NURS 3010 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ACCURATE ANSWERS
What are common signs of dysphagia you'd want to be able to recognize in your
patients? Which type of healthcare professional should be consulted to assess a
patient's swallowing if you suspect dysphagia? - ANSWER repeated episodes of
aspiration pneumonia (food/drinks going down the wrong throat), very slow chewing,
frequent throat cleaning, fatigue from eating, food "sticking" in throat, pocketing food in
cheeks, and coughing or choking during eating. consult with a speech-language
pathologist
What causes most peptic ulcers? What is the second most common cause? Should
these patients eat a bland diet or a well-balanced, healthy diet and why? - ANSWER
taking a lot of ibuprofen long term use of NSAIDs, and others are caused by excess
stress, acid, and spicy food. eat a well balanced diet not a bland one as the
antioxidants/phytochemicals will reduce oxidative stress and promote epithelial
regeneration, maintains a healthy gut microbiota and increases microbiota diversity,
and it corrects any nutrient deficiencies that could be contributing to compromised
tissue integrity.
Although Cystic Fibrosis is a pulmonary disease, it greatly impacts the GI system. Know
the following medical nutrition therapy (MNT) for cystic fibrosis:-Do these clients have
higher or lower energy needs than the general population? Energy= calories -Which two
nutrients do we not want to restrict in these clients that we would otherwise limit for
most people? (hint: one is a macronutrient and one is a mineral) -How do we treat
pancreatic enzyme insufficiency for these patients? How often do they need to take this
medication each day? - ANSWER -high-energy diet required (110%-120% energy needs
of general population) -encourage high-fat foods without dietary restriction WHAT IS
THE MINERAL ASK IN CLASS is it salt?? -enzyme replacement products (ex
pancrelipase) contain the normal pancreatic enzymes for each entry nutrient and
pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is required for macronutrient digestion
What are two childhood environmental exposures that increase the risk for developing
inflammatory bowel disease? - ANSWER breastfeeding and the overuse of antibiotics
Why does Crohn's inflammatory bowel disease have more micronutrient deficiencies
than ulcerative colitis? Which two micronutrient deficiencies can ulcerative colitis
, cause? - ANSWER UC doesn't have as many deficiencies due to the location of the
inflammation. can result in vitamin k deficiency and iron deficiency anemia
When would be the only time you would recommend a low fiber diet to someone with
inflammatory bowel disease? There are two situations. - ANSWER only during acute
attacks or with strictures
What is the diet or eating pattern most used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Why is this such a restrictive diet and how could patients avoid restricting unnecessary
foods using this diet to help with IBS? - ANSWER eliminate food allergens or
intolerances. this is a restrictive diet because it is so individualized so it is
recommended to use a FODMAP
Understand the difference for fiber recommendations between diverticulosis and
diverticulitis. In what situation would a patient be placed on nothing by mouth (NPO) or
clear liquids for an episode of diverticulitis? - ANSWER diverticulosis: increase fiber
from 26 g/day to 45 g/day
diverticulitis: low fiber diet till the inflammation and bleeding resolves. NPO or clear
liquids if you have bloody diarrhea and want to stop it ASAP
What are 4 dietary and/or lifestyle suggestions you can give to your patients who ask
you how to treat constipation besides using medication? Use lecture slide. - ANSWER
avoid laxative/enema dependence, try drinking at least 64 oz fluid/day, consuming
enough fiber each day, getting physical activity each day, and pro/prebiotic
Which body system does a food allergy affect? Which body system does a food
intolerance affect? - ANSWER food allergy affects immune system, food intolerances
affect digestive system
Know the following about Celiac Disease: -How does exposure to gluten affect the lining
of the GI tract for those with Celiac Disease? -What affect does this have on
macronutrient and micronutrient absorption? -What would be your advice to a patient
who tells you he or she is purposely avoiding gluten prior to being tested for Celiac? -
ANSWER -damages the mucosal surface of the small intestine leaving villi that are
malformed and with few remaining functional microvilli -this injured mucosa effectively
reduces the surface area for micronutrient and macronutrient absorption -i would tell
ACCURATE ANSWERS
What are common signs of dysphagia you'd want to be able to recognize in your
patients? Which type of healthcare professional should be consulted to assess a
patient's swallowing if you suspect dysphagia? - ANSWER repeated episodes of
aspiration pneumonia (food/drinks going down the wrong throat), very slow chewing,
frequent throat cleaning, fatigue from eating, food "sticking" in throat, pocketing food in
cheeks, and coughing or choking during eating. consult with a speech-language
pathologist
What causes most peptic ulcers? What is the second most common cause? Should
these patients eat a bland diet or a well-balanced, healthy diet and why? - ANSWER
taking a lot of ibuprofen long term use of NSAIDs, and others are caused by excess
stress, acid, and spicy food. eat a well balanced diet not a bland one as the
antioxidants/phytochemicals will reduce oxidative stress and promote epithelial
regeneration, maintains a healthy gut microbiota and increases microbiota diversity,
and it corrects any nutrient deficiencies that could be contributing to compromised
tissue integrity.
