Galen NUR 242 Exam 3 GI Set
2026 Exam Questions and
Answers | A+ Score Assured
GERD - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔gastroesophageal reflux disease
What causes GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔excessive relaxation of the lower
esophageal sphincter
What is the purpose of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) ? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔prevents contents of the stomach from going back up into the
esophagus
,What are the risk factors of GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔obesity, dietary items,
alcohol consumption, smoking, medications, hiatal hernia, pregnancy, NG
tube
Why is obesity a risk factor of GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔increases the
intragastric pressure which results in an increase in frequency of LES
relaxation
What foods can contribute to GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔fatty items,
chocolate, caffeine, citrus, tomato and tomato products, peppermint,
spearmint
What medications can contribute to GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔calcium
channel blockers (amlodipine, nifedipine), nitrates, anticholinergics
(loratadine, Zyrtec, Allegra), Beta Agonist, Nicotine, Progesterone
How does a hiatal hernia contribute to GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔stomach
moves into the chest cavity causing a weakened sphincter
What are the symptoms of GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔heartburn that is
worse with bending over or lying down too soon after eating, chest pain,
dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), odynophagia (painful swallowing),
, metallic taste, poor dentition (acid erosion), extraesophageal symptoms
(cough, hoarseness and wheezing)
Why are extraesophageal symptoms of GERD dangerous? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Typically indicate the patient has aspirated which can result in
pneumonia, lung damage, vocal cord damage, laryngitis
What condition can long term GERD lead to? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Barrett's
Esophagus which leads to esophageal cancer
How is GERD diagnosed? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔clinical signs and symptoms,
EGD, 24 hour pH monitoring and manometry
What occurs during an EGD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔tube with camera is
introduced down a patient's throat where biopsies can be taken as needed
When is an EGD in GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔If the clinician is questioning
the diagnosis or the patient is having complications of long standing GERD
What is 24 hour pH monitoring and manometry? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔transnasal catheter is inserted for 24 hours and detects changes in pH;
if the pH is less than 4 it is indicative of GERD
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2026 Exam Questions and
Answers | A+ Score Assured
GERD - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔gastroesophageal reflux disease
What causes GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔excessive relaxation of the lower
esophageal sphincter
What is the purpose of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) ? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔prevents contents of the stomach from going back up into the
esophagus
,What are the risk factors of GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔obesity, dietary items,
alcohol consumption, smoking, medications, hiatal hernia, pregnancy, NG
tube
Why is obesity a risk factor of GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔increases the
intragastric pressure which results in an increase in frequency of LES
relaxation
What foods can contribute to GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔fatty items,
chocolate, caffeine, citrus, tomato and tomato products, peppermint,
spearmint
What medications can contribute to GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔calcium
channel blockers (amlodipine, nifedipine), nitrates, anticholinergics
(loratadine, Zyrtec, Allegra), Beta Agonist, Nicotine, Progesterone
How does a hiatal hernia contribute to GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔stomach
moves into the chest cavity causing a weakened sphincter
What are the symptoms of GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔heartburn that is
worse with bending over or lying down too soon after eating, chest pain,
dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), odynophagia (painful swallowing),
, metallic taste, poor dentition (acid erosion), extraesophageal symptoms
(cough, hoarseness and wheezing)
Why are extraesophageal symptoms of GERD dangerous? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Typically indicate the patient has aspirated which can result in
pneumonia, lung damage, vocal cord damage, laryngitis
What condition can long term GERD lead to? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Barrett's
Esophagus which leads to esophageal cancer
How is GERD diagnosed? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔clinical signs and symptoms,
EGD, 24 hour pH monitoring and manometry
What occurs during an EGD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔tube with camera is
introduced down a patient's throat where biopsies can be taken as needed
When is an EGD in GERD? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔If the clinician is questioning
the diagnosis or the patient is having complications of long standing GERD
What is 24 hour pH monitoring and manometry? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔transnasal catheter is inserted for 24 hours and detects changes in pH;
if the pH is less than 4 it is indicative of GERD
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
