PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM 233 QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025/2026
A. It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen. - CORRECT ANSWER What
is a desired outcome when a drug is described as easy to administer?
a. It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen.
b. It is usually relatively inexpensive to produce.
c. It does not interact significantly with other medications.
d. It can be stored indefinitely without need for refrigeration.
B
increase the urinary excretion of aspirin. - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is caring
for a child who has ingested a toxic amount of aspirin. The provider orders an
intravenous drug that will increase pH in the blood and urine. The nurse
understands that this effect is necessary to:
a. increase the serum protein binding of aspirin.
b. increase the urinary excretion of aspirin.
c. decrease the lipid solubility of aspirin.
d. decrease the gastric absorption of aspirin.
A
The patient is taking another medication that binds to serum albumin. - CORRECT
ANSWER A patient is receiving intravenous gentamicin. A serum drug test reveals
,toxic levels. The dosing is correct, and this medication has been tolerated by this
patient in the past. Which could be a probable cause of the test result?
a. The patient is taking another medication that binds to serum albumin.
b. The drug was not completely dissolved in the IV solution.
c. A loading dose was not given.
d. The medication is being given at a frequency that is longer than its half-life.
B.
It increases or decreases the activity of that receptor - CORRECT ANSWER What
occurs when a drug binds to a receptor in the body?
A. It prevents the action of the receptor by altering its response to chemical
mediators.
b. It increases or decreases the activity of that receptor
c. It gives the receptor a new function.
d. It alters the receptor to become nonresponsive to its usual endogenous
molecules.
B, C, E
affinity refers to the strength of the attraction between a drug and its receptor.
c. The affinity of a drug for its receptors is reflected in its potency.
e. Drugs with high affinity are strongly attracted to their receptors. - CORRECT
ANSWER Two nurses are discussing theories of drug-receptor interaction. Which
,statements are true regarding the affinity of a drug and its receptor? (Select all
that apply.)
Select one or more:
a. Drugs with low affinity are strongly attracted to their receptors.
b. Affinity refers to the strength of the attraction between a drug and its receptor.
c. The affinity of a drug for its receptors is reflected in its potency.
affinity and intrinsic activity are dependent properties.
e. Drugs with high affinity are strongly attracted to their receptors.
B
raises the pH of the interstitial fluid to facilitate passage out of the cells. -
CORRECT ANSWER A child ingests a parent's aspirin tablets, and the prescriber
orders sodium bicarbonate to block the toxic effects of the aspirin. The nurse
caring for this patient knows that sodium bicarbonate is effective against the
aspirin because it:
a. induces CYP isoenzymes to increase drug metabolism.
b. raises the pH of the interstitial fluid to facilitate passage out of the cells.
c. alters urinary pH to enhance renal excretion.
d. accelerates its passage through the intestine.
B.
, Some foods, such as grapefruit, can inhibit CYP isoenzymes and alter drug
metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER Which statement about food and drug
interactions is true?
a. Medications are best absorbed on an empty stomach.
bosom foods, such as grapefruit, can inhibit CYP isoenzymes and alter drug
metabolism
patient discomfort is the food and drug interaction of most concern.
foods alter drug absorption and metabolism but not drug action.
A.
Decreased elimination through the kidneys - CORRECT ANSWER A nurse is
teaching a patient about a drug that induces P-glycoprotein. The nurse will explain
that this drug may cause which effect on other drugs?
a.Decreased elimination through the kidneys
b.Increased brain exposure
c.Increased fetal absorption
d.Decreased absorption in the intestines
A, C, E
a. The increase in free drug will intensify effects.
c.Plasma levels of free drug will rise.
e. Binding of one or both agents will be reduced. - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is
administering morning medications. The nurse gives a patient multiple
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025/2026
A. It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen. - CORRECT ANSWER What
is a desired outcome when a drug is described as easy to administer?
a. It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen.
b. It is usually relatively inexpensive to produce.
c. It does not interact significantly with other medications.
d. It can be stored indefinitely without need for refrigeration.
B
increase the urinary excretion of aspirin. - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is caring
for a child who has ingested a toxic amount of aspirin. The provider orders an
intravenous drug that will increase pH in the blood and urine. The nurse
understands that this effect is necessary to:
a. increase the serum protein binding of aspirin.
b. increase the urinary excretion of aspirin.
c. decrease the lipid solubility of aspirin.
d. decrease the gastric absorption of aspirin.
A
The patient is taking another medication that binds to serum albumin. - CORRECT
ANSWER A patient is receiving intravenous gentamicin. A serum drug test reveals
,toxic levels. The dosing is correct, and this medication has been tolerated by this
patient in the past. Which could be a probable cause of the test result?
a. The patient is taking another medication that binds to serum albumin.
b. The drug was not completely dissolved in the IV solution.
c. A loading dose was not given.
d. The medication is being given at a frequency that is longer than its half-life.
B.
It increases or decreases the activity of that receptor - CORRECT ANSWER What
occurs when a drug binds to a receptor in the body?
A. It prevents the action of the receptor by altering its response to chemical
mediators.
b. It increases or decreases the activity of that receptor
c. It gives the receptor a new function.
d. It alters the receptor to become nonresponsive to its usual endogenous
molecules.
B, C, E
affinity refers to the strength of the attraction between a drug and its receptor.
c. The affinity of a drug for its receptors is reflected in its potency.
e. Drugs with high affinity are strongly attracted to their receptors. - CORRECT
ANSWER Two nurses are discussing theories of drug-receptor interaction. Which
,statements are true regarding the affinity of a drug and its receptor? (Select all
that apply.)
Select one or more:
a. Drugs with low affinity are strongly attracted to their receptors.
b. Affinity refers to the strength of the attraction between a drug and its receptor.
c. The affinity of a drug for its receptors is reflected in its potency.
affinity and intrinsic activity are dependent properties.
e. Drugs with high affinity are strongly attracted to their receptors.
B
raises the pH of the interstitial fluid to facilitate passage out of the cells. -
CORRECT ANSWER A child ingests a parent's aspirin tablets, and the prescriber
orders sodium bicarbonate to block the toxic effects of the aspirin. The nurse
caring for this patient knows that sodium bicarbonate is effective against the
aspirin because it:
a. induces CYP isoenzymes to increase drug metabolism.
b. raises the pH of the interstitial fluid to facilitate passage out of the cells.
c. alters urinary pH to enhance renal excretion.
d. accelerates its passage through the intestine.
B.
, Some foods, such as grapefruit, can inhibit CYP isoenzymes and alter drug
metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER Which statement about food and drug
interactions is true?
a. Medications are best absorbed on an empty stomach.
bosom foods, such as grapefruit, can inhibit CYP isoenzymes and alter drug
metabolism
patient discomfort is the food and drug interaction of most concern.
foods alter drug absorption and metabolism but not drug action.
A.
Decreased elimination through the kidneys - CORRECT ANSWER A nurse is
teaching a patient about a drug that induces P-glycoprotein. The nurse will explain
that this drug may cause which effect on other drugs?
a.Decreased elimination through the kidneys
b.Increased brain exposure
c.Increased fetal absorption
d.Decreased absorption in the intestines
A, C, E
a. The increase in free drug will intensify effects.
c.Plasma levels of free drug will rise.
e. Binding of one or both agents will be reduced. - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is
administering morning medications. The nurse gives a patient multiple
