1|Page
NR 341 PHARMACOLOGY CJE EXAM NEWEST 2026
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK| COMPLETE 450 REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
What is the priority when using reversal agents for drug overdoses? -
ANSWER - Identify the overdose medication.
What are common antidotes for specific drugs? - ANSWER - Warfarin:
Vitamin K; Heparin: Protamine; Acetaminophen: Acetylcysteine;
Calcium Channel Blockers: Intravenous Calcium; Benzodiazepines:
Flumazenil; Beta Blockers: Glucagon; Opioid Drugs: Naloxone.
What defines an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)? - ANSWER - An ADR
is an unexpected, unintended, or excessive response to medications
given at therapeutic dosages.
What is an Adverse Drug Event (ADE)? - ANSWER - An ADE is an
undesirable occurrence related to the administration of or failure to
administer a prescribed medication.
What is the importance of patient education regarding medications? -
ANSWER - Educate patients on medications, potential interactions,
maintain a current medication list, and verify it with pharmacy.
pg. 1
,2|Page
What is the significance of the Therapeutic Index in pharmacology? -
ANSWER - A wide therapeutic index indicates a large range between
therapeutic and toxic doses, while a low therapeutic index indicates a
small range, increasing the risk for toxicity.
What are the nursing considerations for using Albuterol? - ANSWER -
Monitor for cardiovascular side effects like tachycardia and palpitations,
and be aware that long-term use can decrease B2 effect leading to B1
stimulation.
What is the mechanism of action for Beta Agonists like Albuterol? -
ANSWER - Beta Agonists relax and dilate airways by stimulating
Beta2-adrenergic receptors.
What should always be taken first before other inhalers? - ANSWER -
Bronchodilator
What are the cautions for using bronchodilators? - ANSWER - Use with
caution in heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma, and seizure disorder.
What can overuse of bronchodilators lead to? - ANSWER - Paradoxical
bronchospasm.
Which medications can increase digoxin levels? - ANSWER -
Bronchodilators.
pg. 2
,3|Page
What are the Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABA) used for? - ANSWER
- Maintenance treatment, not for acute attacks.
Name two Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABA). - ANSWER -
Salmeterol (Serevent) and Vilanterol/fluticasone (Breo Ellipta).
What are some nursing implications for Salmeterol? - ANSWER - Avoid
excessive use, monitor respiratory status, and be aware of potential side
effects like headache and palpitations.
What can beta blockers do to bronchodilation? - ANSWER - Diminish
bronchodilation.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of anticholinergics like
Ipratropium? - ANSWER - Anticholinergic bronchodilator causing
relaxation/dilation and reduction of secretions.
What are the indications for anticholinergics? - ANSWER - Chronic
bronchitis, emphysema, and COPD.
What are common side effects of anticholinergics? - ANSWER - Dry
mouth, dry throat, nasal congestion, heart palpitations, GI distress,
urinary retention.
pg. 3
, 4|Page
What serious reactions can occur with anticholinergics? - ANSWER -
Paradoxical bronchospasm, anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity reaction,
angle-closure glaucoma.
What are the side effects of Xanthine Derivatives like Theophylline? -
ANSWER - Cardiac issues (tachycardia, palpitations), seizures,
insomnia.
What are the therapeutic levels for Theophylline? - ANSWER - 10-20
mcg/ml.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Leukotriene Receptor
Antagonists (LTRAs)? - ANSWER - Disrupts the effects of leukotrienes,
promoting smooth muscle dilation and decreasing inflammation.
What are the indications for LTRAs like Montelukast? - ANSWER -
Prevent or treat asthma, manage seasonal allergies, prevent exercise-
induced bronchoconstriction.
What nursing implications should be considered for LTRAs? -
ANSWER - For chronic use, not acute attacks; assess liver function;
may contain inactive ingredients.
