● Burr Conspiracy
○ In MA, the Essex Junto
CHAPTER 7&8
(Federalist people) wanted to
Sally Hemmings & Monticello
secede to make a northern
● Sally Hemmings was the enslaved
confederacy, and Burr agreed
wife of Jefferson
○ The accusation that Burr
● Scandal exposed by James T
wanted to create an
Callender
independent country with the
● Hemmings was his late wife Martha’s
land west of Mississippi River
half sister -> possible explanation for
and Louisiana Territory
this intimate connection
○ Him and James WIlkinson
● Was legally free in Paris, but chose to
hoped to lead an expedition to
return to Monticello plantation in
capture Mexico from Spanish
order to see her children freed and
○ Was arrested by Jefferson’s
family succeed
accusations
● Monticello architecture featured
many French elements
"Revolution of 1800"
Burr's role in the 1800 election and his
● First peaceful transfer of power from
treason plot
Federalists to Democratic
● Aaron Burr
Republicans
○ Registered Democratic
● Jefferson cut back from federal
Republican
taxes, and internal taxes like whiskey
○ Studied @ Princeton Uni
to maintain agrarian republic
● Burr and Jefferson tied for
● Continued the national bank and
presidency with 73 votes
tariffs
○ New York voted mostly for Burr
○ Shows that despite
and VA for Jefferson
disagreeing with Hamilton, he
○ Election went to House of
understood it was practical
Representatives
and kept it
○ Federalists including Hamilton
● Decreased the size of army and navy
chose Jefferson, mainly
-> strict interpretation of Constitution
because Jefferson was for the
● Repealed Alien and Sedition Acts ->
people while Burr was selfish
showed he was flexible
○ He became VP for Jefferson
● These were his ways of scaling down
○ Geographical balance in
federal government
system led to 12th
LA Purchase/Haiti
Amendment: separate votes
● CONTEXT: France got LA Territory
for President and VP
from Spain, but Jefferson and
● Hamilton had prevented Burr from
Americans wanted New Orleans as
becoming NY governor AND
that was a crucial place for trade for
president, so he is very pissed
farmers
●
● Haiti was one of France’s most
, profitable colonies, but the success ○ Marshall deemed it
of the Revolution allowed it to unconstitutional to force
become a free Black republic Madison to give Marbury this
○ Jefferson hated this, especially position under the Judiciary
because he profited most Act
from enslaved people and ○ RESULT: Judicial branch can
didn’t want his own to get determine law as
ideas constitutional or not (judicial
○ Washington provided aid to review)
France to fight Haiti Embargo Act
○ Led to France losing a lot of ● CONTEXT: Britain and France at war
money and resource depletion during Napoleonic Wars
○ No longer needed to send ● Impressment: the British navy was an
food to the Carribeans undesirable job so British instead
○ Gabriel’s Rebellion: planned seized American sailors to be in the
slave rebellion in VA that was Navy
found before executed ● France and Britain seized ships
● Napoleon sold the entire LA Territory; ● Banned all U.S exports to foreign
Jefferson at first hesitated because countries
the action of acquiring land wasn't in ○ Meant to economically
the Constitution, then decided on a pressure Brits and French to
looser interpretation. keep US neutrality
○ New Englanders hated this ○ “Peaceable coercion”
Lewis and Clark ○ Led to merchant and shipping
● After LA Territory, Jefferson wanted to economy to drop, esp New
map and learn about new territory England, unemployment rose
● Lewis and Clark documented wildlife ○ Smuggling occurred
and made relations with Native
American tribes Barbary pirates
○ Mandan Village ● North African pirates raided
○ Sacagawea was a Native merchant ships in Mediterranean,
American who served as a demanding tribute money
guide and translator here ● Jefferson originally refused to pay,
Marshall Court/ (1803), judicial review but in the end had to pay at lower
● Marbury vs Madison rates
○ Marbury was promised by
John Adams as a judge via War Hawks-Henry Clay and John Calhoun
midnight appointments, but ● War Hawks: congressmen from West
this did not occur before and South pushing for war with
Jefferson took office Britain
○ He took it to the Supreme ● CAUSES
Court to demand for office ○ Impressment
, ○ British continued harassment ○
during Embargo Hartford Convention
○ Desire for expansion into ● Meeting between New England
Canada and Florida Federalists at Hartford b/c they
■ Florida was where opposed War of 1812 with its
slaves fled to and destructive economic consequences
Native Americans ● Originally wanted to secede and
constantly raided make peace with Britain, but this was
○ Growing American outnumbered
nationalism ● Instead reasserted nullification and
Tecumseh and the Prophet proposed 7 amendments
● After an awakening from overcoming ○ Emphasized the ⅔ vote
alcoholism, Tecumsuh’s brother ○ End Virginia dynasty
preached about the corruption and ○ 1 four year term
evils of white society Battle of Fort McHenry and Francis Scott
● Invited Native American chiefs to Key's anthem
sign away 3 acres of land to US Gov ● After British burned Washington D.C.
