FNP MSN 560 PRACTICE STUDY GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ What is serious about Septic arthritis. Answer: Can destroy joint
in 2-3 days,
◉ Toxic synovitis of the hip. Answer: this typically follows a
respiratory infection.
Children are not able to bear weight on the extremity or may limp
or complain of knee pain.
The CBC is normal, as is the ESR.
Radiographs are normal or may show a small effusion.
◉ Slipped capitol femoral epiphysis. Answer: Slipped capital femoral
epiphysis (SCFE) is an unusual disorder of the adolescent hip. The
ball at the upper end of the femur slips off in a backward direction
d/t weakness of the growth plate. Most often, it develops during
periods of accelerated growth, shortly after the onset of puberty.
The goal of treatment (surgery) is to prevent any additional slipping
of the femoral head until the growth plate closes
AA pediatrics
,◉ Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb). Answer: Serologic marker
on the surface of HBV detected in high level during acute or chronic
hepatitis. The body normally produces antibodies to surface antigen
as a normal immune response to infection.
◉ Neutrophilia. Answer: An increase in the number of neutrophils.
Caused by bacterial infection of physiological stress.
◉ Lymphopenia. Answer: Decrease number of circilating
lymphocytes, causes can be immunodeficieny (Digeorge or HIV),
high cortisol state (exogenous or Cushings) induces apoptosis of
leukocytes, autoimmune destruction (SLE), Whole body radiation -
lymphocytes are highly sensitive to radiation]
◉ HBsAg. Answer: Antigen found on surface of HBV; indicates
hepatitis B infection
◉ Heberden's nodes. Answer: Bony overgrowths of osteoarthritis on
dorsolateral aspect of DIP, usually hard & painless
◉ Rheumatoid arthritis.. Answer: The disease which begins with
inflammation and edema of the synovial membranes surrounding
the joint
,◉ Septic arthritis. Answer: A swelling of the joints caused by an
infection,
Culture first, then treat.
Aspirate joint fluid and order protein, cell count and differential,
gram stain, crystal exam.
In children: blood cultures.
◉ Gouty arthritis. Answer: Inflammation and painful swelling of
joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body
◉ Osteoarthritis. Answer: "Degenerative Joint Disease"=chronic
progressive disorder onset around middle ages causing
deterioration of the articular cartilage(hyaline) at joints and
formation of reactive new bone at the margins and subchondral
areas of joints due to excessive normal wear and tear of aging or
genetic inheritance(increased risk) that can be treated with aspirin
and surgery in severe cases but not cured.
◉ Otosclerosis.. Answer: Conductive hearing loss resulting from
boney overgrowth of the stapes. Derived from oto, meaning "of the
ear," and sclerosis, meaning "abnormal hardening of body tissue."
The condition is caused by abnormal bone remodeling in the middle
ear.
, ◉ Meniere's Disease.. Answer: this type of disorder involves vertigo,
tinnitus, and hearing loss (bi or unilateral).
Early in the disease, patients have intermittent attacks of vertigo
that last from minutes to hours, often associated with nausea and
vomiting. These episodes are commonly accompanied by pressure in
the ear, low pitched tinnitus fluctuating in intensity, and hearing
loss, usually in one ear. There can be long periods of remission
◉ Vestibular neuronitis.. Answer: usually sudden onset, lasting
hours to weeks, may recur over 12-18 months; hearing is not
affected; not associated with tinnitus; can be associated with nausea,
vomiting and nystagmus
◉ Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.. Answer: caused by
malpositioned otolithic crystals in semicircular canal and
characterized by brief, sudden episodes of severe vertigo, nausea
,vomiting, positional nystagmus but no hearing loss
◉ Acromegaly.. Answer: Hypersecretion of hGH that causes
overgrowth of the hands and feet, abnormal thickening of the bones
of the face, and excessive overgrowth of soft tissue, occurring after
puberty
◉ Prolactinoma.. Answer: Amenorrhea, galactorrhea, hirsutism, and
osteopenia
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ What is serious about Septic arthritis. Answer: Can destroy joint
in 2-3 days,
◉ Toxic synovitis of the hip. Answer: this typically follows a
respiratory infection.
