BICH 410-EXAM 1 TAMU || 100% Errorless.
1.1 Which of the functional groups give a molecule a positive charge? Which give a molecule a
negative charge? correct answers An amino or imino group gives a molecule a positive charge; a
car- boxylate or phosphoryl group gives a molecule a negative charge.
1.3 Which reactions tend to be characterized by an increase in entropy? condensation or
hydrolysis? correct answers Hydrolysis reactions tend to occur with an increase in entropy
because the highly order poler is being broken down into separate units, causing more disorder!
1.5 According to molecular sequence data, tow which prokaryotic group are eukaryotes more
closely related? correct answers data indicates it being closer to archaea than eurobacteria
1.7 Does entropy increase or decrease in the following process?
a. N2+3H2-->2NH3
b. urea +H2O--> Co2 +2NH3 correct answers a. Entropy decreases
-you have to monomer forming a polymer through a condensation reaction, thus becoming more
ordered, which decreases entropy
b. Entropy increases
-you have a polymer breaking down into monomers through hydrolysis, this becoming more
disordered, which increases the entropy.
1.9 T or F A reaction is said to be spontaneous when it can proceed in either the forward or
reverse direction correct answers False
A spontaneous reaction occurs only in ONE direction
1.9 T or F A spontaneous process always happens very quickly correct answers False
Thermodynamics does not specify the rate of a reaction
1.9 T or F A non spontaneous reaction will proceed spontaneously in the reverse direction
correct answers True
A reaction is spontaneous as long as the Δ S> ΔH/T
1.11 For the reaction A-->B at 298K, the change in enthalpy is -7kJ/mol and the change in
entropy is -25J/K. mol
Is the reaction spontaneous? if not, should the temperature be increased or decreased? correct
answers 450 J/mol
-The reaction is non spontaneous because Δ G>0!
-The temperature must be decreases in order to decrease the value of the T Δ S term
Which three cellular components are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes? correct
answers RNA, DNA, and Ribosomes
, Phylogeny correct answers is the science of biological classification based on the evolutionary
relationships between organisms
Taxonomy correct answers is the science of biological classification based on gross morphology
What are the four most abundant elements found in a human body? correct answers C, H, O, N
The second law of thermodynamics states: correct answers that spontaneous processes are
characterized by the overall conversion of order to disorder
Change in enthalpy (ΔH) is defined as? correct answers the sum of energy available to do work
and energy unavailable to do work
[H=G+TS]
-H is the total energy
-G is the energy available to do work
-S is the energy unavailable to do work.
if gas molecules in an enclosed chamber are allowed to enter a second chamber, the resulting
redistribution of gas molecules represents an increase in? correct answers entropy
-why? because it is becoming more disordered. (refer to pic on ch.1 slide)
1.13 consider the reaction A+B-->C+D. after reaching equilibrium at 25 degrees celsius, the
following concentrations for the reactants and products were measured:
[A]=10
[B]=15
[C]=10
[D]=10
Calculate delta G not prime for this reaction correct answers 1 kj/ mol
A reaction with a ___ ΔH and ___ ΔS will never be spontaneous correct answers -Positive ΔH
-Negative ΔS
An endergonic reaction with a __ ΔH and a __ΔS can be changed into an exergonic reaction by
decreasing the temperature correct answers negative, negative
For a reaction with ΔH=23 kJ and ΔS=22 J/K.mol, at 2 degrees celsius, the reaction is? correct
answers Opposed (unfavorable) because it is non-spontaneous at low temperatures
(ΔG=17), +ΔG=unfavorable
Calculate ΔG for a reaction with ΔH=20 KJ and ΔS=20J/k.mol with a temperature of 27 celsius
correct answers 14 Kj/mol or 14,000 J/mol
A spontaneous process correct answers -occurs without the addition of free energy
-has a ΔG<0
-is exergonic
1.1 Which of the functional groups give a molecule a positive charge? Which give a molecule a
negative charge? correct answers An amino or imino group gives a molecule a positive charge; a
car- boxylate or phosphoryl group gives a molecule a negative charge.
1.3 Which reactions tend to be characterized by an increase in entropy? condensation or
hydrolysis? correct answers Hydrolysis reactions tend to occur with an increase in entropy
because the highly order poler is being broken down into separate units, causing more disorder!
1.5 According to molecular sequence data, tow which prokaryotic group are eukaryotes more
closely related? correct answers data indicates it being closer to archaea than eurobacteria
1.7 Does entropy increase or decrease in the following process?
a. N2+3H2-->2NH3
b. urea +H2O--> Co2 +2NH3 correct answers a. Entropy decreases
-you have to monomer forming a polymer through a condensation reaction, thus becoming more
ordered, which decreases entropy
b. Entropy increases
-you have a polymer breaking down into monomers through hydrolysis, this becoming more
disordered, which increases the entropy.
1.9 T or F A reaction is said to be spontaneous when it can proceed in either the forward or
reverse direction correct answers False
A spontaneous reaction occurs only in ONE direction
1.9 T or F A spontaneous process always happens very quickly correct answers False
Thermodynamics does not specify the rate of a reaction
1.9 T or F A non spontaneous reaction will proceed spontaneously in the reverse direction
correct answers True
A reaction is spontaneous as long as the Δ S> ΔH/T
1.11 For the reaction A-->B at 298K, the change in enthalpy is -7kJ/mol and the change in
entropy is -25J/K. mol
Is the reaction spontaneous? if not, should the temperature be increased or decreased? correct
answers 450 J/mol
-The reaction is non spontaneous because Δ G>0!
-The temperature must be decreases in order to decrease the value of the T Δ S term
Which three cellular components are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes? correct
answers RNA, DNA, and Ribosomes
, Phylogeny correct answers is the science of biological classification based on the evolutionary
relationships between organisms
Taxonomy correct answers is the science of biological classification based on gross morphology
What are the four most abundant elements found in a human body? correct answers C, H, O, N
The second law of thermodynamics states: correct answers that spontaneous processes are
characterized by the overall conversion of order to disorder
Change in enthalpy (ΔH) is defined as? correct answers the sum of energy available to do work
and energy unavailable to do work
[H=G+TS]
-H is the total energy
-G is the energy available to do work
-S is the energy unavailable to do work.
if gas molecules in an enclosed chamber are allowed to enter a second chamber, the resulting
redistribution of gas molecules represents an increase in? correct answers entropy
-why? because it is becoming more disordered. (refer to pic on ch.1 slide)
1.13 consider the reaction A+B-->C+D. after reaching equilibrium at 25 degrees celsius, the
following concentrations for the reactants and products were measured:
[A]=10
[B]=15
[C]=10
[D]=10
Calculate delta G not prime for this reaction correct answers 1 kj/ mol
A reaction with a ___ ΔH and ___ ΔS will never be spontaneous correct answers -Positive ΔH
-Negative ΔS
An endergonic reaction with a __ ΔH and a __ΔS can be changed into an exergonic reaction by
decreasing the temperature correct answers negative, negative
For a reaction with ΔH=23 kJ and ΔS=22 J/K.mol, at 2 degrees celsius, the reaction is? correct
answers Opposed (unfavorable) because it is non-spontaneous at low temperatures
(ΔG=17), +ΔG=unfavorable
Calculate ΔG for a reaction with ΔH=20 KJ and ΔS=20J/k.mol with a temperature of 27 celsius
correct answers 14 Kj/mol or 14,000 J/mol
A spontaneous process correct answers -occurs without the addition of free energy
-has a ΔG<0
-is exergonic
