NURSING AND MIDWIFERY COUNCIL ACTUAL
FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
NOTE: THIS STUDY GUIDE IS SPECIFIC TO ACTUAL 2025/26 EXAM
1. What is the primary goal of nursing?
a) To promote health and prevent illness
b) To diagnose and treat diseases
c) To provide comfort and care
d) To advocate for patients and families
Answer: a
2. What are the four main concepts of the nursing metaparadigm?
a) Person, environment, health, and nursing
b) Assessment, diagnosis, planning, and evaluation
c) Theory, research, practice, and education
d) Ethics, law, quality, and safety
Answer: a
3. What is the difference between a nursing model and a nursing theory?
a) A nursing model is a general framework that guides nursing practice, while
a nursing theory is a specific explanation of a phenomenon related to
nursing.
b) A nursing model is a specific explanation of a phenomenon related to
nursing, while a nursing theory is a general framework that guides nursing
practice.
c) A nursing model is a set of assumptions and values that shape nursing
practice, while a nursing theory is a testable hypothesis that can be verified
or falsified by research.
5
, d) A nursing model is a testable hypothesis that can be verified or falsified by
research, while a nursing theory is a set of assumptions and values that
shape nursing practice.
Answer: a
A
4. What is the primary goal of nursing?
a) To promote health and prevent illness
b) To diagnose and treat diseases
c) To provide comfort and care
d) To advocate for patients and families
Answer: a
5. What are the four main concepts of the nursing metaparadigm?
a) Person, environment, health, and nursing
b) Assessment, diagnosis, planning, and evaluation
c) Theory, research, practice, and education
d) Ethics, law, quality, and safety
Answer: a
6. What is the difference between a nursing model and a nursing theory?
a) A nursing model is a general framework that guides nursing practice, while
a nursing theory is a specific explanation of a phenomenon related to
nursing.
b) A nursing model is a specific explanation of a phenomenon related to
nursing, while a nursing theory is a general framework that guides nursing
practice.
c) A nursing model is a set of assumptions and values that shape nursing
practice, while a nursing theory is a testable hypothesis that can be verified
or falsified by research.
d) A nursing model is a testable hypothesis that can be verified or falsified by
research, while a nursing theory is a set of assumptions and values that
shape nursing practice.
Answer: a
7. What are the three levels of prevention in public health nursing?
a) Primary, secondary, and tertiary
b) Individual, family, and community
c) Health promotion, disease prevention, and rehabilitation
d) Screening, diagnosis, and treatment
Answer: a
8. Who is considered the founder of modern nursing?
a) Florence Nightingale
b) Clara Barton
c) Dorothea Dix
d) Mary Seacole
Answer: a
6
, 9. What was the name of the first nursing school established by Florence Nightingale
in 1860?
a) St. Thomas' Hospital School of Nursing
b) Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing
c) Nightingale Training School for Nurses
d) Johns Hopkins School of Nursing
Answer: c
10. Which of these historical events had a significant impact on the development of
nursing as a profession in the United States?
a) The Civil War
b) The Great Depression
c) World War II
d) All of the above
Answer: d
11. What was the name of the first professional nursing organization founded in 1896?
a) American Nurses Association (ANA)
b) National League for Nursing (NLN)
c) International Council of Nurses (ICN)
d) Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada
Answer: d
12. Who was the first African American nurse to graduate from a nursing school in the
United States?
e) Mary Eliza Mahoney
f) Harriet Tubman
g) Sojourner Truth
h) Susie King Taylor
Answer: a
13. What are the five steps of the nursing process?
i) Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation
j) Observation, interpretation, intervention, documentation, and reflection
k) Data collection, problem identification, goal setting, action planning, and
outcome measurement
l) History taking, physical examination, laboratory testing, prescription
writing, and follow-up care
Answer: a
14. What is the primary goal of nursing?
a. To promote health and prevent illness
b. To diagnose and treat diseases
c. To provide holistic care to individuals, families and communities
d. To assist clients in achieving their optimal level of functioning
*Answer: c) To provide holistic care to individuals, families and communities
7
, 15. Which of the following is an example of a nursing intervention?
