ECPI A&P II final exam with precise detailed ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answers
The only type of connective tissue that has a liquid matrix
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blood
where do blood cells from ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
red bone marrow
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plasma
•Clear, straw-colored fluid matrix of blood ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•About 55% of blood volume ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Found in top of centrifuge tube ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
red blood cells
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•35 to 46% in females, 40 to 54% in males
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•Found in bottom of centrifuge tube ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Percentage of RBCs is called the Hematocrit (HCT) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
white blood cells ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,•Make up <1% of blood volume ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Found in "buffy coat" in middle of centrifuge tube ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
granulocytes
have granular cytoplasm.
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•Neutrophils
•Eosinophils
•Basophils
Arganulocytes
do not have noticeable granules.
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•Lymphocytes
•Monocytes
neutrophils
•Granulocytes with small, light purple granules in acid-base stain ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Lobed nucleus; 2 to 5 sections ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Also called Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (P M Ns)
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•First to arrive at infection site
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•Strong phagocytes ||\\//||
•54% to 70% of leukocytes; elevated in bacterial infections
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, Eosinophils
•Granulocytes with coarse granules that stain deep red in acid stain ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Bilobed nucleus ||\\//||
•Moderate allergic reactions ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Defend against parasitic worm infestations ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•1% to 3% of leukocytes
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•Elevated in parasitic worm infestations and allergic reactions ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
basophils
•Granulocytes with large granules that stain deep blue in basic stain ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Granules can obscure view of nucleus ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Release histamine to stimulate inflammation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Release heparin to stop blood from clotting ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Less than 1% of leukocytes
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Similar to eosinophils in size and shape of nuclei
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monocytes
•Largest of the WBCs ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Spherical, kidney-shaped, oval, or lobed nuclei ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Agranulocytes
•Leave bloodstream to become macrophages
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•3% to 9% of leukocytes
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•Live for weeks to months
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•Phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, debris ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answers
The only type of connective tissue that has a liquid matrix
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
blood
where do blood cells from ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
red bone marrow
||\\//|| ||\\//||
plasma
•Clear, straw-colored fluid matrix of blood ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•About 55% of blood volume ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Found in top of centrifuge tube ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
red blood cells
||\\//|| ||\\//||
•35 to 46% in females, 40 to 54% in males
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Found in bottom of centrifuge tube ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Percentage of RBCs is called the Hematocrit (HCT) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
white blood cells ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,•Make up <1% of blood volume ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Found in "buffy coat" in middle of centrifuge tube ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
granulocytes
have granular cytoplasm.
||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Neutrophils
•Eosinophils
•Basophils
Arganulocytes
do not have noticeable granules.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Lymphocytes
•Monocytes
neutrophils
•Granulocytes with small, light purple granules in acid-base stain ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Lobed nucleus; 2 to 5 sections ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Also called Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (P M Ns)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•First to arrive at infection site
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Strong phagocytes ||\\//||
•54% to 70% of leukocytes; elevated in bacterial infections
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, Eosinophils
•Granulocytes with coarse granules that stain deep red in acid stain ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Bilobed nucleus ||\\//||
•Moderate allergic reactions ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Defend against parasitic worm infestations ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•1% to 3% of leukocytes
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Elevated in parasitic worm infestations and allergic reactions ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
basophils
•Granulocytes with large granules that stain deep blue in basic stain ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Granules can obscure view of nucleus ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Release histamine to stimulate inflammation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Release heparin to stop blood from clotting ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Less than 1% of leukocytes
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Similar to eosinophils in size and shape of nuclei
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
monocytes
•Largest of the WBCs ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Spherical, kidney-shaped, oval, or lobed nuclei ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Agranulocytes
•Leave bloodstream to become macrophages
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•3% to 9% of leukocytes
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Live for weeks to months
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
•Phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, debris ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
