PATHOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
REVIEW 55 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
2025/2026
2. Has a known cause
3. Is a response to tissue damage
4. Can involve internal organs - CORRECT ANSWER Which of the following is
applicable to nociceptor pain? (Select all that apply.)
1. Is neuropathic pain
2. Has a known cause
3. Is a response to tissue damage
4. Can involve internal organs
5. Is only somatic
d. breakthrough pain - CORRECT ANSWER A patient who uses fentanyl (Duragesic)
patch for chronic cancer pain complains to the nurse of the rapid onset of pain at
a level 9 and requests "something for pain that will work quickly." The nurse will
document this as
a. somatic pain
b. referred pain
c. neuropathic pain
d. breakthrough pain
3. Often depressed - CORRECT ANSWER Which finding would the nurse expect to
recognize during the assessment of a person with chronic pain?
,The person is:
1. Experiencing tachycardia
2. Probably malingering (faking)
3. Often depressed
4. Hypertensive
a. impact the cognitive and affective components of pain. - CORRECT ANSWER A
patient with chronic abdominal pain has learned to control the pain with the use
of imagery and hypnosis. A family member asks the nurse how these techniques
work. The nurse's reply is based on the information that these strategies
a. impact the cognitive and affective components of pain.
b. increase the modulating effect of the efferent pathways.
c. prevent transmission of nociceptive stimuli to the cortex.
d. slow the release of transmitter chemicals in the dorsal horn.
c. endorphins - CORRECT ANSWER What substances are produced by the brain to
naturally counteract pain?
a. catecholamines
b. dopamine
c. endorphins
d. corticosteroids
2. tremors
3. drowsiness
, 4. hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER Meperidine has been prescribed for a client to
treat pain. Which side and adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? (Select
all that apply.)
1. diarrhea
2. tremors
3. drowsiness
4. hypotension
5. urinary frequency
6. increased respiratory rate
D. Withdrawal symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER Before administering
buprenorphine, the RN asks a pt. if he has used opioids. Administering a mixed
opioid agonist-antagonist to a pt. who is dependent on opioid agonists may cause
which of the following reaction?
A. Hypersensitivity reaction
B. Constipation
C. Urinary incontinency
D. Withdrawal symptoms
1. Naloxone - CORRECT ANSWER Which drug would be administered to precipitate
immediate opioid withdrawal?
1. Naloxone
2. Buprenorphine
3. Fentanyl
4. Tramadol
REVIEW 55 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
2025/2026
2. Has a known cause
3. Is a response to tissue damage
4. Can involve internal organs - CORRECT ANSWER Which of the following is
applicable to nociceptor pain? (Select all that apply.)
1. Is neuropathic pain
2. Has a known cause
3. Is a response to tissue damage
4. Can involve internal organs
5. Is only somatic
d. breakthrough pain - CORRECT ANSWER A patient who uses fentanyl (Duragesic)
patch for chronic cancer pain complains to the nurse of the rapid onset of pain at
a level 9 and requests "something for pain that will work quickly." The nurse will
document this as
a. somatic pain
b. referred pain
c. neuropathic pain
d. breakthrough pain
3. Often depressed - CORRECT ANSWER Which finding would the nurse expect to
recognize during the assessment of a person with chronic pain?
,The person is:
1. Experiencing tachycardia
2. Probably malingering (faking)
3. Often depressed
4. Hypertensive
a. impact the cognitive and affective components of pain. - CORRECT ANSWER A
patient with chronic abdominal pain has learned to control the pain with the use
of imagery and hypnosis. A family member asks the nurse how these techniques
work. The nurse's reply is based on the information that these strategies
a. impact the cognitive and affective components of pain.
b. increase the modulating effect of the efferent pathways.
c. prevent transmission of nociceptive stimuli to the cortex.
d. slow the release of transmitter chemicals in the dorsal horn.
c. endorphins - CORRECT ANSWER What substances are produced by the brain to
naturally counteract pain?
a. catecholamines
b. dopamine
c. endorphins
d. corticosteroids
2. tremors
3. drowsiness
, 4. hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER Meperidine has been prescribed for a client to
treat pain. Which side and adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? (Select
all that apply.)
1. diarrhea
2. tremors
3. drowsiness
4. hypotension
5. urinary frequency
6. increased respiratory rate
D. Withdrawal symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER Before administering
buprenorphine, the RN asks a pt. if he has used opioids. Administering a mixed
opioid agonist-antagonist to a pt. who is dependent on opioid agonists may cause
which of the following reaction?
A. Hypersensitivity reaction
B. Constipation
C. Urinary incontinency
D. Withdrawal symptoms
1. Naloxone - CORRECT ANSWER Which drug would be administered to precipitate
immediate opioid withdrawal?
1. Naloxone
2. Buprenorphine
3. Fentanyl
4. Tramadol
