -> beta aminopropionitrile
X elastin/collagen crosslinking ->
aortic dissection.


1,3 beta glucan -> polysaccharide caspofungin
-> echinocandin
fungal cell WALL (not membrane).


What drug blocks glucan
synthesis?


1st degree AV block prolonged PR interval



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, Usmle Step 1 4 of 659



2nd degree AV block - Mobitz type I = Wenckebach - progressive lengthening
type I and II of PR interval until a QRS is dropped
- which is Wenckebach? type II - no lengthening of PR interval, but
occasional dropped beats


3-4 months of drug therapy -> phenytoin
+PDGF ->
+macrophages -> +TGF beta ->
gingival hyperplasia.


What drug?




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