BIO 189 Final Exam Study test

BIO 189 - Final: Modules 4-7
1. Nucleotide: Monomers of nucleic acids (DNA
and RNA)




2. Chargaff's rules: A=T and C=G




3. Hershey and Chase: Scientists who discovered that DNA was the
genetic material (not protein) by using bacteriophage viruses


4. Bacteriophage: A type of virus that infects bacteria

Used by Hershey and Chase in their experiments that showed that
DNA is the genetic material




5. Rosalind Franklin: Scientist who took pictures of DNA using x-ray
crystallography, which helped discover the double helix shape of
DNA

6. Watson and Crick: Team of scientists that built the first accurate
model of the double helix shape of DNA



7. Double helix: The shape of DNA. Two long strands wrapped
around each other.




,8. Hydrogen bond: Weak attractions that hold together the two strands of DNA in a double
helix




9. Base pair: A pair of complementary nitrogenous bases in a
DNA molecule




10. DNA: Nucleic acid polymer that acts as the genetic
material for ALL life forms




11. RNA: Nucleic acid polymer that is a temporary copy of a
specific segment of DNA




12. Gene: A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes
for a specific product (usually a protein)




13. Three chemical components of a nucleotide: 1)
Nitrogenous base



, 2) Five-carbon sugar
3) Phosphates

14. Nitrogenous base: The chemical component of a nucleotide that makes each
nucleotide different from the others
15. Nucleotides in DNA: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
16. Nucleotides in RNA: Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine