NURS 5433 FNP II FINAL EXAM |
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+ | LATEST EXAM
gram positive bacteria
staph
strep
enterococcus
- everything else is gram negative
penicillins
MOA: inhibit bacterial wall synthesis by binding to and activating enzymes
that are essential for cell wall function
effective against gram positive bacteria
- strep throat
- ear infections
- syphillis
cephalosporins
MOA: inhibit cell wall synthesis
broad spectrum, effective against pos and neg bacteria, later generations
are more effective against gram neg
treat respiratory infections, UTIs, skin infections, bacterial meningitis,
pneumonia
cephalosporin generations
1 - cephalexin
2 - cefuroxime
3 - ceftriaxone
4 - cefepime
macrolides
MOA: inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
effective against primarily gram pos but some gram neg
,erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin
treat respiratory infections, bronchitis, pna, skin infections, STIs
flouroquinolones
MOA: inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis
broad spectrum +/-
ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
UTIs, GI infections, respiratory infections, skin infections
Risk of tendon rupture! Last resort abx
tetracyclines
MOA: inhibit bacterial synthesis
broad spectrum +/-
tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline
acne, respiratory infections, lyme, rocky mountain spotted fever, STIs
don't use in kids <8 y.o. unless RMSF
aminoglycosides
MOA: inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
gram negative bacteria
tobramicin, gentamicin, amikacin
treat sepsis, pna, UTIs, often in combo with another med
risk of ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockade
sulfonamides
,MOA: inhibits synthesis of folic acid in bacteria
gram + and some gram neg
bactrim, sulfamethoxazole
UTIs, ear infections, PNA
Live attenuated vaccines
MMR, varicella, nasal flu, rotavirus, yellow fever, smallpox
can cause fever and rash - normal!
must be given on the same day or at least 4 weeks apart, too close together
can interfere with effectiveness
AVOID in pregnancy and immunocompromised
do not give before 1 year old
When do you start giving flu vaccine?
6 months old
Do you vaccinate if the child is ill or febrile?
Yes
kawasaki disease
acute inflammatory condition that affects kids <5 y.o, inflammation of
blood vessels, can lead to heart problems
s/s:
fever >5 days
conjunctivitis
strawberry tongue
cracked lips, erythema in oral cavity
rash
edema and erythema of hands, feet
peeling fingertips
cervical lymphadenopathy
irritability
, Tx: IVIG 2g/kg and high dose aspirin
hj hj hj hj hj hj
Refer to Cardiology hj hj
diagnostic criteria of kawasakis hj hj hj
5 days of fever plus 4 of the following:
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
- bilateral conjunctival injection hj hj
- polymorphic rash hj
- cervical lymphadenopathy hj
- extremity changes hj
- oral changes, strawberry tongue
hj hj hj
Diagnose with echocardiogram and CXR hj hj hj hj
hj Tx: IVIG and aspirin
hj hj hj
Influenza Vaccine hj
can give 6 months and older, any trimester of pregnancy
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
contraindicated in Guillian Barre syndrome, otherwise can get even with hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
egg allergy
hj hj
Antivirals: oseltamivir, zanamivir, baloxavir, peramivir
hj hj hj hj
Fifth Disease
hj hj
viral illness caused by parvovirus B19 that primarily effects kids (5-15 y.o)
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
hj prodrome: low grade fever, headache, fatigue, cold like symptoms
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
Rash: "slapped cheek" rash and reticular lacy rash on trunks, arms, legs,
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
pink/red, lasts 1-3 weeks, irritated by warmth, friction, and sun
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
transmission: respiratory droplets and direct contact with secretions,
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
vertical transmission from mother to fetus
hj hj hj hj hj hj
management: supportive care - rest, hydration, infection control, monitor
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
blood cell counts
hj hj hj
Immunocompromised may get IVIG hj hj hj
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+ | LATEST EXAM
gram positive bacteria
staph
strep
enterococcus
- everything else is gram negative
penicillins
MOA: inhibit bacterial wall synthesis by binding to and activating enzymes
that are essential for cell wall function
effective against gram positive bacteria
- strep throat
- ear infections
- syphillis
cephalosporins
MOA: inhibit cell wall synthesis
broad spectrum, effective against pos and neg bacteria, later generations
are more effective against gram neg
treat respiratory infections, UTIs, skin infections, bacterial meningitis,
pneumonia
cephalosporin generations
1 - cephalexin
2 - cefuroxime
3 - ceftriaxone
4 - cefepime
macrolides
MOA: inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
effective against primarily gram pos but some gram neg
,erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin
treat respiratory infections, bronchitis, pna, skin infections, STIs
flouroquinolones
MOA: inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis
broad spectrum +/-
ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
UTIs, GI infections, respiratory infections, skin infections
Risk of tendon rupture! Last resort abx
tetracyclines
MOA: inhibit bacterial synthesis
broad spectrum +/-
tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline
acne, respiratory infections, lyme, rocky mountain spotted fever, STIs
don't use in kids <8 y.o. unless RMSF
aminoglycosides
MOA: inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
gram negative bacteria
tobramicin, gentamicin, amikacin
treat sepsis, pna, UTIs, often in combo with another med
risk of ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockade
sulfonamides
,MOA: inhibits synthesis of folic acid in bacteria
gram + and some gram neg
bactrim, sulfamethoxazole
UTIs, ear infections, PNA
Live attenuated vaccines
MMR, varicella, nasal flu, rotavirus, yellow fever, smallpox
can cause fever and rash - normal!
must be given on the same day or at least 4 weeks apart, too close together
can interfere with effectiveness
AVOID in pregnancy and immunocompromised
do not give before 1 year old
When do you start giving flu vaccine?
6 months old
Do you vaccinate if the child is ill or febrile?
Yes
kawasaki disease
acute inflammatory condition that affects kids <5 y.o, inflammation of
blood vessels, can lead to heart problems
s/s:
fever >5 days
conjunctivitis
strawberry tongue
cracked lips, erythema in oral cavity
rash
edema and erythema of hands, feet
peeling fingertips
cervical lymphadenopathy
irritability
, Tx: IVIG 2g/kg and high dose aspirin
hj hj hj hj hj hj
Refer to Cardiology hj hj
diagnostic criteria of kawasakis hj hj hj
5 days of fever plus 4 of the following:
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
- bilateral conjunctival injection hj hj
- polymorphic rash hj
- cervical lymphadenopathy hj
- extremity changes hj
- oral changes, strawberry tongue
hj hj hj
Diagnose with echocardiogram and CXR hj hj hj hj
hj Tx: IVIG and aspirin
hj hj hj
Influenza Vaccine hj
can give 6 months and older, any trimester of pregnancy
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
contraindicated in Guillian Barre syndrome, otherwise can get even with hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
egg allergy
hj hj
Antivirals: oseltamivir, zanamivir, baloxavir, peramivir
hj hj hj hj
Fifth Disease
hj hj
viral illness caused by parvovirus B19 that primarily effects kids (5-15 y.o)
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
hj prodrome: low grade fever, headache, fatigue, cold like symptoms
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
Rash: "slapped cheek" rash and reticular lacy rash on trunks, arms, legs,
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
pink/red, lasts 1-3 weeks, irritated by warmth, friction, and sun
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
transmission: respiratory droplets and direct contact with secretions,
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
vertical transmission from mother to fetus
hj hj hj hj hj hj
management: supportive care - rest, hydration, infection control, monitor
hj hj hj hj hj hj hj hj
blood cell counts
hj hj hj
Immunocompromised may get IVIG hj hj hj
