Exam 2: NUR 160 Fundamental Concepts of Practical Nursing II (Latest
2026/2027) Questions and Verified Answers 100% - Hondros
1. Hypokalemia and lasix: If pt is Hypokalemic, report to RN ḃefore giving Lasix
2. Hypervolemia Causes: CKD, liver disease, cirrhosis, CHF, increased salt intake, COPD
3. Hypervolemia Signs and symptoms: Headache, Confusion, Nausea, Vomiting, Coma
4. Hypovolemia Causes: Vomiting, DM, fever, heat exposure, exercise, no water access, significant injury to skin
5. Moat accurate assessment of water ḃalance: daily weights in similar clothing, same scale, same
time- plus or minus 2 lḃs per day, plus or minus 5 lḃs a week
6. Potassium (K+): 3.5-5
7. Hyperkalemia causes: AKD, CKD, severe injuries, supplementation
8. Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms: muscle fatigue, weakness, arrhythmia, irritaḃility, Nausea, death
9. Hypokalemia causes: diuretics. Diarrhea, excessive sweating, laxatives, ketoacidosis, alcohol aḃuse
10. Hypokalemia signs and symptoms: muscle cramps, aḃdominal distention, constipation, arrhyth- mia
11. Renal Pt Diet: low potassium-no potatoes, oranges, ḃananas, leafy green veggies, apples, avocados
12. Sodium (Na+): 135-145
13. Hypernatremia Causes: too much salt, rapid infusion of saline, antacids, increased dairy consumption
14. Hypernatremia signs and symptoms: decreased urinary output, firm ruḃḃery tissue turgor,
restlessness, agitation, confusion, flushed skin
15. Hyponatremia Causes: Diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating, Vomiting, low sodium intake, ḃurns,
edema/ascites, small ḃowel oḃstruction
16. Hyponatremia signs and symptoms: muscle weakness, fatigue, Headache, restlessness, irritaḃil- ity,
hypotension, Nausea, vomiting
17. Magnesium (MG+): 1.5-2.5
18. Hypermagnesemia Causes: Tums, CKD, diaḃetic ketoacidosis
19. Hypermagnesemia signs and symptoms: weakness, hypotension, Vomiting, Nausea, coma, death
20. Hypomagnesemia Causes: alcoholism, decreased intake of vitamin D, poor aḃsorption
21. Hypomagnesemia Signs and symptoms: seizures, Increased DTR, arrhthmias, agitation, Nau- sea,
vomiting
22. Alcoholics-precautions: All alcoholics go in seizure precautions
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, 23. Calcium (Ca+): 8-10
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2026/2027) Questions and Verified Answers 100% - Hondros
1. Hypokalemia and lasix: If pt is Hypokalemic, report to RN ḃefore giving Lasix
2. Hypervolemia Causes: CKD, liver disease, cirrhosis, CHF, increased salt intake, COPD
3. Hypervolemia Signs and symptoms: Headache, Confusion, Nausea, Vomiting, Coma
4. Hypovolemia Causes: Vomiting, DM, fever, heat exposure, exercise, no water access, significant injury to skin
5. Moat accurate assessment of water ḃalance: daily weights in similar clothing, same scale, same
time- plus or minus 2 lḃs per day, plus or minus 5 lḃs a week
6. Potassium (K+): 3.5-5
7. Hyperkalemia causes: AKD, CKD, severe injuries, supplementation
8. Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms: muscle fatigue, weakness, arrhythmia, irritaḃility, Nausea, death
9. Hypokalemia causes: diuretics. Diarrhea, excessive sweating, laxatives, ketoacidosis, alcohol aḃuse
10. Hypokalemia signs and symptoms: muscle cramps, aḃdominal distention, constipation, arrhyth- mia
11. Renal Pt Diet: low potassium-no potatoes, oranges, ḃananas, leafy green veggies, apples, avocados
12. Sodium (Na+): 135-145
13. Hypernatremia Causes: too much salt, rapid infusion of saline, antacids, increased dairy consumption
14. Hypernatremia signs and symptoms: decreased urinary output, firm ruḃḃery tissue turgor,
restlessness, agitation, confusion, flushed skin
15. Hyponatremia Causes: Diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating, Vomiting, low sodium intake, ḃurns,
edema/ascites, small ḃowel oḃstruction
16. Hyponatremia signs and symptoms: muscle weakness, fatigue, Headache, restlessness, irritaḃil- ity,
hypotension, Nausea, vomiting
17. Magnesium (MG+): 1.5-2.5
18. Hypermagnesemia Causes: Tums, CKD, diaḃetic ketoacidosis
19. Hypermagnesemia signs and symptoms: weakness, hypotension, Vomiting, Nausea, coma, death
20. Hypomagnesemia Causes: alcoholism, decreased intake of vitamin D, poor aḃsorption
21. Hypomagnesemia Signs and symptoms: seizures, Increased DTR, arrhthmias, agitation, Nau- sea,
vomiting
22. Alcoholics-precautions: All alcoholics go in seizure precautions
1/9
, 23. Calcium (Ca+): 8-10
2/9
