NUR2407 Pharmacology Module 2 Nervous Systems Drugs

NUR2407 Pharmacology Module 2 Autonomic Nervous System Drugs Central and Peripheral Nervous System Drugs Synonymous Autonomic Nervous System Terms Sympathetic – “Fight or Flight” • Sympathomimetic • Parasympatholytic • Adrenergic • Adrenomimetic • Adrenergic agonist • Anticholinergic • Cholinergic Antagonist Parasympathetic – “Rest and Digest” • Sympatholytic • Parasympathomimetic • Cholinergic • Cholinergic Agonist • Adrenergic blocker • Adrenolytic • Adrenergic antagonist • Muscarinic Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists Chapter 15 Adrenergic Agonists • Function of adrenergics • “Fight or flight” • Can’t see, Can’t pee • Can’t spit, Can’t **** Effects of Adrenergic Agonists at Receptors • Alpha1 receptors • Increases cardiac contractility, vasoconstriction • Dilates pupils, decreases salivary gland secretion • Increases bladder and prostate contraction • Alpha2 receptors • Inhibits norepinephrine release • Promotes vasodilation and decreased BP • Decreases GI motility and tone 1 2 1 2 3 4 3 4 5 1 4/27/2020 2 • Beta1 receptors • Increases cardiac contractility, heart rate • Increases renin secretion and increases BP • Beta2 receptors • Decreases GI tone and motility • Bronchodilation • Increases blood flow in skeletal muscles • Relaxes smooth muscles of uterus • Activates liver glycogenolysis • Increases blood glucose Effects of Adrenergic Agonists at Receptors (Cont.) Classification of Adrenergic Agonists • Direct-acting (epinephrine, norepinephrine) • Directly stimulates adrenergic receptor • Indirect-acting (amphetamine) • Stimulates release of norepinephrine from terminal nerve endings • Mixed-acting (ephedrine) • Stimulates adrenergic receptor sites and stimulates release of norepinephrine from terminal nerve endings • Catecholamines • Catecholamines • Produce sympathetic response • Endogenous • Epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine • Synthetic • Isoproterenol, dobutamine • Noncatecholamines • Stimulate adrenergic receptors • Most have longer duration of action than endogenous and synthetic • Phenylephrine, metaproterenol, albuterol • Epinephrine (Adrenaline) • Nonselective • Stimulates “fight or flight” response • Action • Alpha1 increases the blood pressure.