NURS 307 PEDIATRIC NURSING EXAM READY - VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - COMPREHENSIVE LATEST
VERSION (2026-2027)
1. Q: What is the average weight gain for an infant in the first 6 months?
ANSWER Approximately 1.5 pounds (680 grams) per month, or doubling birth
weight by 6 months.
2. Q: At what age does the posterior fontanelle typically close? ANSWER
By 2-3 months of age.
3. Q: When does the anterior fontanelle usually close? ANSWER Between
12-18 months of age.
4. Q: What is the expected head circumference growth in the first year?
ANSWER Approximately 12 cm (5 inches) in the first year, with most growth
occurring in the first 6 months.
5. Q: According to Erikson, what is the developmental task of infancy (0-1
year)? ANSWER Trust vs. Mistrust - developing trust through consistent,
responsive caregiving.
6. Q: What is the developmental task for toddlers (1-3 years) according to
Erikson? ANSWER Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - developing
independence and self-control.
7. Q: At what age can most children walk independently? ANSWER
Between 12-15 months.
8. Q: When do children typically achieve bowel and bladder control?
ANSWER Bowel control around 24-30 months; bladder control around 30-36
months.
9. Q: What is parallel play? ANSWER Play characteristic of toddlers where
children play alongside each other but not together, typical between 2-3 years.
10. Q: At what age do children typically begin cooperative play? ANSWER
Around 3-4 years during the preschool period.
11. Q: What is the average weight gain for preschoolers per year?
ANSWER Approximately 4-5 pounds (2-2.5 kg) per year.
,12. Q: At what age can most children ride a tricycle? ANSWER Around 3
years of age.
13. Q: What is the developmental task for preschoolers (3-6 years)
according to Erikson? ANSWER Initiative vs. Guilt - developing purpose and
ability to initiate activities.
14. Q: When do children typically lose their first primary tooth? ANSWER
Around 6-7 years of age.
15. Q: What is the developmental task for school-age children (6-12 years)?
ANSWER Industry vs. Inferiority - developing competence and skills.
16. Q: At what age does puberty typically begin in girls? ANSWER
Between 8-13 years, with an average around 10-11 years.
17. Q: At what age does puberty typically begin in boys? ANSWER
Between 9-14 years, with an average around 11-12 years.
18. Q: What is the developmental task for adolescents according to
Erikson? ANSWER Identity vs. Role Confusion - developing a sense of self
and personal identity.
19. Q: What are the Tanner stages? ANSWER A scale of physical
development in children, adolescents, and adults measuring sexual maturation
from stage 1 (prepubertal) to stage 5 (adult maturation).
20. Q: At what age can infants typically sit without support? ANSWER
Around 6-8 months.
21. Q: When do infants develop stranger anxiety? ANSWER Typically
between 6-8 months of age.
22. Q: What is separation anxiety and when does it peak? ANSWER Fear
and distress when separated from primary caregiver; peaks around 12-18
months.
23. Q: At what age can children typically use scissors? ANSWER Around 4-
5 years with supervision.
24. Q: When do children typically achieve object permanence? ANSWER
Around 8-12 months, understanding objects exist even when out of sight.
25. Q: What is egocentrism in toddlers? ANSWER The inability to see
things from another person's perspective, characteristic of preoperational
thinking.
, 26. Q: At what age can children typically hop on one foot? ANSWER
Around 4 years of age.
27. Q: When do children develop the pincer grasp? ANSWER Around 9-10
months, using thumb and index finger to pick up small objects.
28. Q: What is the expected vocabulary size for a 2-year-old? ANSWER
Approximately 50-300 words with ability to combine 2-3 words.
29. Q: At what age do children typically speak in complete sentences?
ANSWER Around 4-5 years of age.
30. Q: What is concrete operational thinking? ANSWER Stage of cognitive
development (7-11 years) where children can think logically about concrete
events and classify objects.
Vital Signs and Assessment (Questions 31-60)
31. Q: What is the normal heart rate range for a newborn? ANSWER 120-
160 beats per minute while awake; may go up to 180 during crying.
32. Q: What is the normal heart rate for an infant (1-12 months)?
ANSWER 80-140 beats per minute while awake.
33. Q: What is the normal heart rate for a toddler? ANSWER 80-130 beats
per minute.
34. Q: What is the normal respiratory rate for a newborn? ANSWER 30-
60 breaths per minute.
35. Q: What is the normal respiratory rate for an infant? ANSWER 30-53
breaths per minute.
36. Q: What is the normal respiratory rate for a toddler? ANSWER 22-37
breaths per minute.
37. Q: What is the normal blood pressure for a newborn? ANSWER
Systolic 60-90 mmHg, Diastolic 20-60 mmHg.
38. Q: What size blood pressure cuff should be used for children?
ANSWER The cuff bladder width should be approximately 40% of the arm
circumference, covering 80-100% of the arm.
