Maternal/Newborn: Exam 3 with
correct answers 2025/2026
List some categories of postpartum complications: - ANS ✔✔- shock
- hemorrhage
- thromboembolic disorders
- puerperal infections
- sub-involution of the uterus
- mood disorders
Define shock: - ANS ✔✔a condition in which the cardiovascular system fails provide essential
oxygen and nutrients to the cells
What are the different types of shock: - ANS ✔✔- hypovolemic
- anaphylactic
- septic
- cardiogenic
Describe postpartum preeclampsia: - ANS ✔✔- may take several days to a week for symptoms
to resolve following birth
- treatment must continue until the blood pressure and reflexes return to normal ranges
,Describe postpartum hemorrhage: - ANS ✔✔- uncontrolled bleeding can become a life-
threatening event and excessive bleeding must be reported immediately to the RN and primary
care provider
- 10 point decrease in hematocrit between admission and post birth, excessive blood loss has
occurred
- saturation of a sanitary pad within 1 hour signals excessive bleeding and must be reported
Things to note about postpartum hemorrhage: - ANS ✔✔- EBL (estimated blood loss) of 500
mLs for a vaginal birth and 1000 mLs for a cesarean birth are the criteria used for this
- women of asian or hispanic heritage have a higher chance of developing this
What are the 4 causes of immediate postpartum hemorrhage: - ANS ✔✔- uterine atony
- lacerations
- retained placental fragments
- hematomas
What is the most common cause of delayed postpartum hemorrhage: - ANS ✔✔failure of the
uterus to return to its normal size due to retained placental fragments
What is usually the first sign of hypovolemic shock: - ANS ✔✔tachycardia
Postpartum infections: - ANS ✔✔- mastitis (infection of the breast occur most commonly in
lactating women)
- lacerations
- episiotomies
- cesarean incisions
, What is a puerperal infection: - ANS ✔✔- is a postpartum infection that is rare, following
childbirth
- infection usually begins in the vagina and migrates upward into the uterus (endometritis),
pelvic lymph nodes, peritoneum (peritonitis), and circulation
- report temperatures of 100.4 (38.4C) and above
- once the organisms are growing in the blood, the disease has progressed to septicemia
What are some risk factors for puerperal infection: - ANS ✔✔- cesarean delivery
- prolonged rupture of membranes
- multiple vaginal examinations during labor
- compromised health status of the mother
- obstetric trauma (lacerations, episiotomy)
- intrauterine monitoring equipment
- instrument-assisted delivery
- manual removal of placenta
- pre-existing vaginal infections (STI's)
Psychological Risks: Postpartum blues - ANS ✔✔- occur in most women
- characterized by mild depression interspaced with happy feelings
- finds overall pleasure in life and in her new role as a mother
- begins within a few days after birth and lasts a few hours to approx 2 weeks
- is self-limiting
- depression (profound, overwhelming, persists)
- lack of enjoyment in life
- disinterest in others
- feelings of inadequacy, unworthiness, guild, inability to cope
- loss of mental concentration, inability to make decisions
correct answers 2025/2026
List some categories of postpartum complications: - ANS ✔✔- shock
- hemorrhage
- thromboembolic disorders
- puerperal infections
- sub-involution of the uterus
- mood disorders
Define shock: - ANS ✔✔a condition in which the cardiovascular system fails provide essential
oxygen and nutrients to the cells
What are the different types of shock: - ANS ✔✔- hypovolemic
- anaphylactic
- septic
- cardiogenic
Describe postpartum preeclampsia: - ANS ✔✔- may take several days to a week for symptoms
to resolve following birth
- treatment must continue until the blood pressure and reflexes return to normal ranges
,Describe postpartum hemorrhage: - ANS ✔✔- uncontrolled bleeding can become a life-
threatening event and excessive bleeding must be reported immediately to the RN and primary
care provider
- 10 point decrease in hematocrit between admission and post birth, excessive blood loss has
occurred
- saturation of a sanitary pad within 1 hour signals excessive bleeding and must be reported
Things to note about postpartum hemorrhage: - ANS ✔✔- EBL (estimated blood loss) of 500
mLs for a vaginal birth and 1000 mLs for a cesarean birth are the criteria used for this
- women of asian or hispanic heritage have a higher chance of developing this
What are the 4 causes of immediate postpartum hemorrhage: - ANS ✔✔- uterine atony
- lacerations
- retained placental fragments
- hematomas
What is the most common cause of delayed postpartum hemorrhage: - ANS ✔✔failure of the
uterus to return to its normal size due to retained placental fragments
What is usually the first sign of hypovolemic shock: - ANS ✔✔tachycardia
Postpartum infections: - ANS ✔✔- mastitis (infection of the breast occur most commonly in
lactating women)
- lacerations
- episiotomies
- cesarean incisions
, What is a puerperal infection: - ANS ✔✔- is a postpartum infection that is rare, following
childbirth
- infection usually begins in the vagina and migrates upward into the uterus (endometritis),
pelvic lymph nodes, peritoneum (peritonitis), and circulation
- report temperatures of 100.4 (38.4C) and above
- once the organisms are growing in the blood, the disease has progressed to septicemia
What are some risk factors for puerperal infection: - ANS ✔✔- cesarean delivery
- prolonged rupture of membranes
- multiple vaginal examinations during labor
- compromised health status of the mother
- obstetric trauma (lacerations, episiotomy)
- intrauterine monitoring equipment
- instrument-assisted delivery
- manual removal of placenta
- pre-existing vaginal infections (STI's)
Psychological Risks: Postpartum blues - ANS ✔✔- occur in most women
- characterized by mild depression interspaced with happy feelings
- finds overall pleasure in life and in her new role as a mother
- begins within a few days after birth and lasts a few hours to approx 2 weeks
- is self-limiting
- depression (profound, overwhelming, persists)
- lack of enjoyment in life
- disinterest in others
- feelings of inadequacy, unworthiness, guild, inability to cope
- loss of mental concentration, inability to make decisions
