Chapter 1-7 CNA Test Review Questions and Answers

Chapter 1-7 CNA Test Review Questions and Answers What is long-term care? Care given in long-term care facilities for people who need 24 hour skilled care Home healthcare: Care that takes place in a persons home Assisted living facilities: residences for people who do not need skilled, 24-hour care, but do require some help with daily care Adult day services: Care for people who need some assistance / supervision during certain hours, but do not live in the facility where care is given Acute care: 24 hour care for short term illnesses/injury; generally given in hospitals / ambulatory surgical services Subacute care: care given in a hospital or in a long-term care facility for people who need less care than for an acute illness, but more care than for a chronic illness Hospice care: holistic, compassionate care given to dying people and their families Outpatient care: Care given for less than 24 hours for people who have had treatments or surgery and need short-term skilled care Rehabilitation: care that is given by specialists to help restore or improve function after an illness or injury List five services commonly offered at long-term care facilities: Bathing, assisting with walking, eating, dressing and toileting Who makes up the majority of residents in long-term care, Men or Women? Women What are two general categories of residents who stay in a care facility for less than six months? Residents who are admitted for terminal car who will probably die in the facility Residents admitted for rehabilitation or temporary illness List five common policies at long-term care facilities: Resident information must remain confidential The care plan should always be followed Nursing assistants should not do tasks that are not included in the job description Nursing assistants must report important events / changes in residents to nurses Nursing assistants should not discuss personal problems with residents or residents families List two ways that surveyors study how well staff care for residents in a facility: They focus on how residents nutritional, physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs are being met They interview residents and their families, observe the staffs interaction with residents and care team Medicare: the federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease Medicaid: Medical assistance program for people who have low income, as well as people with disabilities Culture change: a term given to the process of transforming services for elders so that they are based on the values and practices of the person receiving care Nursing assistant: Measure vital signs, bathes residents and helps with elimination needs Registered nurse: Administrates special treatments and give medication prescribed by physician Physciaian: Diagnoses disease / disability and prescribes medication Physical therapist: Developers treatment plan to increase movement and circulation, promote healing, reduce pain, prevent disability and regain / maintain mobility Occupational therapist: Helps residents adapt to disabilities Speech language pathologist: Identifies communication disorders and addresses factors involved in recovery Registered dietitian: Creates diets for residents with special needs Medical social worker: Helps residents get support services, such as counseling List 6 examples of duties that nursing assistants perform: Bathing residents, Assisting with grooming, Help with elimination needs, Help with dressing and undressing, Assist with meals Make and change bedding List two duties that nursing assistants do not usually perform: Tell the resident or family the diagnosis or the medical treatment plan Perform procedures that require sterile technique Professionalism: Behaving properly when on the job List 5 examples of professional behavior with RESIDENTS: Always explaining care before providing it Keeping positive attitude Always being polite and cheerful Not using profanity Listening to the resident List 7 examples of professional behavior with an EMPLOYER: Completes tasks efficiently Always follow procedures Always being on time Follow the chain of command Participate in education program Being a positive role model for the facility Reporting problems with residents or tasks List 8 personal qualities that are important for nursing assistants to have: Empathy Sympathy Honestly Tactful Respectful Dependable Patience Tolerant Why is it important for nursing assistants who have long hair to keep their hair tied back? It will look professional and clean / to keep it out of the way / to help prevent a resident from pulling the hair Why would wearing comfortably shoes be important to nursing assistants? It is important because you are standing majority of your shift, so you want to be comfortable Give one reason why the chain of command is important: Protects employees and the employer form liability List 3 tasks that are said to be outside the scope of practice of a nursing assistant: Changing a sterile dressing Diagnose illness or prescribe treatments or medications Tell the resident / residents family a diagnostic Why are observing and reporting even simple observations about a resident important? Nursing assistants are the eyes and ears of the care team. Observing changes in the residents condition and reporting them is very important. Also, writing info down or charting. What are 3 factors considered when forming a care plan? The resident's goals, priorities or expectations The resident's health & physical condition The residents diagnosis & treatment List 5 steps in the nursing process: Assessment: resident status Diagnosis: problem identified Planning: goals, expected outcome Implementation: plan of action Evaluation: observations, documentation of Caremark changes in resident status, unexpected outcomes List The Five Rights of Delegation: Right task: Is there a match between the resident's needs and the Nursing Assistants skills , abilities and experience Right Circumstance: What is the level of resident stability Right Person: Is the nursing assistant the right one for the job Right Direction / Communication: Can the Nursing Assistant give appropriate direction What should a nursing assistant do if he feels he does not have the skills necessary to perform a task? Discuss concerns with nurse over you. Refuse tasks that are outside of legal scope of practice List five steps in managing time and assignments Plan ahead: list all you have to do and supplies you need Prioritize: important stuff first Make a schedule: for each hour Combine activities: visit with residents while providing care Get help What is the difference between ethics and laws? Ethics: Knowledge of right and wrong Law: What you must do List eight examples of legal and ethical behavior for a nursing assistant: Be honest Protect residents privacy Keep staff information confidential Report abuse Follow the care plan & assignment exactly Do not perform tasks outside your scope of practice Do not accept gifts Document accurately & promptly What is the minimum number of hours of training that nursing assistants must complete as required by OBRA? 75 hours How soon must a Minimum Data Set (MDS) be completed on new residents after admission? within 14 days of odmission What is the purpose of