a. Ordering a chest x-ray for a patient with pneumonia
b. Administering an antibiotic to a patient with a wound infection
c. Assessing a patient's vital signs and pain level
d. Prescribing a medication for a patient with hypertension
*Answer: b) Administering an antibiotic to a patient with a wound infection
16. What is the best source of evidence for nursing practice?
a. Expert opinions and clinical experience
b. Textbooks and journals
c. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
d. Randomized controlled trials and clinical guidelines
*Answer: d) Randomized controlled trials and clinical guidelines
1. What is the difference between subjective and objective data?
a. Subjective data are observable and measurable, while objective data are not
b. Subjective data are obtained from the patient, while objective data are
obtained from other sources
c. Subjective data are based on facts, while objective data are based on opinions
d. Subjective data are influenced by personal feelings, while objective data are not
Answer: d) Subjective data are influenced by personal feelings, while objective data
are not
2. What is the purpose of the nursing process?
a. To provide a framework for planning and delivering individualized care
b. To evaluate the outcomes of nursing interventions and modify them as
needed
c. To establish a collaborative relationship between the nurse and the patient
d. To identify the patient's needs, problems and goals
Answer: a) To provide a framework for planning and delivering individualized care
3. Which of the following is an example of a SMART goal?
a. The patient will walk 10 feet with minimal assistance by tomorrow
b. The patient will improve his mobility by next week
c. The patient will feel less pain after taking analgesics
d. The patient will have normal blood pressure within a month
Answer: a) The patient will walk 10 feet with minimal assistance by tomorrow
4. What is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention?
a. Primary prevention aims to reduce the risk of disease, secondary prevention
aims to detect and treat disease early, and tertiary prevention aims to minimize
the complications and disability of disease
8
FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
NOTE: THIS STUDY GUIDE IS SPECIFIC TO ACTUAL 2025/26 EXAM
1. What is the primary goal of nursing?
a) To promote health and prevent illness
b) To diagnose and treat diseases
c) To provide comfort and care
d) To advocate for patients and families
Answer: a
2. What are the four main concepts of the nursing metaparadigm?
a) Person, environment, health, and nursing
b) Assessment, diagnosis, planning, and evaluation
c) Theory, research, practice, and education
d) Ethics, law, quality, and safety
Answer: a
3. What is the difference between a nursing model and a nursing theory?
a) A nursing model is a general framework that guides nursing practice, while
a nursing theory is a specific explanation of a phenomenon related to
nursing.
b) A nursing model is a specific explanation of a phenomenon related to
nursing, while a nursing theory is a general framework that guides nursing
practice.
c) A nursing model is a set of assumptions and values that shape nursing
practice, while a nursing theory is a testable hypothesis that can be verified
or falsified by research.
5
, d) A nursing model is a testable hypothesis that can be verified or falsified by
research, while a nursing theory is a set of assumptions and values that
shape nursing practice.
Answer: a
A
4. What is the primary goal of nursing?
a) To promote health and prevent illness
b) To diagnose and treat diseases
c) To provide comfort and care
d) To advocate for patients and families
Answer: a
5. What are the four main concepts of the nursing metaparadigm?
a) Person, environment, health, and nursing
b) Assessment, diagnosis, planning, and evaluation
c) Theory, research, practice, and education
d) Ethics, law, quality, and safety
Answer: a
6. What is the difference between a nursing model and a nursing theory?
a) A nursing model is a general framework that guides nursing practice, while
a nursing theory is a specific explanation of a phenomenon related to
nursing.
b) A nursing model is a specific explanation of a phenomenon related to
nursing, while a nursing theory is a general framework that guides nursing
practice.
c) A nursing model is a set of assumptions and values that shape nursing
practice, while a nursing theory is a testable hypothesis that can be verified
or falsified by research.
d) A nursing model is a testable hypothesis that can be verified or falsified by
research, while a nursing theory is a set of assumptions and values that
shape nursing practice.
