HSCI 190 Exam Review - All Modules QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

HSCI 190 Exam Review - All Modules
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QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS |\ |\




What is statistics? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the study of
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variation


What are descriptive statistics? What are some examples
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of descriptive statistics? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Summarizing and describing data so that patterns |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



become apparent |\




visualizations, measures of central tendency, variability
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What are inferential statistics? What are some examples
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of inferential statistics? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔analyzing data to make general conclusions about the
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way the world works
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SEM, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, t-tests,
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ANOVAs, correlations, regressions, non-parametric tests
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What is machine learning? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a
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technique derived from statistics that tries to learn
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patterns from raw data in order to make predictions
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,What are the three components that make up evidence-
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based medicine? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔clinical
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expertise (what has been learned in the profession?), best
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research evidence (what does literature say?), and
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patient values (what does the patient want?)
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What is evidence-based medicine? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔The practice of using research-based evidence, clinical
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expertise, and info about the patient's values and
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preferences to make clinical decisions on patient care |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Describe the study conducted by Wakefield et al. in 1998.
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What was it about? What was the outcome? What effect
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did it have on people? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The study
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concluded that there was an association between the
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MMR vaccine and autism spectrum disorder (even though
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there were many things wrong with the research
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methods)


the paper became popular and it influenced people's
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decision to vaccinate their children |\ |\ |\ |\




in 2010, it got removed from the journal it was published
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in because many researchers disproved the conclusions
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, still, today, people think that vaccines can lead to autism
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spectrum disorder because of this paper |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




How did statisticians prove Dr. Shipman was guilty? -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔They compared Dr. Shipman's
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patients' time of death to other physicians' patients' time
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of death - showed that most of Dr. Shipman's patients
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died at the same time (afternoon)
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What is the PPDAC cycle? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the
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problem, plan, data, analysis, conclusions cycle
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we use it to discuss statistical concepts
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What is categorical data? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Numbers are used to represent categories of info |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




qualitative in nature |\ |\




What is nominal data? Provide an example - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Info is grouped into unordered categories
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only the label has value - the number assigned to each
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category is pointless |\ |\