PENNSYLVANIA FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES
2025|2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which is the most appropriate first-line therapy for hypertension in a 55-
year-old patient with no other comorbidities?
A) Lisinopril
B) Hydrochlorothiazide
C) Atenolol
D) Furosemide
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are recommended as first-line therapy for
uncomplicated hypertension.
2. A 68-year-old patient presents with memory loss and confusion. Which test
is most appropriate to start the workup?
A) MRI brain
B) MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination)
C) EEG
D) PET scan
Rationale: MMSE is a quick, validated screening tool for cognitive impairment.
3. Which of the following vaccines is recommended annually for adults ≥65
years?
A) Tdap
B) Influenza
C) MMR
D) Varicella
Rationale: Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all adults over 65.
4. For an older adult with mild osteoarthritis, the safest first-line medication
is:
A) Acetaminophen
, B) Ibuprofen
C) Naproxen
D) Celecoxib
Rationale: Acetaminophen is safest in older adults due to lower risk of GI and
renal complications.
5. Which lipid-lowering agent is first-line for primary prevention in adults with
high LDL?
A) Fibrate
B) Ezetimibe
C) Niacin
D) Statin
Rationale: Statins are first-line for LDL reduction and cardiovascular risk
prevention.
6. A patient with chronic kidney disease stage 3 should avoid which NSAID?
A) Ibuprofen
B) Acetaminophen
C) Topical diclofenac
D) Low-dose aspirin
Rationale: NSAIDs can worsen kidney function in CKD patients.
7. A patient presents with type 2 diabetes. Which HbA1c target is
recommended for most adults?
A) 5.5%
B) 6%
C) <7%
D) 8%
Rationale: Most guidelines recommend <7% for glycemic control.
8. A patient with stable angina is prescribed a beta-blocker. Which outcome is
expected?
A) Cure of coronary artery disease
B) Decrease in angina episodes
, C) Increase in LDL
D) Increase in HR
Rationale: Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand,
decreasing angina frequency.
9. Which test is preferred to screen for osteoporosis in postmenopausal
women?
A) X-ray
B) CT scan
C) DEXA scan
D) MRI
Rationale: DEXA scan is the standard for bone mineral density measurement.
10.In heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), which class of
medications improves survival?
A) Loop diuretics
B) Digoxin
C) Nitrates
D) ACE inhibitors
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce morbidity and mortality in HFrEF.
11–20: Pediatrics & Adolescent Care
11.First-line therapy for otitis media in a child without penicillin allergy:
A) Azithromycin
B) Amoxicillin
C) Ciprofloxacin
D) Clindamycin
Rationale: Amoxicillin is first-line for uncomplicated otitis media.
12.At what age should the first MMR vaccine be administered?
A) Birth
B) 2 months
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES
2025|2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which is the most appropriate first-line therapy for hypertension in a 55-
year-old patient with no other comorbidities?
A) Lisinopril
B) Hydrochlorothiazide
C) Atenolol
D) Furosemide
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are recommended as first-line therapy for
uncomplicated hypertension.
2. A 68-year-old patient presents with memory loss and confusion. Which test
is most appropriate to start the workup?
A) MRI brain
B) MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination)
C) EEG
D) PET scan
Rationale: MMSE is a quick, validated screening tool for cognitive impairment.
3. Which of the following vaccines is recommended annually for adults ≥65
years?
A) Tdap
B) Influenza
C) MMR
D) Varicella
Rationale: Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all adults over 65.
4. For an older adult with mild osteoarthritis, the safest first-line medication
is:
A) Acetaminophen
, B) Ibuprofen
C) Naproxen
D) Celecoxib
Rationale: Acetaminophen is safest in older adults due to lower risk of GI and
renal complications.
5. Which lipid-lowering agent is first-line for primary prevention in adults with
high LDL?
A) Fibrate
B) Ezetimibe
C) Niacin
D) Statin
Rationale: Statins are first-line for LDL reduction and cardiovascular risk
prevention.
6. A patient with chronic kidney disease stage 3 should avoid which NSAID?
A) Ibuprofen
B) Acetaminophen
C) Topical diclofenac
D) Low-dose aspirin
Rationale: NSAIDs can worsen kidney function in CKD patients.
7. A patient presents with type 2 diabetes. Which HbA1c target is
recommended for most adults?
A) 5.5%
B) 6%
C) <7%
D) 8%
Rationale: Most guidelines recommend <7% for glycemic control.
8. A patient with stable angina is prescribed a beta-blocker. Which outcome is
expected?
A) Cure of coronary artery disease
B) Decrease in angina episodes
, C) Increase in LDL
D) Increase in HR
Rationale: Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand,
decreasing angina frequency.
9. Which test is preferred to screen for osteoporosis in postmenopausal
women?
A) X-ray
B) CT scan
C) DEXA scan
D) MRI
Rationale: DEXA scan is the standard for bone mineral density measurement.
10.In heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), which class of
medications improves survival?
A) Loop diuretics
B) Digoxin
C) Nitrates
D) ACE inhibitors
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce morbidity and mortality in HFrEF.
11–20: Pediatrics & Adolescent Care
11.First-line therapy for otitis media in a child without penicillin allergy:
A) Azithromycin
B) Amoxicillin
C) Ciprofloxacin
D) Clindamycin
Rationale: Amoxicillin is first-line for uncomplicated otitis media.
12.At what age should the first MMR vaccine be administered?
A) Birth
B) 2 months
