TEST BANK FOR COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC
HEALTH NURSING EVIDENCE FOR PRACTICE
4TH EDITION BY DEMARCO & WALS
UPDATED 2026 LATEST EXAM GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
,TABLE OF CONTENT
1. Public Health Nursing: Present, Past, and Future
2. Public Health Systems
3. Health Policy, Politics, and Reform
4. Global Health: A Community Perspective
5. Frameworks for Health Promotion, Disease Prevention, and Risk
Reduction
6. Epidemiology: The Science of Prevention
7. Describing Health Conditions: Understanding and Using Rates
8. Gathering Evidence for Public Health Practice
9. Planning for Community Change
10.Cultural Competence: Awareness, Sensitivity, and Respect
11.Community Assessment
12.Care Management: Case Management and Home Healthcare
13.Family Assessment
14.Risk of Infectious and Communicable Diseases
15.Emerging Infectious Diseases
16.Violence and Abuse
17.Substance Use
18.Underserved Populations
19.Environmental Health
20.Community Preparedness: Disaster and Terrorism
21.Community Mental Health
22.School Health
23.Faith-Oriented Communities and Health Ministries in Faith Communities
24.Palliative and End-of-Life Care
25.Occupational Health Nursing
,CHAPTER 1: Public Health Nursing — Present, Past, and Future
Summary
This chapter explores the evolution of public health nursing from its historical
roots to modern practice, emphasizing population-focused care, prevention,
social justice, health equity, and evidence-based practice. Key concepts include
the role of public health nurses within communities, ethical practice,
collaboration with public health systems, and addressing social determinants of
health to improve population outcomes across diverse settings.
1. A public health nurse working in a community clinic focuses primarily on
which goal?
A. Treating acute illnesses
B. Providing individualized hospital care
C. Improving population health outcomes
D. Performing specialized procedures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Public health nursing emphasizes population-level interventions,
prevention, and health promotion rather than individual acute or hospital-based
care.
2. Which historical figure is most closely associated with the foundations of
public health nursing in the United States?
A. Clara Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Lillian Wald
D. Dorothea Dix
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement, emphasizing
community-based nursing and social reform, foundational to public health
nursing.
3. A nurse assesses high asthma rates in a low-income neighborhood. This
activity best reflects which public health nursing focus?
A. Secondary prevention
B. Population-based assessment
C. Case management
D. Acute care intervention
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Identifying disease patterns within a community reflects population-
based assessment central to public health nursing practice.
4. Which principle most strongly guides ethical public health nursing
practice?
A. Autonomy only
B. Social justice
C. Profitability
D. Provider convenience
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Public health nursing prioritizes social justice by addressing health
inequities and advocating for vulnerable populations.
5. A public health nurse advocates for clean water legislation. This action
reflects which core role?
A. Direct caregiver
B. Policy advocate
C. Case manager
D. Clinical specialist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Advocacy for policies that improve population health is a central role
of public health nurses.
6. Which activity best demonstrates primary prevention?
A. Screening for hypertension
B. Teaching hand hygiene in schools
C. Treating influenza
D. Managing diabetes complications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing disease before it occurs,
such as education on hygiene practices.
7. A nurse collaborates with housing authorities to reduce lead exposure.
This reflects attention to which concept?
A. Acute care delivery
B. Social determinants of health
C. Individual compliance
D. Tertiary prevention
HEALTH NURSING EVIDENCE FOR PRACTICE
4TH EDITION BY DEMARCO & WALS
UPDATED 2026 LATEST EXAM GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
,TABLE OF CONTENT
1. Public Health Nursing: Present, Past, and Future
2. Public Health Systems
3. Health Policy, Politics, and Reform
4. Global Health: A Community Perspective
5. Frameworks for Health Promotion, Disease Prevention, and Risk
Reduction
6. Epidemiology: The Science of Prevention
7. Describing Health Conditions: Understanding and Using Rates
8. Gathering Evidence for Public Health Practice
9. Planning for Community Change
10.Cultural Competence: Awareness, Sensitivity, and Respect
11.Community Assessment
12.Care Management: Case Management and Home Healthcare
13.Family Assessment
14.Risk of Infectious and Communicable Diseases
15.Emerging Infectious Diseases
16.Violence and Abuse
17.Substance Use
18.Underserved Populations
19.Environmental Health
20.Community Preparedness: Disaster and Terrorism
21.Community Mental Health
22.School Health
23.Faith-Oriented Communities and Health Ministries in Faith Communities
24.Palliative and End-of-Life Care
25.Occupational Health Nursing
,CHAPTER 1: Public Health Nursing — Present, Past, and Future
Summary
This chapter explores the evolution of public health nursing from its historical
roots to modern practice, emphasizing population-focused care, prevention,
social justice, health equity, and evidence-based practice. Key concepts include
the role of public health nurses within communities, ethical practice,
collaboration with public health systems, and addressing social determinants of
health to improve population outcomes across diverse settings.
1. A public health nurse working in a community clinic focuses primarily on
which goal?
A. Treating acute illnesses
B. Providing individualized hospital care
C. Improving population health outcomes
D. Performing specialized procedures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Public health nursing emphasizes population-level interventions,
prevention, and health promotion rather than individual acute or hospital-based
care.
2. Which historical figure is most closely associated with the foundations of
public health nursing in the United States?
A. Clara Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Lillian Wald
D. Dorothea Dix
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement, emphasizing
community-based nursing and social reform, foundational to public health
nursing.
3. A nurse assesses high asthma rates in a low-income neighborhood. This
activity best reflects which public health nursing focus?
A. Secondary prevention
B. Population-based assessment
C. Case management
D. Acute care intervention
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Identifying disease patterns within a community reflects population-
based assessment central to public health nursing practice.
4. Which principle most strongly guides ethical public health nursing
practice?
A. Autonomy only
B. Social justice
C. Profitability
D. Provider convenience
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Public health nursing prioritizes social justice by addressing health
inequities and advocating for vulnerable populations.
5. A public health nurse advocates for clean water legislation. This action
reflects which core role?
A. Direct caregiver
B. Policy advocate
C. Case manager
D. Clinical specialist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Advocacy for policies that improve population health is a central role
of public health nurses.
6. Which activity best demonstrates primary prevention?
A. Screening for hypertension
B. Teaching hand hygiene in schools
C. Treating influenza
D. Managing diabetes complications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing disease before it occurs,
such as education on hygiene practices.
7. A nurse collaborates with housing authorities to reduce lead exposure.
This reflects attention to which concept?
A. Acute care delivery
B. Social determinants of health
C. Individual compliance
D. Tertiary prevention