What is the MOA of inhaled corticosteroids like Fluticasone? -
ANSWER - Locally acting anti-inflammatory.
pg. 4
NR 341 PHARMACOLOGY CJE EXAM NEWEST 2026
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK| COMPLETE 450 REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
What is the priority when using reversal agents for drug overdoses? -
ANSWER - Identify the overdose medication.
What are common antidotes for specific drugs? - ANSWER - Warfarin:
Vitamin K; Heparin: Protamine; Acetaminophen: Acetylcysteine;
Calcium Channel Blockers: Intravenous Calcium; Benzodiazepines:
Flumazenil; Beta Blockers: Glucagon; Opioid Drugs: Naloxone.
What defines an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)? - ANSWER - An ADR
is an unexpected, unintended, or excessive response to medications
given at therapeutic dosages.
What is an Adverse Drug Event (ADE)? - ANSWER - An ADE is an
undesirable occurrence related to the administration of or failure to
administer a prescribed medication.
What is the importance of patient education regarding medications? -
ANSWER - Educate patients on medications, potential interactions,
maintain a current medication list, and verify it with pharmacy.
pg. 1
,2|Page
What is the significance of the Therapeutic Index in pharmacology? -
ANSWER - A wide therapeutic index indicates a large range between
therapeutic and toxic doses, while a low therapeutic index indicates a
small range, increasing the risk for toxicity.
What are the nursing considerations for using Albuterol? - ANSWER -
Monitor for cardiovascular side effects like tachycardia and palpitations,
and be aware that long-term use can decrease B2 effect leading to B1
stimulation.
What is the mechanism of action for Beta Agonists like Albuterol? -
ANSWER - Beta Agonists relax and dilate airways by stimulating
Beta2-adrenergic receptors.
What should always be taken first before other inhalers? - ANSWER -
Bronchodilator
What are the cautions for using bronchodilators? - ANSWER - Use with
caution in heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma, and seizure disorder.
What can overuse of bronchodilators lead to? - ANSWER - Paradoxical
bronchospasm.
Which medications can increase digoxin levels? - ANSWER -
Bronchodilators.
pg. 2
,3|Page
What are the Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABA) used for? - ANSWER
- Maintenance treatment, not for acute attacks.
Name two Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABA). - ANSWER -
Salmeterol (Serevent) and Vilanterol/fluticasone (Breo Ellipta).
What are some nursing implications for Salmeterol? - ANSWER - Avoid
excessive use, monitor respiratory status, and be aware of potential side
effects like headache and palpitations.
What can beta blockers do to bronchodilation? - ANSWER - Diminish
bronchodilation.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of anticholinergics like
Ipratropium? - ANSWER - Anticholinergic bronchodilator causing
relaxation/dilation and reduction of secretions.
What are the indications for anticholinergics? - ANSWER - Chronic
bronchitis, emphysema, and COPD.
What are common side effects of anticholinergics? - ANSWER - Dry
mouth, dry throat, nasal congestion, heart palpitations, GI distress,
urinary retention.
pg. 3
, 4|Page
What serious reactions can occur with anticholinergics? - ANSWER -
Paradoxical bronchospasm, anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity reaction,
angle-closure glaucoma.
What are the side effects of Xanthine Derivatives like Theophylline? -
ANSWER - Cardiac issues (tachycardia, palpitations), seizures,
insomnia.
What are the therapeutic levels for Theophylline? - ANSWER - 10-20
mcg/ml.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Leukotriene Receptor
Antagonists (LTRAs)? - ANSWER - Disrupts the effects of leukotrienes,
promoting smooth muscle dilation and decreasing inflammation.
What are the indications for LTRAs like Montelukast? - ANSWER -
Prevent or treat asthma, manage seasonal allergies, prevent exercise-
induced bronchoconstriction.
What nursing implications should be considered for LTRAs? -
ANSWER - For chronic use, not acute attacks; assess liver function;
may contain inactive ingredients.
What is the MOA of inhaled corticosteroids like Fluticasone? -
ANSWER - Locally acting anti-inflammatory.
pg. 4
