ANSC 3040 Animal Reproduction Exam|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS |\ |\
Conceptus - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔embryo or fetus +
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
extra embryonic membranes
|\ |\
Ootid - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔fertilized egg with two
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
pronuclei
Blastomere - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔embryonic |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
development starts with cellular divisions (cleavage) into |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cells called
|\
Morula - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔will then undergo first
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
round of cell differentiation and formation of ICM and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
trophectoderm
ICM - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔inner cell mass: will from
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
embryo proper |\
Trophectoderm - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔will form |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
structure around blastocyst = placenta |\ |\ |\ |\
,Hatching process - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. blastocyst
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
growth and fluid accumulation 2. production of enzymes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
by the trophoblast 3. contraction of the blastocyst
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Embryonic genome activation - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔degradation of maternal RNA and proteins |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
accumulated in ooplasm during oogenesis; embryo takes |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
'ownership' of gene expression and cell biology of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
blastomeres
when does embryonic genome activation happen? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ruminants: 8-16 cell transition
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
swine/human: 4-cell |\
mice: 2-cell
|\
timing of events up to hatching of blastocyst - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔2-cell 24 hrs after ovulation (oviduct)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4-cell 36 hrs (oviduct)
|\ |\ |\
8-cell 2-3 d (oviduct, uterus in mare and sow)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
morula 4-5 d (uterus)|\ |\ |\
blastocyst 4-10d (uterus) |\ |\
hatching 8-9 d (uterus) |\ |\ |\
13-15 d in bitches, 10-12 in queens
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,conceptus development in primates and rodents -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔attachment and implantation
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
starts shortly after hatching of blastocyst (hemochorial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
placentation, highly invasive) |\ |\
preimplantation development of bovine conceptus - |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔swine/ruminants: elongation of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
conceptus occurs after hatching |\ |\ |\
implantation in ruminants - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔apposition and adhesion of conceptus cells with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
endometrial cells |\
histotroph - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔secretes amino acids,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
proteins, saccharides, growth factors, lipids, minerals,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ions and vitamins
|\ |\
maternal recognition of pregnancy in bovine - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔secretion of IFN-t by trophectoderm, blocks
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
upregulation of oxytocin receptors so no pulsatile |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
secretions of PGF2aby the endometrium so CL is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
maintained and progesterone secreted |\ |\ |\
shallow implantation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d20 in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cattle and d16 in sheep
|\ |\ |\ |\
, bovine crosstalk - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ISGs: interferon
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
stimulated gene
|\ |\ |\
conceptus secreting prostaglandins and other molecules
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
changing physiology of endometrial cells, important for
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
modulation of maternal immune system, required for |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
maternal recognition of pregnancy and to induce
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
secretion of growth and nutrition factors
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
elongation of preimplantation conceptus - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔accumulation of elongation drivers (lipids)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in uterine lumen cause changes in trophectoderm biology
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and causes elongation (exposure to progesterone -->
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lipid droplets accumulation)
|\ |\
elongation causes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔cellular |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
reprogramming (from slow to fast differentiation) |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
rapid proliferation of trophectoderm cells becoming a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
filamentous conceptus and forming placenta |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cytoskeleton modifications (filamentous) |\ |\
cellular migration |\
preimplantation development of porcine conceptus - |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔shallow implantation starts d1;,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
at least 2 conceptus per uterine horn required to block
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
luteolysis (no blockage of PGF2a by IFN-t)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
swine can have multiple ovulation
|\ |\ |\ |\
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS |\ |\
Conceptus - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔embryo or fetus +
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
extra embryonic membranes
|\ |\
Ootid - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔fertilized egg with two
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
pronuclei
Blastomere - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔embryonic |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
development starts with cellular divisions (cleavage) into |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cells called
|\
Morula - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔will then undergo first
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
round of cell differentiation and formation of ICM and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
trophectoderm
ICM - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔inner cell mass: will from
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
embryo proper |\
Trophectoderm - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔will form |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
structure around blastocyst = placenta |\ |\ |\ |\
,Hatching process - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. blastocyst
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
growth and fluid accumulation 2. production of enzymes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
by the trophoblast 3. contraction of the blastocyst
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Embryonic genome activation - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔degradation of maternal RNA and proteins |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
accumulated in ooplasm during oogenesis; embryo takes |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
'ownership' of gene expression and cell biology of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
blastomeres
when does embryonic genome activation happen? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ruminants: 8-16 cell transition
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
swine/human: 4-cell |\
mice: 2-cell
|\
timing of events up to hatching of blastocyst - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔2-cell 24 hrs after ovulation (oviduct)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4-cell 36 hrs (oviduct)
|\ |\ |\
8-cell 2-3 d (oviduct, uterus in mare and sow)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
morula 4-5 d (uterus)|\ |\ |\
blastocyst 4-10d (uterus) |\ |\
hatching 8-9 d (uterus) |\ |\ |\
13-15 d in bitches, 10-12 in queens
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,conceptus development in primates and rodents -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔attachment and implantation
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
starts shortly after hatching of blastocyst (hemochorial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
placentation, highly invasive) |\ |\
preimplantation development of bovine conceptus - |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔swine/ruminants: elongation of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
conceptus occurs after hatching |\ |\ |\
implantation in ruminants - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔apposition and adhesion of conceptus cells with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
endometrial cells |\
histotroph - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔secretes amino acids,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
proteins, saccharides, growth factors, lipids, minerals,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ions and vitamins
|\ |\
maternal recognition of pregnancy in bovine - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔secretion of IFN-t by trophectoderm, blocks
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
upregulation of oxytocin receptors so no pulsatile |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
secretions of PGF2aby the endometrium so CL is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
maintained and progesterone secreted |\ |\ |\
shallow implantation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d20 in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cattle and d16 in sheep
|\ |\ |\ |\
, bovine crosstalk - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ISGs: interferon
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
stimulated gene
|\ |\ |\
conceptus secreting prostaglandins and other molecules
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
changing physiology of endometrial cells, important for
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
modulation of maternal immune system, required for |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
maternal recognition of pregnancy and to induce
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
secretion of growth and nutrition factors
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
elongation of preimplantation conceptus - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔accumulation of elongation drivers (lipids)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in uterine lumen cause changes in trophectoderm biology
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and causes elongation (exposure to progesterone -->
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lipid droplets accumulation)
|\ |\
elongation causes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔cellular |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
reprogramming (from slow to fast differentiation) |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
rapid proliferation of trophectoderm cells becoming a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
filamentous conceptus and forming placenta |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cytoskeleton modifications (filamentous) |\ |\
cellular migration |\
preimplantation development of porcine conceptus - |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔shallow implantation starts d1;,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
at least 2 conceptus per uterine horn required to block
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
luteolysis (no blockage of PGF2a by IFN-t)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
swine can have multiple ovulation
|\ |\ |\ |\
