NURS 328 ASSESSMENT EXAM PRACTICE
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
what to look at - skin
color, texture, temp, turgor
moisture, rashes, pigment
hair, nails, hygiene
Infant skin is thinner than ____1_____, making it more prone to:____2,3,4_________
1. thinner
2. injury
3. infection
4. absorption
Newborns have limited ability to_________ so they are more prone to overheating
sweat
why cant newborns sweat?
they have Immature Sweat and Sebaceous Glands
Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet is normal in the first 24-48 hours.
agranulocytosis
Common in newborns due to immature liver function, typically appearing on the 2nd-3rd
day and resolving within a week.
Physiologic Jaundice:
A lacy, red-blue pattern on the skin due to immature circulation.
mottling
Common newborn rash that appears as red spots with yellow-white pustules, benign, and
self-limiting
Erythema Toxicum
Small, white cysts on the nose or cheeks, caused by blocked sebaceous glands, which resolve
spontaneously.
Milia
Fine hair covering the body, especially in preterm infants, which usually disappears within
a few weeks.
Lanugo
, Yellow, scaly patches on the scalp in infants, common but harmless.
Cradle Cap (Seborrheic Dermatitis)
prolonged exposure to moisture, friction, or irritants from urine/stool; Can lead to
secondary fungal or bacterial infections
Diaper Dermatitis:
Flat, Blue-gray patches, commonly seen on the sacral area of infants with darker skin
tones, harmless and fade over time.
Congenital Dermal Melanocytosis (CDM) (birthmark)
Red, raised areas of increased blood vessels, often harmless but may require monitoring.
Hemangiomas (birthmark)
strabismus in an infant - normal vs not normal
strabismus/extraocular movement = okay in 1-4 months
@ 4 months - baby should use both eyes to see, strabismus/extraocular movement/nystagmus
might be a problem
strabismus
Misalignment of the eyes — the eyes do not point in the same direction
how to test for strabismus
Cover-uncover test, corneal light reflex
cover uncover test
Detects strabismus (eye misalignment)
- patient focuses on a target
- Cover one eye with a card or hand
- Observe the uncovered eye
- If it moves to pick up fixation, the eye was misaligned
Uncover the first eye
Observe again for movement
Normal: No movement; eyes stay aligned
Abnormal: Eye moves to refocus
corneal light reflex
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
what to look at - skin
color, texture, temp, turgor
moisture, rashes, pigment
hair, nails, hygiene
Infant skin is thinner than ____1_____, making it more prone to:____2,3,4_________
1. thinner
2. injury
3. infection
4. absorption
Newborns have limited ability to_________ so they are more prone to overheating
sweat
why cant newborns sweat?
they have Immature Sweat and Sebaceous Glands
Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet is normal in the first 24-48 hours.
agranulocytosis
Common in newborns due to immature liver function, typically appearing on the 2nd-3rd
day and resolving within a week.
Physiologic Jaundice:
A lacy, red-blue pattern on the skin due to immature circulation.
mottling
Common newborn rash that appears as red spots with yellow-white pustules, benign, and
self-limiting
Erythema Toxicum
Small, white cysts on the nose or cheeks, caused by blocked sebaceous glands, which resolve
spontaneously.
Milia
Fine hair covering the body, especially in preterm infants, which usually disappears within
a few weeks.
Lanugo
, Yellow, scaly patches on the scalp in infants, common but harmless.
Cradle Cap (Seborrheic Dermatitis)
prolonged exposure to moisture, friction, or irritants from urine/stool; Can lead to
secondary fungal or bacterial infections
Diaper Dermatitis:
Flat, Blue-gray patches, commonly seen on the sacral area of infants with darker skin
tones, harmless and fade over time.
Congenital Dermal Melanocytosis (CDM) (birthmark)
Red, raised areas of increased blood vessels, often harmless but may require monitoring.
Hemangiomas (birthmark)
strabismus in an infant - normal vs not normal
strabismus/extraocular movement = okay in 1-4 months
@ 4 months - baby should use both eyes to see, strabismus/extraocular movement/nystagmus
might be a problem
strabismus
Misalignment of the eyes — the eyes do not point in the same direction
how to test for strabismus
Cover-uncover test, corneal light reflex
cover uncover test
Detects strabismus (eye misalignment)
- patient focuses on a target
- Cover one eye with a card or hand
- Observe the uncovered eye
- If it moves to pick up fixation, the eye was misaligned
Uncover the first eye
Observe again for movement
Normal: No movement; eyes stay aligned
Abnormal: Eye moves to refocus
corneal light reflex