Children are not able to bear weight on the extremity or may limp
or complain of knee pain.
The CBC is normal, as is the ESR.
Radiographs are normal or may show a small effusion.
◉ Slipped capitol femoral epiphysis. Answer: Slipped capital femoral
epiphysis (SCFE) is an unusual disorder of the adolescent hip. The
ball at the upper end of the femur slips off in a backward direction
d/t weakness of the growth plate. Most often, it develops during
periods of accelerated growth, shortly after the onset of puberty.
The goal of treatment (surgery) is to prevent any additional slipping
of the femoral head until the growth plate closes
AA pediatrics
,◉ Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb). Answer: Serologic marker
on the surface of HBV detected in high level during acute or chronic
hepatitis. The body normally produces antibodies to surface antigen
as a normal immune response to infection.
◉ Neutrophilia. Answer: An increase in the number of neutrophils.
Caused by bacterial infection of physiological stress.
◉ Lymphopenia. Answer: Decrease number of circilating
lymphocytes, causes can be immunodeficieny (Digeorge or HIV),
high cortisol state (exogenous or Cushings) induces apoptosis of
leukocytes, autoimmune destruction (SLE), Whole body radiation -
lymphocytes are highly sensitive to radiation]
◉ HBsAg. Answer: Antigen found on surface of HBV; indicates
hepatitis B infection
◉ Heberden's nodes. Answer: Bony overgrowths of osteoarthritis on
dorsolateral aspect of DIP, usually hard & painless
◉ Rheumatoid arthritis.. Answer: The disease which begins with
inflammation and edema of the synovial membranes surrounding
the joint
,◉ Septic arthritis. Answer: A swelling of the joints caused by an
infection,
Culture first, then treat.
Aspirate joint fluid and order protein, cell count and differential,
gram stain, crystal exam.
In children: blood cultures.
◉ Gouty arthritis. Answer: Inflammation and painful swelling of
joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body
◉ Osteoarthritis. Answer: "Degenerative Joint Disease"=chronic
progressive disorder onset around middle ages causing
deterioration of the articular cartilage(hyaline) at joints and
formation of reactive new bone at the margins and subchondral
areas of joints due to excessive normal wear and tear of aging or
genetic inheritance(increased risk) that can be treated with aspirin
and surgery in severe cases but not cured.
◉ Otosclerosis.. Answer: Conductive hearing loss resulting from
boney overgrowth of the stapes. Derived from oto, meaning "of the
ear," and sclerosis, meaning "abnormal hardening of body tissue."
The condition is caused by abnormal bone remodeling in the middle
ear.
, ◉ Meniere's Disease.. Answer: this type of disorder involves vertigo,
tinnitus, and hearing loss (bi or unilateral).
Early in the disease, patients have intermittent attacks of vertigo
that last from minutes to hours, often associated with nausea and
vomiting. These episodes are commonly accompanied by pressure in
the ear, low pitched tinnitus fluctuating in intensity, and hearing
loss, usually in one ear. There can be long periods of remission
◉ Vestibular neuronitis.. Answer: usually sudden onset, lasting
hours to weeks, may recur over 12-18 months; hearing is not
affected; not associated with tinnitus; can be associated with nausea,
vomiting and nystagmus
◉ Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.. Answer: caused by
malpositioned otolithic crystals in semicircular canal and
characterized by brief, sudden episodes of severe vertigo, nausea
,vomiting, positional nystagmus but no hearing loss
◉ Acromegaly.. Answer: Hypersecretion of hGH that causes
overgrowth of the hands and feet, abnormal thickening of the bones
of the face, and excessive overgrowth of soft tissue, occurring after
puberty
◉ Prolactinoma.. Answer: Amenorrhea, galactorrhea, hirsutism, and
osteopenia