● Wanted to unite Native groups east they moved onto Baltimore
of Mississippi to form a confederacy ● The Fort was blocking the harbor, so
to fight for their homelands British constantly bombarded it while
Americans resisted
William Henry Harrison-Battle of ● When the sun rose, the American flag
Tippecanoe (1811) could still be seen flying, symbolizing
● CONTEXT: Tecumseh was traveling the fort was still there
south and east to bring people into ○ Inspired Key’s “Star Spangled
confederacy, thus not at Banner” with the flag flying at
Prophetstown dawn
● Allowed Garrison to lead his army
and burn down the city Treaty of Ghent (Dec 24, 1814)
Andrew Jackson and Battle of Horseshoe ● Marked the end of the War of 1812
Bend, Treaty of Fort Jackson between British and America
● Battle of Horseshoe Bend ○ America: gave up demand for
○ Ended the Creek War renunciating impressment
○ Jackson versus Red Sticks, led and cession of Canada
to him breaking Creek ○ British gave up creation of
resistance Indian buffer state
○ Treaty of Fort Jackson: Creeks ● Greater nationalism
ceded 22 million acres of land ● Federalist party weakened
to US, ending the Creek War ● Set stage for Era of Good Feelings
○ Led to national fame for
Jackson, as people saw how Battle of New Orleans (Jan 8, 1815)
he reacted with resistance ● British wanted New Orleans because
, of location near Mississippi River steamboat ferry while Gibbons had
● Jackson had a very diverse army of federal license
soldiers, black soldiers, Native ● Argued whether NY state license or
Americans and pirates federal license was more important
● Americans had strong defensive (federal won)
position with the river nearby as well ● Commerce Clause allowed federal
as the muddy swamps government to control interstate
○ British lost 2k men commerce,
○ Americans lost 70
○ Super decisive and boosted Jackson's Seminole War campaign in
morale like crazy Georgia
○ Jackson is such a war hero!!! ● CONTEXT: JQA wanted Florida due to
Clay's American System so many Native American raids and
● Internal improvements to encourage fled slaves, so he negotiated with Luis
economic development: build roads de Onis
and canals ● Seminole Indians from Spanish
● Strengthen Second Bank of the US Florida raided American settlements
● Use tariff revenues to build the in southern Georgia
proposed roads and canals ● Due to this, Jackson invaded Florida
Marshall Court-federalist legacy without official orders
● Increased power of the Federal Gov ○ Enraged Spain, but JQC
● Strengthened the Supreme Court defended stating that the US
○ Cohens v Virginia where the had right to defend itself
Supreme Court can overturn against threats across the
state court decisions border esp bc Spain couldn’t
● Advanced the interests of the handle them
commercial class
○ Dartmouth College v Adams-Onis Treaty
Woodward determined that ● Spain ceded Florida to US in
government cannot violate a exchange for US giving up claims in
private contract Texas
● Expanded the powers of Congress: ● Major success for JQC
Implied Powers and Regulating
Interstate Commerce Monroe Doctrine
McCulloch v Maryland (1819) (Implied ● CONTEXT: Latin American Revolution
Powers) created new independent nations
● The state bank does not have the away from European powers like Holy
right to tax the federal bank Alliance and Spain
● The power to tax is the power to ● Written by JQC under Monroe, the
destroy Doctrine declared the new nations
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) free from colonization, and no
● Ogden had state license to operate European interference with their
○ In MA, the Essex Junto
CHAPTER 7&8
(Federalist people) wanted to
Sally Hemmings & Monticello
secede to make a northern
● Sally Hemmings was the enslaved
confederacy, and Burr agreed
wife of Jefferson
○ The accusation that Burr
● Scandal exposed by James T
wanted to create an
Callender
independent country with the
● Hemmings was his late wife Martha’s
land west of Mississippi River
half sister -> possible explanation for
and Louisiana Territory
this intimate connection
○ Him and James WIlkinson
● Was legally free in Paris, but chose to
hoped to lead an expedition to
return to Monticello plantation in
capture Mexico from Spanish
order to see her children freed and
○ Was arrested by Jefferson’s
family succeed
accusations
● Monticello architecture featured
