TEST 3 NUR 254 EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.
Hypothalamus - Correct Answer -brain region controlling the pituitary gland. Secrets CRH,
GN-RH, GHRH, SOMATSTATIN GHIH, PROLACTIN-INHIBITING HORMONE, AND
TRH
pituitary gland - Correct Answer -The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the
influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine
glands.
adrenal cortex - Correct Answer -outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes
(gluticocorticoids) cortisol, (mineralcortocoids) aldosterone, and sex hormones
adrenal medulla - Correct Answer -secretes (catecholamines) epinephrine and norepinephrine
Anterior pituitary gland - Correct Answer -Secretes tropic hormones such as thyroid
stimulating hormone (TSH), ACTH, growth hormone (somatotropic hormone), and the
gonadotropins, prolactin, melanocyte stimulating hormone
Posterior pituitary gland - Correct Answer -(Vasopressin)ADH and oxytocin
parathyroid glands - Correct Answer -small pea-like organs that secretes parathyroid
hormone (PTH) to regulate calcium and phosphate balance in blood, bones, and other tissues
Posterior pituitary disorders - Correct Answer -diabetes insipidus
SIADH
Posterior pituitary disorders - Correct Answer -Hormone: ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)
Target: Distal tubules and collecting ducts of kidneys
Action: Increases water reabsorption
1
,diabetes insipidus - Correct Answer -Decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH,
vasopressin) from posterior pituitary
Secondary to:
Brain tumors
Neuorsurgery
Head trauma
Clinical Manifestations Of Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Answer -Polyuria - Enormous output
of "water-like urine" w/ urine specific gravity < 1.005 (normally 1.010-1.030). ℅ nocturia.
Polydipsia - Intense thirst
Hemoconcentration - Elevated serum sodium (>145 mEq/L) and hematocrit (>50%)
Volume deficit - hypotension, tachycardia, tenting turgor, fatigue, prolonged capillary refill
Diagnostics of diabetes insipidus? - Correct Answer -Urine-Decreased urine osmolality
(<200 mOsm/kg) and urine specific gravity <1.005
Serum -Hypernatremia (Na >145 mEq/L)
Hematocrit increased (Hct >50%)
Osmolality increased (>300 mOsm/kg)
Water (fluid) deprivation test-All water withheld
Measure urine osmolality and body weight hourly
Normally urine osmolality increases to 2 to 4 times the serum. With DI the urine osmolality
doesn't increase and the serum osmolality continues to increase
CT or MRI to assess for cause (if not apparent)
Management of Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Answer -Replace Fluids:
P.O. water
Hypotonic IV fluids if unable to take p.o. (D5W)
Monitor for hyperglycemia, volume overload and slowly decreasing the serum sodium
2
,Replace ADH:
Desmopressin (DDAVP) or Vasopressin (Pitressin) - synthetic ADH (SQ, IN, or oral).
Monitor U/O, serum electrolytes, fluid status (skin turgor, cap refill, daily weight)
Complications of diabetes insipidus - Correct Answer -Dehydration/hypovolemia/circulatory
collapse
Hypernatremia w/CNS dysfunction (seizures, confusion, coma, etc.)
Nursing Diagnosis Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Answer -FVD, Risk for ineff therap regimen
Nursing Interventions Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Answer -Assess:
VS, weight, I&O, Visual acuity, Serum Na/osmolality/Urine specific gravity
Do:
Administer DDAVP, IVFs, p.o. fluids, mouth care
Teach:
Daily weights, Manifestations, FVE, Medications
The functioning of the endocrine system works on what type of system?
Negative feedback system
Positive feedback system
Alternating negative and positive feedback system
Closed loop system - Correct Answer -Negative feedback system
What is it referred to when an endocrine gland itself causes the hypersecretion or
hyposecretion of a hormone?
Primary disorder
3
, Secondary disorder
Tertiary disorder
Organ disorder - Correct Answer -Primary disorder
Which hormones of the body function to maintain the metabolism of the body? Select all that
apply.
T3
PTH
T4
FSH
CRH - Correct Answer -T3
t4
When a client is experiencing a lack of cortisol, which glands could be the cause? Select all
that apply.
Adrenal gland
Parathyroid gland
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland - Correct Answer -Adrenal gland
hypothalamus
pituitary gland
The client is experiencing problems with reabsorption of calcium. Which endocrine gland
requires evaluation?
Parathyroid gland
Pancreas
Hypothalamus
4
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.