39. Q: What is the proper sequence for pediatric physical assessment?
ANSWER Least invasive to most invasive: observation, auscultation, palpation,
percussion. Examine painful areas last.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - COMPREHENSIVE LATEST
VERSION (2026-2027)
1. Q: What is the average weight gain for an infant in the first 6 months?
ANSWER Approximately 1.5 pounds (680 grams) per month, or doubling birth
weight by 6 months.
2. Q: At what age does the posterior fontanelle typically close? ANSWER
By 2-3 months of age.
3. Q: When does the anterior fontanelle usually close? ANSWER Between
12-18 months of age.
4. Q: What is the expected head circumference growth in the first year?
ANSWER Approximately 12 cm (5 inches) in the first year, with most growth
occurring in the first 6 months.
5. Q: According to Erikson, what is the developmental task of infancy (0-1
year)? ANSWER Trust vs. Mistrust - developing trust through consistent,
responsive caregiving.
6. Q: What is the developmental task for toddlers (1-3 years) according to
Erikson? ANSWER Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - developing
independence and self-control.
7. Q: At what age can most children walk independently? ANSWER
Between 12-15 months.
8. Q: When do children typically achieve bowel and bladder control?
ANSWER Bowel control around 24-30 months; bladder control around 30-36
months.
9. Q: What is parallel play? ANSWER Play characteristic of toddlers where
children play alongside each other but not together, typical between 2-3 years.
10. Q: At what age do children typically begin cooperative play? ANSWER
Around 3-4 years during the preschool period.
11. Q: What is the average weight gain for preschoolers per year?
ANSWER Approximately 4-5 pounds (2-2.5 kg) per year.
,12. Q: At what age can most children ride a tricycle? ANSWER Around 3
years of age.
13. Q: What is the developmental task for preschoolers (3-6 years)
according to Erikson? ANSWER Initiative vs. Guilt - developing purpose and
ability to initiate activities.
14. Q: When do children typically lose their first primary tooth? ANSWER
Around 6-7 years of age.
15. Q: What is the developmental task for school-age children (6-12 years)?
ANSWER Industry vs. Inferiority - developing competence and skills.
16. Q: At what age does puberty typically begin in girls? ANSWER
Between 8-13 years, with an average around 10-11 years.
17. Q: At what age does puberty typically begin in boys? ANSWER
Between 9-14 years, with an average around 11-12 years.
18. Q: What is the developmental task for adolescents according to
Erikson? ANSWER Identity vs. Role Confusion - developing a sense of self
and personal identity.
19. Q: What are the Tanner stages? ANSWER A scale of physical
development in children, adolescents, and adults measuring sexual maturation
from stage 1 (prepubertal) to stage 5 (adult maturation).
20. Q: At what age can infants typically sit without support? ANSWER
Around 6-8 months.
21. Q: When do infants develop stranger anxiety? ANSWER Typically
between 6-8 months of age.
22. Q: What is separation anxiety and when does it peak? ANSWER Fear
and distress when separated from primary caregiver; peaks around 12-18
months.
23. Q: At what age can children typically use scissors? ANSWER Around 4-
5 years with supervision.
24. Q: When do children typically achieve object permanence? ANSWER
Around 8-12 months, understanding objects exist even when out of sight.
25. Q: What is egocentrism in toddlers? ANSWER The inability to see
things from another person's perspective, characteristic of preoperational
thinking.
, 26. Q: At what age can children typically hop on one foot? ANSWER
Around 4 years of age.
27. Q: When do children develop the pincer grasp? ANSWER Around 9-10
months, using thumb and index finger to pick up small objects.
28. Q: What is the expected vocabulary size for a 2-year-old? ANSWER
Approximately 50-300 words with ability to combine 2-3 words.
29. Q: At what age do children typically speak in complete sentences?
ANSWER Around 4-5 years of age.
30. Q: What is concrete operational thinking? ANSWER Stage of cognitive
development (7-11 years) where children can think logically about concrete
events and classify objects.
Vital Signs and Assessment (Questions 31-60)
31. Q: What is the normal heart rate range for a newborn? ANSWER 120-
160 beats per minute while awake; may go up to 180 during crying.
32. Q: What is the normal heart rate for an infant (1-12 months)?
ANSWER 80-140 beats per minute while awake.
33. Q: What is the normal heart rate for a toddler? ANSWER 80-130 beats
per minute.
34. Q: What is the normal respiratory rate for a newborn? ANSWER 30-
60 breaths per minute.
35. Q: What is the normal respiratory rate for an infant? ANSWER 30-53
breaths per minute.
36. Q: What is the normal respiratory rate for a toddler? ANSWER 22-37
breaths per minute.
37. Q: What is the normal blood pressure for a newborn? ANSWER
Systolic 60-90 mmHg, Diastolic 20-60 mmHg.
38. Q: What size blood pressure cuff should be used for children?
ANSWER The cuff bladder width should be approximately 40% of the arm
circumference, covering 80-100% of the arm.
39. Q: What is the proper sequence for pediatric physical assessment?
ANSWER Least invasive to most invasive: observation, auscultation, palpation,
percussion. Examine painful areas last.