many French elements
"Revolution of 1800"
Burr's role in the 1800 election and his
● First peaceful transfer of power from
treason plot
Federalists to Democratic
● Aaron Burr
Republicans
○ Registered Democratic
● Jefferson cut back from federal
Republican
taxes, and internal taxes like whiskey
○ Studied @ Princeton Uni
to maintain agrarian republic
● Burr and Jefferson tied for
● Continued the national bank and
presidency with 73 votes
tariffs
○ New York voted mostly for Burr
○ Shows that despite
and VA for Jefferson
disagreeing with Hamilton, he
○ Election went to House of
understood it was practical
Representatives
and kept it
○ Federalists including Hamilton
● Decreased the size of army and navy
chose Jefferson, mainly
-> strict interpretation of Constitution
because Jefferson was for the
● Repealed Alien and Sedition Acts ->
people while Burr was selfish
showed he was flexible
○ He became VP for Jefferson
● These were his ways of scaling down
○ Geographical balance in
federal government
system led to 12th
LA Purchase/Haiti
Amendment: separate votes
● CONTEXT: France got LA Territory
for President and VP
from Spain, but Jefferson and
● Hamilton had prevented Burr from
Americans wanted New Orleans as
becoming NY governor AND
that was a crucial place for trade for
president, so he is very pissed
farmers
●
● Haiti was one of France’s most
, profitable colonies, but the success ○ Marshall deemed it
of the Revolution allowed it to unconstitutional to force
become a free Black republic Madison to give Marbury this
○ Jefferson hated this, especially position under the Judiciary
because he profited most Act
from enslaved people and ○ RESULT: Judicial branch can
didn’t want his own to get determine law as
ideas constitutional or not (judicial
○ Washington provided aid to review)
France to fight Haiti Embargo Act
○ Led to France losing a lot of ● CONTEXT: Britain and France at war
money and resource depletion during Napoleonic Wars
○ No longer needed to send ● Impressment: the British navy was an
food to the Carribeans undesirable job so British instead
○ Gabriel’s Rebellion: planned seized American sailors to be in the
slave rebellion in VA that was Navy
found before executed ● France and Britain seized ships
● Napoleon sold the entire LA Territory; ● Banned all U.S exports to foreign
Jefferson at first hesitated because countries
the action of acquiring land wasn't in ○ Meant to economically
the Constitution, then decided on a pressure Brits and French to
looser interpretation. keep US neutrality
○ New Englanders hated this ○ “Peaceable coercion”
Lewis and Clark ○ Led to merchant and shipping
● After LA Territory, Jefferson wanted to economy to drop, esp New
map and learn about new territory England, unemployment rose
● Lewis and Clark documented wildlife ○ Smuggling occurred
and made relations with Native
American tribes Barbary pirates
○ Mandan Village ● North African pirates raided
○ Sacagawea was a Native merchant ships in Mediterranean,
American who served as a demanding tribute money
guide and translator here ● Jefferson originally refused to pay,
Marshall Court/ (1803), judicial review but in the end had to pay at lower
● Marbury vs Madison rates
○ Marbury was promised by
John Adams as a judge via War Hawks-Henry Clay and John Calhoun
midnight appointments, but ● War Hawks: congressmen from West
this did not occur before and South pushing for war with
Jefferson took office Britain
○ He took it to the Supreme ● CAUSES
Court to demand for office ○ Impressment
, ○ British continued harassment ○
during Embargo Hartford Convention
○ Desire for expansion into ● Meeting between New England
Canada and Florida Federalists at Hartford b/c they
■ Florida was where opposed War of 1812 with its
slaves fled to and destructive economic consequences
Native Americans ● Originally wanted to secede and
constantly raided make peace with Britain, but this was
○ Growing American outnumbered
nationalism ● Instead reasserted nullification and
Tecumseh and the Prophet proposed 7 amendments
● After an awakening from overcoming ○ Emphasized the ⅔ vote
alcoholism, Tecumsuh’s brother ○ End Virginia dynasty
preached about the corruption and ○ 1 four year term
evils of white society Battle of Fort McHenry and Francis Scott
● Invited Native American chiefs to Key's anthem
sign away 3 acres of land to US Gov ● After British burned Washington D.C.