Although Cystic Fibrosis is a pulmonary disease, it greatly impacts the GI system. Know
the following medical nutrition therapy (MNT) for cystic fibrosis:-Do these clients have
higher or lower energy needs than the general population? Energy= calories -Which two
nutrients do we not want to restrict in these clients that we would otherwise limit for
most people? (hint: one is a macronutrient and one is a mineral) -How do we treat
pancreatic enzyme insufficiency for these patients? How often do they need to take this
medication each day? - ANSWER -high-energy diet required (110%-120% energy needs
of general population) -encourage high-fat foods without dietary restriction WHAT IS
THE MINERAL ASK IN CLASS is it salt?? -enzyme replacement products (ex
pancrelipase) contain the normal pancreatic enzymes for each entry nutrient and
pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is required for macronutrient digestion
What are two childhood environmental exposures that increase the risk for developing
inflammatory bowel disease? - ANSWER breastfeeding and the overuse of antibiotics
Why does Crohn's inflammatory bowel disease have more micronutrient deficiencies
than ulcerative colitis? Which two micronutrient deficiencies can ulcerative colitis
, cause? - ANSWER UC doesn't have as many deficiencies due to the location of the
inflammation. can result in vitamin k deficiency and iron deficiency anemia
When would be the only time you would recommend a low fiber diet to someone with
inflammatory bowel disease? There are two situations. - ANSWER only during acute
attacks or with strictures
What is the diet or eating pattern most used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Why is this such a restrictive diet and how could patients avoid restricting unnecessary
foods using this diet to help with IBS? - ANSWER eliminate food allergens or
intolerances. this is a restrictive diet because it is so individualized so it is
recommended to use a FODMAP
Understand the difference for fiber recommendations between diverticulosis and
diverticulitis. In what situation would a patient be placed on nothing by mouth (NPO) or
clear liquids for an episode of diverticulitis? - ANSWER diverticulosis: increase fiber
from 26 g/day to 45 g/day
diverticulitis: low fiber diet till the inflammation and bleeding resolves. NPO or clear
liquids if you have bloody diarrhea and want to stop it ASAP
What are 4 dietary and/or lifestyle suggestions you can give to your patients who ask
you how to treat constipation besides using medication? Use lecture slide. - ANSWER
avoid laxative/enema dependence, try drinking at least 64 oz fluid/day, consuming
enough fiber each day, getting physical activity each day, and pro/prebiotic
Which body system does a food allergy affect? Which body system does a food
intolerance affect? - ANSWER food allergy affects immune system, food intolerances
affect digestive system
Know the following about Celiac Disease: -How does exposure to gluten affect the lining
of the GI tract for those with Celiac Disease? -What affect does this have on
macronutrient and micronutrient absorption? -What would be your advice to a patient
who tells you he or she is purposely avoiding gluten prior to being tested for Celiac? -
ANSWER -damages the mucosal surface of the small intestine leaving villi that are
malformed and with few remaining functional microvilli -this injured mucosa effectively
reduces the surface area for micronutrient and macronutrient absorption -i would tell
