RMI2302 Final Exam Review | Global Risks,
Climate Change, AI, and Geopolitical Threats
Verified Questions with A+ Graded Rationales
Latest Updated 2026
Global Risk
the possibility of the occurrence of an event or condition which, if it occurs, would negatively
impact a significant proportion of global GDP, population or natural resources
Structural Forces
long-term shift in the arrangement of, and relation between, the systemic elements of the
global landscape
Categories of Global Risk
• Economic
• Environmental
• Geopolitical
• Societal
• Technological
Top 5 Current Risks (2024)
i. Extreme Weather
ii. Mis(dis)information
iii. Societal Polarization
iv. Cost of living crisis
v. Cyberattacks
- 2 are societal and 2 are technological
Top 5 Risks in the next 2 years (2026)
i. Mis(dis)information (persistent)
ii. Extreme Weather Events (persistent)
iii. Societal Polarization (persistent)
iv. Cyber insecurity
v. Interstate armed conflict
Major concerns related to false information
, • Misinfo and disinfo may radically disrupt electoral processes in several economies in next 2
years including U.S.
• A growing distrust of info, as well as media and governments as sources, will deepen
polarized views -- a vicious cycle that could trigger civil unrest and possibly confrontation
• There is a risk of repression and erosion of rights as authorities seek to crack down on the
proliferation of false info -- as well as risks arising from inaction
Major concerns related to Rise in Conflict:
• Escalation in 3 key hotspots-- Ukraine, Israel, and Taiwan
• Geographic, ideological, socioeconomic and environmental trends could converge to spark
new and resurgent hostilities, amplifying state fragility
• As world becomes more multipolar, a widening array of pivotal powers will step into the
vacuum, potentially eroding guardrails to conflict containment
Top 5 Risks in the Long Term (2034)
a. Extreme Weather events (persistent)
b. Critical Change to Earth Systems
c. Biodiversity Loss and Ecosystem Collapse
d. Natural Resource Shortages
e. Mis(dis)information (persistent)
Structural forces driving the Global Risks:
• Technological Acceleration
• Climate change
• Geostrategic shifts
• Demographic bifurcation
Major concerns related to AI:
• Adverse outcomes of advanced AI could create a new set of divides between those who are
able to access or produce technology resources and intellectual property (IP) and those who
cannot.
• Deeper integration of AI in conflict decisions could lead to unintended
escalation, while open access to AI applications may asymmetrically
empower malicious actors.
Major concerns related to Climate Change
• The pace and scale of climate-change adaptation efforts are already falling short, with
societies increasingly exposed to environmental impacts to which they may be unable to
Climate Change, AI, and Geopolitical Threats
Verified Questions with A+ Graded Rationales
Latest Updated 2026
Global Risk
the possibility of the occurrence of an event or condition which, if it occurs, would negatively
impact a significant proportion of global GDP, population or natural resources
Structural Forces
long-term shift in the arrangement of, and relation between, the systemic elements of the
global landscape
Categories of Global Risk
• Economic
• Environmental
• Geopolitical
• Societal
• Technological
Top 5 Current Risks (2024)
i. Extreme Weather
ii. Mis(dis)information
iii. Societal Polarization
iv. Cost of living crisis
v. Cyberattacks
- 2 are societal and 2 are technological
Top 5 Risks in the next 2 years (2026)
i. Mis(dis)information (persistent)
ii. Extreme Weather Events (persistent)
iii. Societal Polarization (persistent)
iv. Cyber insecurity
v. Interstate armed conflict
Major concerns related to false information
, • Misinfo and disinfo may radically disrupt electoral processes in several economies in next 2
years including U.S.
• A growing distrust of info, as well as media and governments as sources, will deepen
polarized views -- a vicious cycle that could trigger civil unrest and possibly confrontation
• There is a risk of repression and erosion of rights as authorities seek to crack down on the
proliferation of false info -- as well as risks arising from inaction
Major concerns related to Rise in Conflict:
• Escalation in 3 key hotspots-- Ukraine, Israel, and Taiwan
• Geographic, ideological, socioeconomic and environmental trends could converge to spark
new and resurgent hostilities, amplifying state fragility
• As world becomes more multipolar, a widening array of pivotal powers will step into the
vacuum, potentially eroding guardrails to conflict containment
Top 5 Risks in the Long Term (2034)
a. Extreme Weather events (persistent)
b. Critical Change to Earth Systems
c. Biodiversity Loss and Ecosystem Collapse
d. Natural Resource Shortages
e. Mis(dis)information (persistent)
Structural forces driving the Global Risks:
• Technological Acceleration
• Climate change
• Geostrategic shifts
• Demographic bifurcation
Major concerns related to AI:
• Adverse outcomes of advanced AI could create a new set of divides between those who are
able to access or produce technology resources and intellectual property (IP) and those who
cannot.
• Deeper integration of AI in conflict decisions could lead to unintended
escalation, while open access to AI applications may asymmetrically
empower malicious actors.
Major concerns related to Climate Change
• The pace and scale of climate-change adaptation efforts are already falling short, with
societies increasingly exposed to environmental impacts to which they may be unable to
