L5 Hepatitis Viruses
Name all Hepatitis Viruses:
A, B, C, D, & E
HEPATITIS B VIRUS
What is Hepatitis B Virus?
HBV is the most widespread type of viral hepatitis.
What is the prevalence rate of HBV?
More than 1/3rd of the world’s population is infected with HBV
What are the liver diseases that patients with HBV develop?
- Chronic Hepatitis
- Cirrhosis
- Primary Hepatic Cancer
Describe the structure of HBV:
It is a DNA virus with an outer envelope, an inner core, which enclosed the viral genome and a DNA
Polymerase.
What are the structural particles found within the outer envelope?
- A small, spherical particle that is predominant in the serum
- A filamentous/tubular particle
Antigenically identical and make up the surface component of HBV Ü HBsAg (Australia
Antigen)
What is the inner core of HBV?
It is a double walled spherical particle containing the Core Antigen (HBcAg/Dane Particle)
What is the third antigen of HBV?
HBeAg it is derived from HBcAg
found in the plasma during DNA replication
, What is the DNA structure found in HBV?
dsDNA, thus it contains both positive and negative strands.
What is the function of the DNA Polymerase?
- DNA dependent DNA polymerase
- RNA dependent reverse transcriptase
Where does HBV replicate?
Within hepatocytes
Where is the HBV DNA and viral proteins seen?
- Bone marrow
- Spleen
- Lymph nodes
- Circulating lymphocytes
How is HBV inactivated?
- Kept at 60°C for 1 hour
- Placed in 2% glutaraldehyde for 10 minutes
What is the incubation period for HBV?
40 days to 6 months, but usually it takes 2 to 3 months
What are the prodromal illnesses that HBV causes?
- Malaise
- Anorexia
- Weakness
- Arthralgia
- Myalgia
- Yellow Eyes/Skin
What happens during an acute case of HBV?
- Patients feel better when jaundice appears
- Stool is pale and Urine is dark yellow
Increased bilirubin, SGOT (AST), and SGPT (ALT)
- During this stage the virus replicates within hepatocytes
Viral DNA and C antigen will occur in the nucleus
S antigen occur in the cytoplasm
E antigen occurs in the cell membrane
- Both T and B cells will damage hepatocytes by Antibodies, Natural Killer Cells, And Cytotoxic T
Cells.
- Causes inflammation in the portal triads, lymphocytic infiltration in the liver parenchyma.
Name all Hepatitis Viruses:
A, B, C, D, & E
HEPATITIS B VIRUS
What is Hepatitis B Virus?
HBV is the most widespread type of viral hepatitis.
What is the prevalence rate of HBV?
More than 1/3rd of the world’s population is infected with HBV
What are the liver diseases that patients with HBV develop?
- Chronic Hepatitis
- Cirrhosis
- Primary Hepatic Cancer
Describe the structure of HBV:
It is a DNA virus with an outer envelope, an inner core, which enclosed the viral genome and a DNA
Polymerase.
What are the structural particles found within the outer envelope?
- A small, spherical particle that is predominant in the serum
- A filamentous/tubular particle
Antigenically identical and make up the surface component of HBV Ü HBsAg (Australia
Antigen)
What is the inner core of HBV?
It is a double walled spherical particle containing the Core Antigen (HBcAg/Dane Particle)
What is the third antigen of HBV?
HBeAg it is derived from HBcAg
found in the plasma during DNA replication
, What is the DNA structure found in HBV?
dsDNA, thus it contains both positive and negative strands.
What is the function of the DNA Polymerase?
- DNA dependent DNA polymerase
- RNA dependent reverse transcriptase
Where does HBV replicate?
Within hepatocytes
Where is the HBV DNA and viral proteins seen?
- Bone marrow
- Spleen
- Lymph nodes
- Circulating lymphocytes
How is HBV inactivated?
- Kept at 60°C for 1 hour
- Placed in 2% glutaraldehyde for 10 minutes
What is the incubation period for HBV?
40 days to 6 months, but usually it takes 2 to 3 months
What are the prodromal illnesses that HBV causes?
- Malaise
- Anorexia
- Weakness
- Arthralgia
- Myalgia
- Yellow Eyes/Skin
What happens during an acute case of HBV?
- Patients feel better when jaundice appears
- Stool is pale and Urine is dark yellow
Increased bilirubin, SGOT (AST), and SGPT (ALT)
- During this stage the virus replicates within hepatocytes
Viral DNA and C antigen will occur in the nucleus
S antigen occur in the cytoplasm
E antigen occurs in the cell membrane
- Both T and B cells will damage hepatocytes by Antibodies, Natural Killer Cells, And Cytotoxic T
Cells.
- Causes inflammation in the portal triads, lymphocytic infiltration in the liver parenchyma.
