BIOTECHNOLOGY TEST QUIZ WITH SOLUTIONS #12
Selective breeding - correct answer method of breeding that allows only those individual
organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation ("Super Cow")
Hybridization - correct answer breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar
individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms
Inbreeding - correct answer continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics
to maintain the desired characteristics of a line of organismsterm-3
Genetic engineering - correct answer the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one
organism into another organism, in order to produce an organism with desired traits
Biotechnology - correct answer technology applied to living organisms
Recombinant DNA - correct answer genetically engineered DNA made by recombining
fragments of DNA from different organisms
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) - correct answer can produce many copies of a
specific target segment of DNA
Plasmid - correct answer a circular DNA molecule that is usually found in bacteria and
that can replicate independent of the main chromosome
Transgenic organism - correct answer an organism that contains genes from other
organisms
Clone - correct answer member of a population of genetically identical cells produced
from a single cell
Gene therapy - correct answer the process of changing a gene to treat a medical
disease or disorder
DNA fingerprint - correct answer distinctive pattern of bands composed of fragments of
an individual's DNA
GM foods (genetically modified foods) - correct answer foods that have been genetically
modified through biotechnology...genes have been manipulated
Gel electrophoresis - correct answer The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the
basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through
an electrical field in a gel
Restriction enzyme - correct answer enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of
nucleotides
Selective breeding - correct answer method of breeding that allows only those individual
organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation ("Super Cow")
Hybridization - correct answer breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar
individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms
Inbreeding - correct answer continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics
to maintain the desired characteristics of a line of organismsterm-3
Genetic engineering - correct answer the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one
organism into another organism, in order to produce an organism with desired traits
Biotechnology - correct answer technology applied to living organisms
Recombinant DNA - correct answer genetically engineered DNA made by recombining
fragments of DNA from different organisms
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) - correct answer can produce many copies of a
specific target segment of DNA
Plasmid - correct answer a circular DNA molecule that is usually found in bacteria and
that can replicate independent of the main chromosome
Transgenic organism - correct answer an organism that contains genes from other
organisms
Clone - correct answer member of a population of genetically identical cells produced
from a single cell
Gene therapy - correct answer the process of changing a gene to treat a medical
disease or disorder
DNA fingerprint - correct answer distinctive pattern of bands composed of fragments of
an individual's DNA
GM foods (genetically modified foods) - correct answer foods that have been genetically
modified through biotechnology...genes have been manipulated
Gel electrophoresis - correct answer The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the
basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through
an electrical field in a gel
Restriction enzyme - correct answer enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of
nucleotides
