WJEC Criminology Unit 4 Exam Questions and Answers| New Update with 100%
Correct Answers
What stages does a Bill go through on its way to becoming law? Bill may start either in the
Commons or the Lords.
First reading
Second reading (debate and vote)
Committee Stage
Report Stage (Committee reports to the House)
Third reading (debate and vote)
All of the above repeated in the other House.
Royal Assent
The Bill then becomes an Act of Parliament.
Judicial Precedent Law made by judges. When deciding cases, judges must follow
judgements in previous similar cases. Lower courts must follow higher courts.
Example: Donoghue v Stevenson (1932): Mrs Donoghue suffered nervous shock upon
discovering a decomposed snail in her bottle of lemonade. The court decided that the
manufacturer of the lemonade owed a "duty of care" to Mrs Donoghue.
Statutory Interpretation Judges create law when they interpret the wording of statutes.
Example: Whitely v Chappell (1868): The defendant was charged with the offence of
"impersonating any person entitled to vote". The defendant had pretended to be a person not
on the electoral register because the person had died. The court held that the defendant was
not guilty because dead people are not entitled to vote.
What is the relationship between the following agencies of the criminal justice system?
- Police
, - The courts
- Crown Prosecution Service
- National Probation Service
- Government departments. - Police: They work with the CPS to bring prosecutions. Police
officers often give evidence in court. They provide protection for vulnerable witnesses.
- HM Courts and Tribunals Service: Judges create law through judicial precedent and statutory
interpretation. The prison service holds prisoners attending court and arranges their transfer to
and from prison.
- Crown Prosecution Service: They advise the police on charging suspects. They prepare the
prosecution case.
- National Probation Service: They liaise with the police if a prisoner needs to be recalled to
prison. They oversee prisons who have been released on licence. They supervise community
sentences.
- Government departments. Ministry of Justice oversees the courts. The Home Office oversees
the police.
Due Process model of criminal justice The justice system should safeguard the rights of the
individual to reduce the chance of wrongful conviction.
The justice system should be an obstacle course rather than a conveyer belt.
There should be a presumption of innocence.
How does the law support the due process model? All interviews are now recorded.
Suspects have a right to legal representation.
Correct Answers
What stages does a Bill go through on its way to becoming law? Bill may start either in the
Commons or the Lords.
First reading
Second reading (debate and vote)
Committee Stage
Report Stage (Committee reports to the House)
Third reading (debate and vote)
All of the above repeated in the other House.
Royal Assent
The Bill then becomes an Act of Parliament.
Judicial Precedent Law made by judges. When deciding cases, judges must follow
judgements in previous similar cases. Lower courts must follow higher courts.
Example: Donoghue v Stevenson (1932): Mrs Donoghue suffered nervous shock upon
discovering a decomposed snail in her bottle of lemonade. The court decided that the
manufacturer of the lemonade owed a "duty of care" to Mrs Donoghue.
Statutory Interpretation Judges create law when they interpret the wording of statutes.
Example: Whitely v Chappell (1868): The defendant was charged with the offence of
"impersonating any person entitled to vote". The defendant had pretended to be a person not
on the electoral register because the person had died. The court held that the defendant was
not guilty because dead people are not entitled to vote.
What is the relationship between the following agencies of the criminal justice system?
- Police
, - The courts
- Crown Prosecution Service
- National Probation Service
- Government departments. - Police: They work with the CPS to bring prosecutions. Police
officers often give evidence in court. They provide protection for vulnerable witnesses.
- HM Courts and Tribunals Service: Judges create law through judicial precedent and statutory
interpretation. The prison service holds prisoners attending court and arranges their transfer to
and from prison.
- Crown Prosecution Service: They advise the police on charging suspects. They prepare the
prosecution case.
- National Probation Service: They liaise with the police if a prisoner needs to be recalled to
prison. They oversee prisons who have been released on licence. They supervise community
sentences.
- Government departments. Ministry of Justice oversees the courts. The Home Office oversees
the police.
Due Process model of criminal justice The justice system should safeguard the rights of the
individual to reduce the chance of wrongful conviction.
The justice system should be an obstacle course rather than a conveyer belt.
There should be a presumption of innocence.
How does the law support the due process model? All interviews are now recorded.
Suspects have a right to legal representation.
