BIO A 355 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
100% PASS
cortisol - ANSWER stress hormone
inc energy
suppressed immunity, growth, repro function, tissue repair
long term problems
naturalistic fallacy - ANSWER natural = good
racist crosswalks - ANSWER blacks got passed by 2x cars
waiter 32% longer
double jeopardy hypothesis - ANSWER black and female worse discrimination (not fully
supported)
males and mortality - ANSWER higher than females
elephant seals - ANSWER ex of sexual dimorphism
only top males reproduce
10x larger than females
bateman's principle - ANSWER females have cap of repro success, males have no cap
sexual dimorphism in hominins - ANSWER gradually lessened over time
male biology - ANSWER favors short term gains over long term survival
, ex for male biology - ANSWER testosterone - energy immune
muscle - energetically costly
ewald ideas - ANSWER pathogens live in humans
cannot reproduce if humans die
evolution should select for commensal relationship
virulence - ANSWER harm done measured as increased mortality, decreased fecundity
virulence lh tradeoff - ANSWER higher repro rate of pathogen leads to higher virulence
but also shorter lifespan of host
direct transmission selects for what level of virulence? - ANSWER low virulence
bc: to spread directly you need healthy host
ex common cold
virulence with vector transmisison (insects) selects for? - ANSWER high virulence
bc: requires intermediary, host does not spread it so there is no need to keep host alive
ex malaria, plague
virulence with waterborne pathogens selects for? - ANSWER high virulence
bc: spread indirectly by water used by host, no direct transmission by host required
ex salmonella, cholera
virulence with attendant-borne pathogens selects for? - ANSWER high virulence
bc: attendants in contact w/infected can transmit to others under care, no need for
mobile host
100% PASS
cortisol - ANSWER stress hormone
inc energy
suppressed immunity, growth, repro function, tissue repair
long term problems
naturalistic fallacy - ANSWER natural = good
racist crosswalks - ANSWER blacks got passed by 2x cars
waiter 32% longer
double jeopardy hypothesis - ANSWER black and female worse discrimination (not fully
supported)
males and mortality - ANSWER higher than females
elephant seals - ANSWER ex of sexual dimorphism
only top males reproduce
10x larger than females
bateman's principle - ANSWER females have cap of repro success, males have no cap
sexual dimorphism in hominins - ANSWER gradually lessened over time
male biology - ANSWER favors short term gains over long term survival
, ex for male biology - ANSWER testosterone - energy immune
muscle - energetically costly
ewald ideas - ANSWER pathogens live in humans
cannot reproduce if humans die
evolution should select for commensal relationship
virulence - ANSWER harm done measured as increased mortality, decreased fecundity
virulence lh tradeoff - ANSWER higher repro rate of pathogen leads to higher virulence
but also shorter lifespan of host
direct transmission selects for what level of virulence? - ANSWER low virulence
bc: to spread directly you need healthy host
ex common cold
virulence with vector transmisison (insects) selects for? - ANSWER high virulence
bc: requires intermediary, host does not spread it so there is no need to keep host alive
ex malaria, plague
virulence with waterborne pathogens selects for? - ANSWER high virulence
bc: spread indirectly by water used by host, no direct transmission by host required
ex salmonella, cholera
virulence with attendant-borne pathogens selects for? - ANSWER high virulence
bc: attendants in contact w/infected can transmit to others under care, no need for
mobile host
