NSG 420 Exam 1
, E ndocardi um
What are the three l ayers of the heart? Myocardi am
Epi cardi um
How much thi cker i s the l eft ventri cl e than the ri ght ventri cl e? 2-3 ti mes
When does bl oodfl ow i nto the two maj or coronary arteri es occur? Duri ng di astol e
I f obstructed, whi ch coronary artery woul d cause the most damage? The ri ght coronary artery
AV Node
Bundl e of Hi s
Cardi ac Conducti on System
What reci eves bl ood f rom the ri ght coronary artery?
Ri ght atri um
Ri ght ventri cl e
Posteri or wal l of l eft ventri cl e
Coronary si nus, whi ch empti es i nto the ri ght atri um near entrance of i nf eri or vena
Where does the bl ood f rom the coronary system drai n i nto?
cava
What does the P wave on an ECG represent? Depol ari zati on of the atri a f rom SA node
What does the QRS wave on an ECG represent? Ventri cul ar depol ari zati on f rom AV node
,What does the T wave represent on an ECG? Repol ari zati on of the ventri cl es
Repol ori zati on of Purki nj e F i bers
What woul d a U wave on an ECG mean? OR
Hypokal emi a
What i s stroke vol ume? Amount of bl ood ej ected wi th each heart beat
What i s cardi ac output? Amount of bl ood pumped by each ventri cl e i n 1 mi nute
What i s a normal cardi ac output? 4 - 8 L/mi n
How do you determi ne the cardi ac i ndex? Cardi ac Output (CO) di vi ded by body surface area
What i s a normal cardi ac i ndex? 2.8 - 4.2 L/mi n/m2
What i s the formul a cardi ac output? Stroke Vol ume X Heart rate
, What i s prel oad? Vol ume of bl ood i n ventri cl es at end of di astol e
What i s afterl oad? Peri pheral resi stance agai nst whi ch l eft ventri cl e must pump
Prel oad
What factors affect stroke vol ume? Contracti l i ty
Afterl oad
Epi nephri ne
What can i ncrease contracti l i ty?
Norepi nephri ne
Si ze of ventri cl e
What affects afterl oad? Wal l tensi on
Arteri al bl ood pressure
What i s ventri cul ar hypertrophy? E nl argement of the heart
What can cause ventri cul ar hypertrophy? I ncreased atri al pressure
1. Arteri es
2. Arteri ol es
3. Capi l l ari es
How does bl ood ci rcul ate through the body?
4. Venul es
5. Vei ns
6. Back to the heart
, E ndocardi um
What are the three l ayers of the heart? Myocardi am
Epi cardi um
How much thi cker i s the l eft ventri cl e than the ri ght ventri cl e? 2-3 ti mes
When does bl oodfl ow i nto the two maj or coronary arteri es occur? Duri ng di astol e
I f obstructed, whi ch coronary artery woul d cause the most damage? The ri ght coronary artery
AV Node
Bundl e of Hi s
Cardi ac Conducti on System
What reci eves bl ood f rom the ri ght coronary artery?
Ri ght atri um
Ri ght ventri cl e
Posteri or wal l of l eft ventri cl e
Coronary si nus, whi ch empti es i nto the ri ght atri um near entrance of i nf eri or vena
Where does the bl ood f rom the coronary system drai n i nto?
cava
What does the P wave on an ECG represent? Depol ari zati on of the atri a f rom SA node
What does the QRS wave on an ECG represent? Ventri cul ar depol ari zati on f rom AV node
,What does the T wave represent on an ECG? Repol ari zati on of the ventri cl es
Repol ori zati on of Purki nj e F i bers
What woul d a U wave on an ECG mean? OR
Hypokal emi a
What i s stroke vol ume? Amount of bl ood ej ected wi th each heart beat
What i s cardi ac output? Amount of bl ood pumped by each ventri cl e i n 1 mi nute
What i s a normal cardi ac output? 4 - 8 L/mi n
How do you determi ne the cardi ac i ndex? Cardi ac Output (CO) di vi ded by body surface area
What i s a normal cardi ac i ndex? 2.8 - 4.2 L/mi n/m2
What i s the formul a cardi ac output? Stroke Vol ume X Heart rate
, What i s prel oad? Vol ume of bl ood i n ventri cl es at end of di astol e
What i s afterl oad? Peri pheral resi stance agai nst whi ch l eft ventri cl e must pump
Prel oad
What factors affect stroke vol ume? Contracti l i ty
Afterl oad
Epi nephri ne
What can i ncrease contracti l i ty?
Norepi nephri ne
Si ze of ventri cl e
What affects afterl oad? Wal l tensi on
Arteri al bl ood pressure
What i s ventri cul ar hypertrophy? E nl argement of the heart
What can cause ventri cul ar hypertrophy? I ncreased atri al pressure
1. Arteri es
2. Arteri ol es
3. Capi l l ari es
How does bl ood ci rcul ate through the body?
4. Venul es
5. Vei ns
6. Back to the heart
