GOVT 350 Final Exam Questions Fully
Solved 2025-2026.
What are the consequences of egalitarian policies? - Answer Greater levels of civil intrusion
to compensate the "disadvantaged" in the name of "fairness is required. It causes the
Absolutizing of Equality in every dimension, or social, economic, and political leveling. In the
words of Friedman, egalitarian policies puts equality—in the sense of equality of outcome—
ahead of freedom will end up with neither equality nor freedom. Egalitarian policies uses force
to achieve equality and it will destroy freedom. And the very force, that was filled with good
intentions, will end up in the hands of people who use it to promote their interests.
When considering the relationship between capitalism and equality why is it incorrect to assert
that capitalism, with its equality of opportunity, increases inequality of income and wealth? -
Answer Income distributions in market economies do not compare unfavorably
with those of nonmarket economies, even with those of socialist-type systems
that are ostensibly predicated on explicitly egalitarian premises. In fact, absolute standards of
living are much higher in market economies,
so the incidence and extent of absolute poverty is correspondingly much lower.
3. Please review the handout on education and be prepared to address the issue of civil
jurisdiction and its relationship to education in respect to the Virginia religious liberty debates
and the establishment clause of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. In other words,
how has public (government) education evolved into a type of vehicle for an 'established faith,'
which the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was intended to guard against? - Answer
Education was originally considered a part of colonial/state jurisdiction in early America. Back
then, Education was considered, by its very nature, a 'religious' exercise because it involved
instruction in matters of truth relative to all subjects, especially theology. Since, it was a
religious exercise, magistrates were not to fund it via assessments, or establish it institutionally
either. Until 1852, when Massachusetts adopted its own law, no compulsory education law
existed within the United States. In 1867, States began to successively adopt their own laws.
However, many were still hesitant to adopt such laws due to parents who were concerned that
their right to govern their child's education would be stripped. In 1857, the ground was laid for
a national system of Education, and which called for a federal department of education in the
form of the founding of the national education association. Soon the creation of national
educational laws and institutions came about such as the 1. National Defense Education Act of
1958, a program intending to enhance the Secondary Education Learning in the fields of Math
and Science with Education Funding (a reaction to the space race), and the department of
education in October 1979 with the supposed mission to ensure equal access to education and
to promote educational excellence throughout the nation. Since then we have had such laws as
the No child left behind act of 2011 and Common Core. Both have helped destroy academic
excellence in the name of equality of outcome.
What is the significance of Horace Mann? - Answer Horace Mann reformed education in the
1800's which led to states paying taxes for schools, which created the public school system.
Solved 2025-2026.
What are the consequences of egalitarian policies? - Answer Greater levels of civil intrusion
to compensate the "disadvantaged" in the name of "fairness is required. It causes the
Absolutizing of Equality in every dimension, or social, economic, and political leveling. In the
words of Friedman, egalitarian policies puts equality—in the sense of equality of outcome—
ahead of freedom will end up with neither equality nor freedom. Egalitarian policies uses force
to achieve equality and it will destroy freedom. And the very force, that was filled with good
intentions, will end up in the hands of people who use it to promote their interests.
When considering the relationship between capitalism and equality why is it incorrect to assert
that capitalism, with its equality of opportunity, increases inequality of income and wealth? -
Answer Income distributions in market economies do not compare unfavorably
with those of nonmarket economies, even with those of socialist-type systems
that are ostensibly predicated on explicitly egalitarian premises. In fact, absolute standards of
living are much higher in market economies,
so the incidence and extent of absolute poverty is correspondingly much lower.
3. Please review the handout on education and be prepared to address the issue of civil
jurisdiction and its relationship to education in respect to the Virginia religious liberty debates
and the establishment clause of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. In other words,
how has public (government) education evolved into a type of vehicle for an 'established faith,'
which the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was intended to guard against? - Answer
Education was originally considered a part of colonial/state jurisdiction in early America. Back
then, Education was considered, by its very nature, a 'religious' exercise because it involved
instruction in matters of truth relative to all subjects, especially theology. Since, it was a
religious exercise, magistrates were not to fund it via assessments, or establish it institutionally
either. Until 1852, when Massachusetts adopted its own law, no compulsory education law
existed within the United States. In 1867, States began to successively adopt their own laws.
However, many were still hesitant to adopt such laws due to parents who were concerned that
their right to govern their child's education would be stripped. In 1857, the ground was laid for
a national system of Education, and which called for a federal department of education in the
form of the founding of the national education association. Soon the creation of national
educational laws and institutions came about such as the 1. National Defense Education Act of
1958, a program intending to enhance the Secondary Education Learning in the fields of Math
and Science with Education Funding (a reaction to the space race), and the department of
education in October 1979 with the supposed mission to ensure equal access to education and
to promote educational excellence throughout the nation. Since then we have had such laws as
the No child left behind act of 2011 and Common Core. Both have helped destroy academic
excellence in the name of equality of outcome.
What is the significance of Horace Mann? - Answer Horace Mann reformed education in the
1800's which led to states paying taxes for schools, which created the public school system.