Answer: a
7. What are the three levels of prevention in public health nursing?
a) Primary, secondary, and tertiary
b) Individual, family, and community
c) Health promotion, disease prevention, and rehabilitation
d) Screening, diagnosis, and treatment
Answer: a
8. Who is considered the founder of modern nursing?
a) Florence Nightingale
b) Clara Barton
c) Dorothea Dix
d) Mary Seacole
Answer: a
6
, 9. What was the name of the first nursing school established by Florence Nightingale
in 1860?
a) St. Thomas' Hospital School of Nursing
b) Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing
c) Nightingale Training School for Nurses
d) Johns Hopkins School of Nursing
Answer: c
10. Which of these historical events had a significant impact on the development of
nursing as a profession in the United States?
a) The Civil War
b) The Great Depression
c) World War II
d) All of the above
Answer: d
11. What was the name of the first professional nursing organization founded in 1896?
a) American Nurses Association (ANA)
b) National League for Nursing (NLN)
c) International Council of Nurses (ICN)
d) Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada
Answer: d
12. Who was the first African American nurse to graduate from a nursing school in the
United States?
e) Mary Eliza Mahoney
f) Harriet Tubman
g) Sojourner Truth
h) Susie King Taylor
Answer: a
13. What are the five steps of the nursing process?
i) Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation
j) Observation, interpretation, intervention, documentation, and reflection
k) Data collection, problem identification, goal setting, action planning, and
outcome measurement
l) History taking, physical examination, laboratory testing, prescription
writing, and follow-up care
Answer: a
14. What is the primary goal of nursing?
a. To promote health and prevent illness
b. To diagnose and treat diseases
c. To provide holistic care to individuals, families and communities
d. To assist clients in achieving their optimal level of functioning
*Answer: c) To provide holistic care to individuals, families and communities
7
, 15. Which of the following is an example of a nursing intervention?
a. Ordering a chest x-ray for a patient with pneumonia
b. Administering an antibiotic to a patient with a wound infection
c. Assessing a patient's vital signs and pain level
d. Prescribing a medication for a patient with hypertension
*Answer: b) Administering an antibiotic to a patient with a wound infection
16. What is the best source of evidence for nursing practice?
a. Expert opinions and clinical experience
b. Textbooks and journals
c. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
d. Randomized controlled trials and clinical guidelines
*Answer: d) Randomized controlled trials and clinical guidelines
1. What is the difference between subjective and objective data?
a. Subjective data are observable and measurable, while objective data are not
b. Subjective data are obtained from the patient, while objective data are
obtained from other sources
c. Subjective data are based on facts, while objective data are based on opinions
d. Subjective data are influenced by personal feelings, while objective data are not
Answer: d) Subjective data are influenced by personal feelings, while objective data
are not
2. What is the purpose of the nursing process?
a. To provide a framework for planning and delivering individualized care
b. To evaluate the outcomes of nursing interventions and modify them as
needed
c. To establish a collaborative relationship between the nurse and the patient
d. To identify the patient's needs, problems and goals
Answer: a) To provide a framework for planning and delivering individualized care
3. Which of the following is an example of a SMART goal?
a. The patient will walk 10 feet with minimal assistance by tomorrow
b. The patient will improve his mobility by next week
c. The patient will feel less pain after taking analgesics
d. The patient will have normal blood pressure within a month
Answer: a) The patient will walk 10 feet with minimal assistance by tomorrow
4. What is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention?
a. Primary prevention aims to reduce the risk of disease, secondary prevention
aims to detect and treat disease early, and tertiary prevention aims to minimize
the complications and disability of disease
8
