IB Philosophy
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1. Six core themes of philosophy Answer: Human nature, freedom, the self and the
other, mind and body, identity, personhood
2. Human nature Answer: Individuality and universality; nature versus nurture debate; scientific
perspectives; emotion and reason
3. Freedom Answer: Freedom and determinism; social conditioning; existential angst
4. The self and the other Answer: Self/non-self; solipsism and intersubjectivity; authenticity
5. The mind and body Answer: The mind-body problem; the problem of other minds;
consciousness
6. Identity Answer: Personal identity; identity over time; social and cultural identity
7. Personhood Answer: Self-consciousness; agency; responsibility and authenticity
8. Thomas Hobbes on the state of nature Answer: Unpleasant, anarchist, evil. No
strong gov't to protect it from a war of all against all. Human nature unmonitored by the gov't
would be the undoing of all humans. Humans are always seeking "felicity," the continual success in
achieving objects of desire. They also desire reputation to be the alpha. They would kill to possess
objects and those weaker than them to appear stronger. Morality wouldn't exist bc laws wouldn't; there
would only be self-preservation. A state of war.
9. John Locke on the state of nature Answer: Hobbes' notion that a state of nature=state
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