NURS 522 UNIT 2 VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What are some effects of smoking during pregnancy on the fetus? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Low birth weight and intrauterine growth
restriction (IUGR).
What is the teratogenic effect of alcohol on fetal development? -
CORRECT ANSWER- It directly affects fetal brain and physical
development.
Is there a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy? -
CORRECT ANSWER- No safe level exists.
What should high-risk women take preconception to prevent neural tube
defects (NTDs)? - CORRECT ANSWER- Higher doses of folic acid.
What type of testing is recommended for STI screening based on sexual
history? - CORRECT ANSWER- NAAT testing and serologies.
What is the rationale for referring a woman with a family history of
Fragile X syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER- Genetic screening and
possibly counseling are warranted.
What is the primary mechanism of protection provided by maternal
antibodies during pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER- Transplacental
antibody transfer.
What is the significance of maternal IgG antibodies in the third trimester?
- CORRECT ANSWER- They provide neonatal protection.
What is the impact of smoking on fetal health? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Increased risk of complications such as low birth weight.
,What is the recommended action for women with no comorbidities
regarding folic acid intake? - CORRECT ANSWER- Standard folic
acid intake, not necessarily 5 mg/day.
What is the role of prenatal vitamins in pregnancy planning? -
CORRECT ANSWER- They support overall maternal and fetal health.
What does the term 'IUGR' stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Intrauterine growth restriction.
What is the importance of risk stratification in STI screening? -
CORRECT ANSWER- It helps determine the appropriate testing
methods.
What is the importance of obtaining a comprehensive reproductive
history in preconception counseling? - CORRECT ANSWER- It helps
identify potential fertility issues and guides care planning by assessing
menstrual history, contraceptive use, previous pregnancies, and
pregnancy losses.
What key aspects should be included in a three-generation family history
for reproductive health? - CORRECT ANSWER- Ethnic background
and any heritable or genetic conditions, as certain populations have
increased risks for specific genetic disorders.
Which populations are associated with increased genetic risks for certain
conditions? - CORRECT ANSWER- Ashkenazi Jewish: Tay-Sachs
disease; African descent: Sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, G6PD
deficiency; Mediterranean, South Asian, Southeast Asian: Thalassemia,
G6PD deficiency; Indigenous peoples: CPT1 deficiency, Type 2
diabetes; Hutterite Brethren: Various autosomal recessive disorders;
Mennonite/Amish: Glutaric acidemia type 1.
What are the indications for referring a patient for genetic counseling?
- CORRECT ANSWER- Recurrent pregnancy loss, congenital
anomalies, intellectual disabilities, or a known family disorder.
,What lifestyle factors should be assessed according to the Government
of Canada guidelines for preconception health? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Substance use (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, opioids),
medication use (including teratogens), infectious risks (STIs and HIV),
nutrition and physical activity, occupational hazards, and immunization
status.
What dietary recommendations are made for individuals preparing for
pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER- A balanced diet rich in folate,
calcium, omega-3 fatty acids, and appropriate caloric intake, along with
folic acid supplementation of 0.4-1 mg/day for low to average risk and 5
mg/day for high-risk individuals.
What is the recommended amount of physical activity for pregnant
individuals? - CORRECT ANSWER- 150 minutes of moderate
physical activity per week, including aerobic, resistance, and pelvic floor
exercises.
Which vaccines are recommended during pregnancy? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Influenza vaccine (inactivated) and Tdap between 27-32
weeks gestation for passive fetal protection.
What vaccines should be updated prior to conception? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Live vaccines such as MMR and Varicella, which are
contraindicated during pregnancy.
What should be considered regarding medications during the
preconception phase? - CORRECT ANSWER- Some medications
have teratogenic effects (e.g., isotretinoin, valproic acid, methotrexate);
patients should not stop critical medications without guidance and should
consider safer alternatives.
What is the role of STI screening in preconception health? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Screen sexually active individuals for
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis, and HIV to prevent complications such
as infertility.
, What is the significance of folic acid supplementation in pregnancy? -
CORRECT ANSWER- It helps prevent neural tube defects and is
particularly important for women at high risk.
What should be assessed regarding immunization status in
preconception counseling? - CORRECT ANSWER- Check for
vaccinations against Rubella, Hepatitis B, HPV, and Influenza.
What is the recommendation for women taking oral contraceptives
regarding folic acid? - CORRECT ANSWER- Oral contraceptives may
deplete folic acid, so supplementation is recommended if pregnancy is
possible.
What is the importance of assessing occupational hazards in
preconception health? - CORRECT ANSWER- To identify potential
exposures to harmful substances such as solvents, heavy metals, or
radiation that could affect pregnancy.
What are the key components of a holistic assessment in preconception
counseling? - CORRECT ANSWER- Substance use, medication use,
infectious risks, nutrition and physical activity, occupational hazards, and
immunization status.
What are the potential risks associated with teratogenic medications? -
CORRECT ANSWER- They can cause developmental issues or
congenital anomalies in the fetus.
How can ethnicity guide genetic screening in reproductive health? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Certain ethnic backgrounds are associated with
increased risks for specific genetic disorders, guiding targeted screening.
What is the recommended action for treating pelvic inflammatory disease
(PID)? - CORRECT ANSWER- Treat promptly to prevent infertility
due to fallopian tube scarring.
What is the role of MotherToBaby in preconception counseling? -
CORRECT ANSWER- It provides resources to review drug safety and
assess the risks of medications during pregnancy.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What are some effects of smoking during pregnancy on the fetus? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Low birth weight and intrauterine growth
restriction (IUGR).
