HYPERTENSION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
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Medications Preferred in Specific Comorbid Conditions CORRECT ANSWERS
• Diabetes: ACEI or ARB
• For metabolic syndrome, ACEI or ARB or CCB
• Chronic kidney disease - ACEI or ARB
• Post-MI - ACEI or ARB, beta blocker
• Recurrent stroke prevention - Any effective antihypertensive
Heart failure
• ACEI or ARB, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, beta blocker, diuretic (loop preferred)
• For LVH - ACEI or ARB, CCB
High-risk CAD
• Beta blocker or CCB for angina
• ACEI or CCB for asymptomatic atherosclerosis
Diuretics CORRECT ANSWERS
• African American, elderly
• Thiazide diuretics are first-line anti-hypertensive drugs, either as
the sole agent or to enhance the effect of other.
• All lowers BP
• Effects antagonized by NSAID
Thiazides - HCTZ = Ascending loop
• Use chlorthalidone 12.5 to 25 mg/day. Second choice is hydrochlorothiazide. Both improve
cardiovascular outcomes.
• Useful in the presence of ISH, are inexpensive and efficacious.
• Helpful with osteoporosis because help preserve bone density.
• Thiazide diuretics reduce stroke and cardiovascular-related
mortality and morbidity; however, the clinician should choose antihypertensive therapy with
concurrent disease or comorbid conditions in mind.
• Causes Hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia. Occasional urticaria and skin rash;
postural hypotension; gastrointestinal (GI) distress; loss of appetite; impotence; vertigo.
• Thiazide diuretics are less effective when creatinine is ≥1.8.
• Increase glucose
• Increase creatine
, HYPERTENSION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
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Loop - Lasix - More potent diuresis than other thiazides but less effective in HTN management
• Indications: Mild to moderate HTN, CHF edema, HTN associated with Renal and Hepatic
disease, including Nephritic syndrome
• Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, Hyocalcemia, low magnesium, dehydration, postural
hypotension, tinnitus, hyperuricemia leading to gout, increased sensitivity to sunlight.
• HTN which cannot be adequately controlled w/ thiazides will probably also not be adequately
controlled w/ furosemide alone.
Caution:
• Severe renal disease, which may precipitate azotemia, and
• patients with impaired hepatic function.
Contraindicated
• Anuria, hepatic coma, or precoma; or known allergy or hypersensitivity to these or other
sulfonamide-derived drugs.
ACEI - generic names ending in -pril, such as captopril, enalapril, and lisinopril CORRECT
ANSWERS
• Effective in HF & MI w/ systolic dysfunction. Limit remodeling
• Effective when co-morbid Renal disease and DM present. Help preserve and enhance renal
function
• ACEIs are a component of Core Measures in the client
after an ACS.
• May be effective in the prevention of stroke.
Adverse RX:
• Avoid in pregnancy
• Hyperkalemia
• Renal adjustment is indicated in renal insufficiency.
Contraindications: Bilateral Renal stenosis
ARB CORRECT ANSWERS
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS BEST GRADED TO
SCORE A+ FOR SUCCESS
Medications Preferred in Specific Comorbid Conditions CORRECT ANSWERS
• Diabetes: ACEI or ARB
• For metabolic syndrome, ACEI or ARB or CCB
• Chronic kidney disease - ACEI or ARB
• Post-MI - ACEI or ARB, beta blocker
• Recurrent stroke prevention - Any effective antihypertensive
Heart failure
• ACEI or ARB, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, beta blocker, diuretic (loop preferred)
• For LVH - ACEI or ARB, CCB
High-risk CAD
• Beta blocker or CCB for angina
• ACEI or CCB for asymptomatic atherosclerosis
Diuretics CORRECT ANSWERS
• African American, elderly
• Thiazide diuretics are first-line anti-hypertensive drugs, either as
the sole agent or to enhance the effect of other.
• All lowers BP
• Effects antagonized by NSAID
Thiazides - HCTZ = Ascending loop
• Use chlorthalidone 12.5 to 25 mg/day. Second choice is hydrochlorothiazide. Both improve
cardiovascular outcomes.
• Useful in the presence of ISH, are inexpensive and efficacious.
• Helpful with osteoporosis because help preserve bone density.
• Thiazide diuretics reduce stroke and cardiovascular-related
mortality and morbidity; however, the clinician should choose antihypertensive therapy with
concurrent disease or comorbid conditions in mind.
• Causes Hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia. Occasional urticaria and skin rash;
postural hypotension; gastrointestinal (GI) distress; loss of appetite; impotence; vertigo.
• Thiazide diuretics are less effective when creatinine is ≥1.8.
• Increase glucose
• Increase creatine
, HYPERTENSION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
DOWNLOADED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS BEST GRADED TO
SCORE A+ FOR SUCCESS
Loop - Lasix - More potent diuresis than other thiazides but less effective in HTN management
• Indications: Mild to moderate HTN, CHF edema, HTN associated with Renal and Hepatic
disease, including Nephritic syndrome
• Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, Hyocalcemia, low magnesium, dehydration, postural
hypotension, tinnitus, hyperuricemia leading to gout, increased sensitivity to sunlight.
• HTN which cannot be adequately controlled w/ thiazides will probably also not be adequately
controlled w/ furosemide alone.
Caution:
• Severe renal disease, which may precipitate azotemia, and
• patients with impaired hepatic function.
Contraindicated
• Anuria, hepatic coma, or precoma; or known allergy or hypersensitivity to these or other
sulfonamide-derived drugs.
ACEI - generic names ending in -pril, such as captopril, enalapril, and lisinopril CORRECT
ANSWERS
• Effective in HF & MI w/ systolic dysfunction. Limit remodeling
• Effective when co-morbid Renal disease and DM present. Help preserve and enhance renal
function
• ACEIs are a component of Core Measures in the client
after an ACS.
• May be effective in the prevention of stroke.
Adverse RX:
• Avoid in pregnancy
• Hyperkalemia
• Renal adjustment is indicated in renal insufficiency.
Contraindications: Bilateral Renal stenosis
ARB CORRECT ANSWERS
