NSG 520 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2026.

NSG 520 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2026.




Disuse atrophy - ANS when limb is placed in cast for a long time


senile atrophy - ANS chronic ischemia from decrease in blood to brain


denervation atrophy - ANS peripheral neuropathies, less ER, less mitochondria, less
myofilaments


physiologic hypertrophy - ANS increased demand, stimulated by hormones ex: Runner's
heart


pathologic hypertrophy - ANS chronic hemodynamic overload from hypertension


compensatory hyperplasia - ANS enables organs to regenerate


hormonal hyperplasia - ANS estrogen dependent organs


most common forms of cell injury - ANS - ischemic and hypoxic
- ischemia-reperfusion
- oxidative stress
- chemical


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, reperfusion injury - ANS restoration of blood flow to recovering cells, reactive oxygen
intermediates damages myocytes


antioxidants - ANS inhibit oxidation of other molecules, prevent free radicals


endogenous antioxidants - ANS - alpha lipoic acid
- catalase
- CoQ10


exogenous antioxidants - ANS vitamin C


empirical risks - ANS based on direct observation of data


a1- Antitrypsin deficiency - ANS develop lung disease and liver cirrhosis


dosage calc for dry pills - ANS want/have


dosage calc for liquid doses - ANS want/have x liquid


symbiosis - ANS + for human, no harm to micro


mutualism - ANS + for human and micro


commensalism - ANS + micro, no harm to human


pathogenicity - ANS + micro, harms human



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