Hypothalamus - Correct Answer -brain region controlling the pituitary gland. Secrets CRH,
GN-RH, GHRH, SOMATSTATIN GHIH, PROLACTIN-INHIBITING HORMONE, AND
TRH
pituitary gland - Correct Answer -The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the
influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine
glands.
adrenal cortex - Correct Answer -outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes
(gluticocorticoids) cortisol, (mineralcortocoids) aldosterone, and sex hormones
adrenal medulla - Correct Answer -secretes (catecholamines) epinephrine and norepinephrine
Anterior pituitary gland - Correct Answer -Secretes tropic hormones such as thyroid
stimulating hormone (TSH), ACTH, growth hormone (somatotropic hormone), and the
gonadotropins, prolactin, melanocyte stimulating hormone
Posterior pituitary gland - Correct Answer -(Vasopressin)ADH and oxytocin
parathyroid glands - Correct Answer -small pea-like organs that secretes parathyroid
hormone (PTH) to regulate calcium and phosphate balance in blood, bones, and other tissues
Posterior pituitary disorders - Correct Answer -diabetes insipidus
SIADH
Posterior pituitary disorders - Correct Answer -Hormone: ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)
Target: Distal tubules and collecting ducts of kidneys
Action: Increases water reabsorption
1
,diabetes insipidus - Correct Answer -Decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH,
vasopressin) from posterior pituitary
Secondary to:
Brain tumors
Neuorsurgery
Head trauma
Clinical Manifestations Of Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Answer -Polyuria - Enormous output
of "water-like urine" w/ urine specific gravity < 1.005 (normally 1.010-1.030). ℅ nocturia.
Polydipsia - Intense thirst
Hemoconcentration - Elevated serum sodium (>145 mEq/L) and hematocrit (>50%)
Volume deficit - hypotension, tachycardia, tenting turgor, fatigue, prolonged capillary refill
Diagnostics of diabetes insipidus? - Correct Answer -Urine-Decreased urine osmolality
(<200 mOsm/kg) and urine specific gravity <1.005
Serum -Hypernatremia (Na >145 mEq/L)
Hematocrit increased (Hct >50%)
Osmolality increased (>300 mOsm/kg)
Water (fluid) deprivation test-All water withheld
Measure urine osmolality and body weight hourly
Normally urine osmolality increases to 2 to 4 times the serum. With DI the urine osmolality
doesn't increase and the serum osmolality continues to increase
CT or MRI to assess for cause (if not apparent)
Management of Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Answer -Replace Fluids:
P.O. water
Hypotonic IV fluids if unable to take p.o. (D5W)
Monitor for hyperglycemia, volume overload and slowly decreasing the serum sodium
2
,Replace ADH:
Desmopressin (DDAVP) or Vasopressin (Pitressin) - synthetic ADH (SQ, IN, or oral).
Monitor U/O, serum electrolytes, fluid status (skin turgor, cap refill, daily weight)
Complications of diabetes insipidus - Correct Answer -Dehydration/hypovolemia/circulatory
collapse
Hypernatremia w/CNS dysfunction (seizures, confusion, coma, etc.)
Nursing Diagnosis Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Answer -FVD, Risk for ineff therap regimen
Nursing Interventions Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Answer -Assess:
VS, weight, I&O, Visual acuity, Serum Na/osmolality/Urine specific gravity
Do:
Administer DDAVP, IVFs, p.o. fluids, mouth care
Teach:
Daily weights, Manifestations, FVE, Medications
The functioning of the endocrine system works on what type of system?
Negative feedback system
Positive feedback system
Alternating negative and positive feedback system
Closed loop system - Correct Answer -Negative feedback system
What is it referred to when an endocrine gland itself causes the hypersecretion or
hyposecretion of a hormone?
Primary disorder
3
, Secondary disorder
Tertiary disorder
Organ disorder - Correct Answer -Primary disorder
Which hormones of the body function to maintain the metabolism of the body? Select all that
apply.
T3
PTH
T4
FSH
CRH - Correct Answer -T3
t4
When a client is experiencing a lack of cortisol, which glands could be the cause? Select all
that apply.
Adrenal gland
Parathyroid gland
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland - Correct Answer -Adrenal gland
hypothalamus
pituitary gland
The client is experiencing problems with reabsorption of calcium. Which endocrine gland
requires evaluation?
Parathyroid gland
Pancreas
Hypothalamus
4
