Microbiology 311 Final Exam QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 UPDATED
Which of the following statements about viruses is true? - All of the above
The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is: - Peritrichous
A circular, double-stranded segment of DNA separate from prokaryotic chromosome is called a:
- Plasmid
A prokaryotic cell may possess each of the following cellular components EXCEPT: - A nucleus
The type of bond formed between atoms that share electrons, rather than donating or receiving
them is called: - Covalent
Which of the following statements is true about the eukaryotic plasma membrane? - All of the
above
Viruses are not considered living organisms because they: - Cannot reproduce on their own.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about Carbon? - All of the above
The organelles that are capable of converting the energy from sunlight to chemical energy are
called: - Chloroplasts
,Glucose, fructose, and galactose are: - Monosaccharides
The incorporation of viral DNA into the bacterial chromosome without the production of new
virus is called: - Lysogenic State
Sphere-shaped bacteria are called: - Cocci
An amino acid is to a protein as a _________ is to a nucleic acid. - Nucleotide
A cluster of sphere-shaped bacteria is described as: - Staphylococci
A common structural element of four fused carbon rings is found in: - Steroids
The very stable resting cells formed by some bacteria under conditions of low nutrients are: -
Endospores
The three parts of a nucleotide are: - The phosphate group, the 5 carbon sugar, and the
nitrogenous base
Peptidoglycan, glycogen, chitin and cellulose are examples of: - Polysaccharides
Which of the following is the correct order for the multiplication cycle of viruses? - Absorption -
> Penetration -> Uncoating -> Synthesis -> Assembly -> Release
APUSAR
Fungal infections in humans are called: - Mycoses
, Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a viral: - Capsid
Pinworms and hookworms are: - Roundworms
A protein composed of multiple polypeptides is in its functional state in _____________
structure: - Quaternary
Eukaryotes are always multicellular, while prokaryotes are always unicellular: True or False? -
False
Eukaryotic flagella move in a propeller-type motion: True or False? - False
A "naked" virus is composed only of nucleic acid with no proteins: True or False? - False
A prokaryotic glycocalyx that is unorganized and loosely attached is called a capsule: True or
False? - False
The bacterial chromosome is found in an area called the nucleoid: True or False? - True
The site of protein sorting: Matching - Golgi apparatus
The site of protein synthesis and processing: Matching - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Digestion and recycling of macromolecules: Matching - Lysosome
The site of ATP synthesis: Matching - Mitochondria
ANSWERS 2026 UPDATED
Which of the following statements about viruses is true? - All of the above
The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is: - Peritrichous
A circular, double-stranded segment of DNA separate from prokaryotic chromosome is called a:
- Plasmid
A prokaryotic cell may possess each of the following cellular components EXCEPT: - A nucleus
The type of bond formed between atoms that share electrons, rather than donating or receiving
them is called: - Covalent
Which of the following statements is true about the eukaryotic plasma membrane? - All of the
above
Viruses are not considered living organisms because they: - Cannot reproduce on their own.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about Carbon? - All of the above
The organelles that are capable of converting the energy from sunlight to chemical energy are
called: - Chloroplasts
,Glucose, fructose, and galactose are: - Monosaccharides
The incorporation of viral DNA into the bacterial chromosome without the production of new
virus is called: - Lysogenic State
Sphere-shaped bacteria are called: - Cocci
An amino acid is to a protein as a _________ is to a nucleic acid. - Nucleotide
A cluster of sphere-shaped bacteria is described as: - Staphylococci
A common structural element of four fused carbon rings is found in: - Steroids
The very stable resting cells formed by some bacteria under conditions of low nutrients are: -
Endospores
The three parts of a nucleotide are: - The phosphate group, the 5 carbon sugar, and the
nitrogenous base
Peptidoglycan, glycogen, chitin and cellulose are examples of: - Polysaccharides
Which of the following is the correct order for the multiplication cycle of viruses? - Absorption -
> Penetration -> Uncoating -> Synthesis -> Assembly -> Release
APUSAR
Fungal infections in humans are called: - Mycoses
, Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a viral: - Capsid
Pinworms and hookworms are: - Roundworms
A protein composed of multiple polypeptides is in its functional state in _____________
structure: - Quaternary
Eukaryotes are always multicellular, while prokaryotes are always unicellular: True or False? -
False
Eukaryotic flagella move in a propeller-type motion: True or False? - False
A "naked" virus is composed only of nucleic acid with no proteins: True or False? - False
A prokaryotic glycocalyx that is unorganized and loosely attached is called a capsule: True or
False? - False
The bacterial chromosome is found in an area called the nucleoid: True or False? - True
The site of protein sorting: Matching - Golgi apparatus
The site of protein synthesis and processing: Matching - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Digestion and recycling of macromolecules: Matching - Lysosome
The site of ATP synthesis: Matching - Mitochondria
