WGU D312 Anatomy & Physiology
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!!
Current Update!!
1. The cell organelle responsible for protein synthesis. - Correct Answer:
Ribosome
2. A stack of small, flat sacs of membranes in the cytoplasm that prepare
protein and fat molecules. - Correct Answer: Golgi complex
3. Membrane-bound cell organelles containing digestive enzymes that
disintegrate decayed cell parts and may also destroy viruses and bacteria. -
Correct Answer: Lysosomes
4. Lysosomal breakdown of a cell's own components. - Correct Answer:
Autophagy
5. The breakdown of cells by their own enzymatic action. - Correct
Answer: Autolysis
,6. The powerhouse of the cell that helps in ATP production and storage. -
Correct Answer: Mitochondrion (plural = mitochondria)
7. A porous double membrane barrier that separates the nucleus from the
cytoplasm. - Correct Answer: Nuclear envelope
8. A membrane-bound organelle that contains enzymes primarily responsible
for detoxifying harmful substances. - Correct Answer: Peroxisome
9. A group of extremely reactive peroxides and oxygen-containing radicals that
may contribute to cellular damage. - Correct Answer: Reactive oxygen
species (ROS)
10.A change in the nucleotide sequence in a gene within a cell's DNA. -
Correct Answer: Mutation
11.The "skeleton" of a cell; formed by rod-like proteins that support the cell's
shape and provide, among other functions, locomotive abilities. -
Correct Answer: Cytoskeleton
12.The thickest of the cytoskeletal filaments, composed of tubulin subunits
that function in cellular movement and structural support. - Correct
Answer: Microtubule
,13.Small appendages on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for
movement of materials across the cellular surface. - Correct Answer:
Cilia
14.An appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for
movement. - Correct Answer: Flagellum
15.A small, self-replicating organelle that provides the origin for microtubule
growth and moves DNA during cell division. - Correct Answer: Centriole
16.The thinnest of the cytoskeletal filaments; composed of actin subunits that
function in muscle contraction and cellular structural support. - Correct
Answer: Microfilament
17.A type of cytoskeletal filament made of keratin, characterized by an
intermediate thickness, and playing a role in resisting cellular tension. -
Correct Answer: Intermediate filament
18.What is the primary function of the cell membrane in regulating the
concentration of substances inside the cell? - Correct Answer: The cell
membrane regulates the concentration of ions, nutrients, and waste
products inside the cell.
19.What is passive transport? - Correct Answer: The movement of
substances across the cell membrane without the expenditure of cellular
energy.
, 20.What is active transport? - Correct Answer: The movement of
substances across the cell membrane using energy from adenosine
triphosphate (ATP)
21.What is diffusion? - Correct Answer: The movement of particles from an
area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
22.EX: The scent of perfume spreading in a closed room or sugar dissolving in a
cup of tea.
23.How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion? - Correct Answer:
Higher temperatures increase the rate of diffusion as molecules move
faster.
24.Why do oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) use passive transport to
move across the cell membrane? - Correct Answer: Because they can
easily diffuse through the lipid bilayer due to their concentration gradients
and do not require energy.
25.Why can't large polar or ionic molecules easily cross the phospholipid
bilayer? - Correct Answer: Because they are hydrophilic and are repelled
by the nonpolar tails in the interior of the phospholipid bilayer.
26.What is facilitated diffusion? - Correct Answer: The diffusion process
used for substances that cannot cross the lipid bilayer due to their size,
charge, and/or polarity.
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!!
Current Update!!
1. The cell organelle responsible for protein synthesis. - Correct Answer:
Ribosome
2. A stack of small, flat sacs of membranes in the cytoplasm that prepare
protein and fat molecules. - Correct Answer: Golgi complex
3. Membrane-bound cell organelles containing digestive enzymes that
disintegrate decayed cell parts and may also destroy viruses and bacteria. -
Correct Answer: Lysosomes
4. Lysosomal breakdown of a cell's own components. - Correct Answer:
Autophagy
5. The breakdown of cells by their own enzymatic action. - Correct
Answer: Autolysis
,6. The powerhouse of the cell that helps in ATP production and storage. -
Correct Answer: Mitochondrion (plural = mitochondria)
7. A porous double membrane barrier that separates the nucleus from the
cytoplasm. - Correct Answer: Nuclear envelope
8. A membrane-bound organelle that contains enzymes primarily responsible
for detoxifying harmful substances. - Correct Answer: Peroxisome
9. A group of extremely reactive peroxides and oxygen-containing radicals that
may contribute to cellular damage. - Correct Answer: Reactive oxygen
species (ROS)
10.A change in the nucleotide sequence in a gene within a cell's DNA. -
Correct Answer: Mutation
11.The "skeleton" of a cell; formed by rod-like proteins that support the cell's
shape and provide, among other functions, locomotive abilities. -
Correct Answer: Cytoskeleton
12.The thickest of the cytoskeletal filaments, composed of tubulin subunits
that function in cellular movement and structural support. - Correct
Answer: Microtubule
,13.Small appendages on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for
movement of materials across the cellular surface. - Correct Answer:
Cilia
14.An appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for
movement. - Correct Answer: Flagellum
15.A small, self-replicating organelle that provides the origin for microtubule
growth and moves DNA during cell division. - Correct Answer: Centriole
16.The thinnest of the cytoskeletal filaments; composed of actin subunits that
function in muscle contraction and cellular structural support. - Correct
Answer: Microfilament
17.A type of cytoskeletal filament made of keratin, characterized by an
intermediate thickness, and playing a role in resisting cellular tension. -
Correct Answer: Intermediate filament
18.What is the primary function of the cell membrane in regulating the
concentration of substances inside the cell? - Correct Answer: The cell
membrane regulates the concentration of ions, nutrients, and waste
products inside the cell.
19.What is passive transport? - Correct Answer: The movement of
substances across the cell membrane without the expenditure of cellular
energy.
, 20.What is active transport? - Correct Answer: The movement of
substances across the cell membrane using energy from adenosine
triphosphate (ATP)
21.What is diffusion? - Correct Answer: The movement of particles from an
area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
22.EX: The scent of perfume spreading in a closed room or sugar dissolving in a
cup of tea.
23.How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion? - Correct Answer:
Higher temperatures increase the rate of diffusion as molecules move
faster.
24.Why do oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) use passive transport to
move across the cell membrane? - Correct Answer: Because they can
easily diffuse through the lipid bilayer due to their concentration gradients
and do not require energy.
25.Why can't large polar or ionic molecules easily cross the phospholipid
bilayer? - Correct Answer: Because they are hydrophilic and are repelled
by the nonpolar tails in the interior of the phospholipid bilayer.
26.What is facilitated diffusion? - Correct Answer: The diffusion process
used for substances that cannot cross the lipid bilayer due to their size,
charge, and/or polarity.