What is the teratogenic effect of alcohol on fetal development? -
CORRECT ANSWER- It directly affects fetal brain and physical
development.
Is there a safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy? -
CORRECT ANSWER- No safe level exists.
What should high-risk women take preconception to prevent neural tube
defects (NTDs)? - CORRECT ANSWER- Higher doses of folic acid.
What type of testing is recommended for STI screening based on sexual
history? - CORRECT ANSWER- NAAT testing and serologies.
What is the rationale for referring a woman with a family history of
Fragile X syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER- Genetic screening and
possibly counseling are warranted.
What is the primary mechanism of protection provided by maternal
antibodies during pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER- Transplacental
antibody transfer.
What is the significance of maternal IgG antibodies in the third trimester?
- CORRECT ANSWER- They provide neonatal protection.
What is the impact of smoking on fetal health? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Increased risk of complications such as low birth weight.
,What is the recommended action for women with no comorbidities
regarding folic acid intake? - CORRECT ANSWER- Standard folic
acid intake, not necessarily 5 mg/day.
What is the role of prenatal vitamins in pregnancy planning? -
CORRECT ANSWER- They support overall maternal and fetal health.
What does the term 'IUGR' stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Intrauterine growth restriction.
What is the importance of risk stratification in STI screening? -
CORRECT ANSWER- It helps determine the appropriate testing
methods.
What is the importance of obtaining a comprehensive reproductive
history in preconception counseling? - CORRECT ANSWER- It helps
identify potential fertility issues and guides care planning by assessing
menstrual history, contraceptive use, previous pregnancies, and
pregnancy losses.
What key aspects should be included in a three-generation family history
for reproductive health? - CORRECT ANSWER- Ethnic background
and any heritable or genetic conditions, as certain populations have
increased risks for specific genetic disorders.
Which populations are associated with increased genetic risks for certain
conditions? - CORRECT ANSWER- Ashkenazi Jewish: Tay-Sachs
disease; African descent: Sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, G6PD
deficiency; Mediterranean, South Asian, Southeast Asian: Thalassemia,
G6PD deficiency; Indigenous peoples: CPT1 deficiency, Type 2
diabetes; Hutterite Brethren: Various autosomal recessive disorders;
Mennonite/Amish: Glutaric acidemia type 1.
What are the indications for referring a patient for genetic counseling?
- CORRECT ANSWER- Recurrent pregnancy loss, congenital
anomalies, intellectual disabilities, or a known family disorder.
,What lifestyle factors should be assessed according to the Government
of Canada guidelines for preconception health? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Substance use (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, opioids),
medication use (including teratogens), infectious risks (STIs and HIV),
nutrition and physical activity, occupational hazards, and immunization
status.
What dietary recommendations are made for individuals preparing for
pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWER- A balanced diet rich in folate,
calcium, omega-3 fatty acids, and appropriate caloric intake, along with
folic acid supplementation of 0.4-1 mg/day for low to average risk and 5
mg/day for high-risk individuals.
What is the recommended amount of physical activity for pregnant
individuals? - CORRECT ANSWER- 150 minutes of moderate
physical activity per week, including aerobic, resistance, and pelvic floor
exercises.
Which vaccines are recommended during pregnancy? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Influenza vaccine (inactivated) and Tdap between 27-32
weeks gestation for passive fetal protection.
What vaccines should be updated prior to conception? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Live vaccines such as MMR and Varicella, which are
contraindicated during pregnancy.
What should be considered regarding medications during the
preconception phase? - CORRECT ANSWER- Some medications
have teratogenic effects (e.g., isotretinoin, valproic acid, methotrexate);
patients should not stop critical medications without guidance and should
consider safer alternatives.
What is the role of STI screening in preconception health? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Screen sexually active individuals for
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis, and HIV to prevent complications such
as infertility.
, What is the significance of folic acid supplementation in pregnancy? -
CORRECT ANSWER- It helps prevent neural tube defects and is
particularly important for women at high risk.
What should be assessed regarding immunization status in
preconception counseling? - CORRECT ANSWER- Check for
vaccinations against Rubella, Hepatitis B, HPV, and Influenza.
What is the recommendation for women taking oral contraceptives
regarding folic acid? - CORRECT ANSWER- Oral contraceptives may
deplete folic acid, so supplementation is recommended if pregnancy is
possible.
What is the importance of assessing occupational hazards in
preconception health? - CORRECT ANSWER- To identify potential
exposures to harmful substances such as solvents, heavy metals, or
radiation that could affect pregnancy.
What are the key components of a holistic assessment in preconception
counseling? - CORRECT ANSWER- Substance use, medication use,
infectious risks, nutrition and physical activity, occupational hazards, and
immunization status.
What are the potential risks associated with teratogenic medications? -
CORRECT ANSWER- They can cause developmental issues or
congenital anomalies in the fetus.
How can ethnicity guide genetic screening in reproductive health? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Certain ethnic backgrounds are associated with
increased risks for specific genetic disorders, guiding targeted screening.
What is the recommended action for treating pelvic inflammatory disease
(PID)? - CORRECT ANSWER- Treat promptly to prevent infertility
due to fallopian tube scarring.
What is the role of MotherToBaby in preconception counseling? -
CORRECT ANSWER- It provides resources to review drug safety and
assess the risks of medications during pregnancy.