● Wanted to unite Native groups east they moved onto Baltimore
of Mississippi to form a confederacy ● The Fort was blocking the harbor, so
to fight for their homelands British constantly bombarded it while
Americans resisted
William Henry Harrison-Battle of ● When the sun rose, the American flag
Tippecanoe (1811) could still be seen flying, symbolizing
● CONTEXT: Tecumseh was traveling the fort was still there
south and east to bring people into ○ Inspired Key’s “Star Spangled
confederacy, thus not at Banner” with the flag flying at
Prophetstown dawn
● Allowed Garrison to lead his army
and burn down the city Treaty of Ghent (Dec 24, 1814)
Andrew Jackson and Battle of Horseshoe ● Marked the end of the War of 1812
Bend, Treaty of Fort Jackson between British and America
● Battle of Horseshoe Bend ○ America: gave up demand for
○ Ended the Creek War renunciating impressment
○ Jackson versus Red Sticks, led and cession of Canada
to him breaking Creek ○ British gave up creation of
resistance Indian buffer state
○ Treaty of Fort Jackson: Creeks ● Greater nationalism
ceded 22 million acres of land ● Federalist party weakened
to US, ending the Creek War ● Set stage for Era of Good Feelings
○ Led to national fame for
Jackson, as people saw how Battle of New Orleans (Jan 8, 1815)
he reacted with resistance ● British wanted New Orleans because
, of location near Mississippi River steamboat ferry while Gibbons had
● Jackson had a very diverse army of federal license
soldiers, black soldiers, Native ● Argued whether NY state license or
Americans and pirates federal license was more important
● Americans had strong defensive (federal won)
position with the river nearby as well ● Commerce Clause allowed federal
as the muddy swamps government to control interstate
○ British lost 2k men commerce,
○ Americans lost 70
○ Super decisive and boosted Jackson's Seminole War campaign in
morale like crazy Georgia
○ Jackson is such a war hero!!! ● CONTEXT: JQA wanted Florida due to
Clay's American System so many Native American raids and
● Internal improvements to encourage fled slaves, so he negotiated with Luis
economic development: build roads de Onis
and canals ● Seminole Indians from Spanish
● Strengthen Second Bank of the US Florida raided American settlements
● Use tariff revenues to build the in southern Georgia
proposed roads and canals ● Due to this, Jackson invaded Florida
Marshall Court-federalist legacy without official orders
● Increased power of the Federal Gov ○ Enraged Spain, but JQC
● Strengthened the Supreme Court defended stating that the US
○ Cohens v Virginia where the had right to defend itself
Supreme Court can overturn against threats across the
state court decisions border esp bc Spain couldn’t
● Advanced the interests of the handle them
commercial class
○ Dartmouth College v Adams-Onis Treaty
Woodward determined that ● Spain ceded Florida to US in
government cannot violate a exchange for US giving up claims in
private contract Texas
● Expanded the powers of Congress: ● Major success for JQC
Implied Powers and Regulating
Interstate Commerce Monroe Doctrine
McCulloch v Maryland (1819) (Implied ● CONTEXT: Latin American Revolution
Powers) created new independent nations
● The state bank does not have the away from European powers like Holy
right to tax the federal bank Alliance and Spain
● The power to tax is the power to ● Written by JQC under Monroe, the
destroy Doctrine declared the new nations
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) free from colonization, and no
● Ogden had state license to operate European interference with their