Residents' Rights? How residents must be treated; provides an ethical code of conduct for healthcare workers If a nursing assistant sees abuse or suspects that a resident is being abused, what is her responsibility? Report immediately List five possible signs of abuse that should be reported by the nursing assistant: Abuse: Yelling obscenities, fear, poor self-control, constant pain, withdrawl List five possible signs of neglect that should be reported by the nursing assistant: Neglect: Pressure sores, body is not clean, body lice, Unanswered call light, soiled bedding or briefs If a resident wants to make a complaint of abuse, what is the nursing assistant's responsibility? Write down the complain and report it properly Pick three of the examples of behavior promoting Residents' Rights in Learning Objective 5. Describe how each example supports or promotes specific Residents' Rights: Example 1: Involve residents in planning (Right to participate in Own Care) Example 2: Always explain a procedure to the resident before performing it (Right to be fully informed about rights & services) Example 3: Knock and ask permission before entering a patients room (Right of priviacy) What happens if a nursing assistant is accused of abusing a resident? The NA is usually suspended immediately pending investigation What is the role of an ombudsman? Assigned by law as the legal advocate for residents Decides what action to take if there are issues Help resolve conflicts & settle concerning residents safety, helath, welfare and rights What is one important reason that HIPAA was passed? to help Keep health information private & secure List five examples of a persor's protectedi health information (PHI): Alame Adress, Telephone # , Social Security # , Email Adress To whom is a nursing assistant allowed to give information about a resident? the care teom or anyone the resident gives permission for To what members of the healthcare team is HIPAA applicable? Doctors, Nuses, NA's & All other menmbers / Heathcare members Define advance directives and briefly describe two examples. Advance Directives: Legal documents that allow people to decide what kind of medical care they wish to have in the event they are unable to make those dicisions themselves Examples: living will, durable power of attorney for healthcare List three rights relating relating to advance directives that the PSDA requires be given to a residnet at the time of admission: The right to participote in direct healthcare decisions The right to accept or refuse treatment The right to prepare an advance directive Briefly describe three steps in the communication process: Sending- the sender sends a message Reciving - the reciever recieves the message Feedback -the reciever repeats the message or responds to it in Someway Define nonverbal communication and give one example that is not listed in the textbook: Communicating without Using words Example : Writing What does the word culture mean? System of learned beliefs & behaviors that is practiced by a group of people What is one positive response to cultural diversity? Acceptance & Knowledge Why should "why" questions be avoided when talking with residents? "Why" questions make people feel defensive If a resident speaks a different language than the nursing assistant does, what can the nursing assistant do? Speak slowely & clearly, keep message Short & Simple, alert for words the resident understands, ask residents family or staff for help What is one way to provide feedback while listening? Ask a question, Repeat the message, Acknowledgement What can silence or pauses help a resident do? Allows time to gather thoughts and compose message What is one reason that a nursing assistant should not ignore a resident's request? considered to ba nealigent behovior Why should a Nursing Assistant sit near a resident who has started a conversation with her? Shows that the Nursing Assistant is listening or what the resident is saying is important What is objective information? Collected by Senses ( i.e - see, hear, touch & smell) What is subjective information? Something the resident reported that may or may not be true With whom should NA's use medical terminology? Care team members What does the abbreviation ROM stand for? Range of motion What does the abbreviation NPO stand for? Nothing by mouth What does the abbreviation DNR stand for? DO Not Recuscitate List ten signs and symptoms that should be reported immediately to the nurse: Falls Chest pain Severe headache Difficulty breathing Abnormal pulse, Respiration or Blood pressure Change in mental status Sudden Weakness/ loss of mobility High fever Loss of consciousness Bleeding Describe four reasons why careful documentation is important: Only way to guarentee clear & complete communication among all members Documentation is a legal rerord of even part of a residents treatment Documentation helps protect Nursing Assistants and their employers from liabilty by providing what they did when caring for residents Documentation gives an up-to-date record of and care of each resident When should care be documented-before or after it is done? After Convert 10:00 p.m. to military time. 2200 Convert 1400 hours to regular time 2:00pm What is considered an incident at a facility? accident, problem, or unexpected event, even during the course of care List four guidelines for incident reporting: Tell what happened State facts Tell how the person tolerated the incident Suggestion for change Give two reasons why computers may be used in a facility: document information, research What is the purpose of the resident call light or call system? Residents need to be able to call for help when it is needed When a resident has a hearing impairment, on whose face should the light be shining while communicating? Nursing Assistant How can a nursing assistant explain the position of objects in front of a visually-impaired resident? directional terms (i.e): "In front of you" "On your left/right" How should questions be phrased to a resident who has had a stroke? phrase questions so they can be answered with a "yes" or 'no". How should a nursing assistant refer to the weaker side of a resident who has had a stroke? Use the term "Weaker" or "Involved" to refer to side with paralysis What should a nursing assistant always do after a resident behaves inappropriately? Light approach: "I'm sorry, I'm not allowed to do that" Address directy: "That makes me uncomfortalble" Always report inappropriaite behavior to the nurse, even if you think it was harmless. What does infection prevention mean? Set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease How does infection occur? When harmful microorganisms, called pathogens, invade ones body What is the chain of infection? Way of describing how disease is transmitted from one human to another Which link in the chain of infection is broken by wearing gloves, and why? Chain link 4; primary mode of transmission is the hand of healthcare workers Define the term mucous membranes: Membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body Why are elderly people at a higher risk for infection? Weakened immune systems as a result of aging Under standard precautions, what does body fluids include? Tears, Saliva, Sputum (mucus coughed up), Urine, Feces, Semen, Vaginal secretions, Pus, Vomit