MGY377 EXAM
How is the MIC determined? - ANSWERS-By diluting the antibiotic
in several culture tubes and identifying the lowest concentration that
prevents growth.
What does a disk diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer test) measure? -
ANSWERS-It tests the sensitivity of a bacterial strain to multiple
antibiotics by measuring the size of cleared zones around antibiotic
disks.
What is the difference between bacteriostatic and bactericidal drugs? -
ANSWERS-Bacteriostatic drugs stop the growth of microorganisms,
while bactericidal drugs kill them.
What is the ideal characteristic of an antibiotic? - ANSWERS-It
should have a high therapeutic index, good pharmacokinetics, and
lack of side effects.
What is the pharmacological spectrum of antimicrobial drugs? -
ANSWERS-It refers to the range of bacteria that a drug can
effectively target, classified as broad or narrow spectrum.
What is a broad-spectrum antibiotic? - ANSWERS-An antibiotic that
is effective against a wide range of bacteria, often used for
polymicrobial infections.
, What is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic? - ANSWERS-An antibiotic
that is effective against a specific type of bacteria, ideal for targeted
infections.
Where do most antibiotics come from? - ANSWERS-They are
primarily derived from Actinomycetes, a class of Gram-positive
bacteria.
Who won the Nobel Prize for the discovery of streptomycin? -
ANSWERS-Selman Waksman won the Nobel Prize in 1952 for
discovering streptomycin from Streptomyces.
What are secondary metabolites? - ANSWERS-Compounds produced
by organisms, including antibiotics, that are not directly involved in
normal growth, development, or reproduction.
What is the significance of the discovery of new antibiotics? -
ANSWERS-It has virtually stopped due to the high costs and the
rapid development of bacterial resistance.
What is the role of the environment in antibiotic production? -
ANSWERS-The environment acts as a battleground for bacteria,
leading to the production of secondary metabolites for protection.
What are some examples of antibiotics derived from Streptomyces? -
ANSWERS-Penicillin, streptomycin, erythromycin, and tetracyclines.
How is the MIC determined? - ANSWERS-By diluting the antibiotic
in several culture tubes and identifying the lowest concentration that
prevents growth.
What does a disk diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer test) measure? -
ANSWERS-It tests the sensitivity of a bacterial strain to multiple
antibiotics by measuring the size of cleared zones around antibiotic
disks.
What is the difference between bacteriostatic and bactericidal drugs? -
ANSWERS-Bacteriostatic drugs stop the growth of microorganisms,
while bactericidal drugs kill them.
What is the ideal characteristic of an antibiotic? - ANSWERS-It
should have a high therapeutic index, good pharmacokinetics, and
lack of side effects.
What is the pharmacological spectrum of antimicrobial drugs? -
ANSWERS-It refers to the range of bacteria that a drug can
effectively target, classified as broad or narrow spectrum.
What is a broad-spectrum antibiotic? - ANSWERS-An antibiotic that
is effective against a wide range of bacteria, often used for
polymicrobial infections.
, What is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic? - ANSWERS-An antibiotic
that is effective against a specific type of bacteria, ideal for targeted
infections.
Where do most antibiotics come from? - ANSWERS-They are
primarily derived from Actinomycetes, a class of Gram-positive
bacteria.
Who won the Nobel Prize for the discovery of streptomycin? -
ANSWERS-Selman Waksman won the Nobel Prize in 1952 for
discovering streptomycin from Streptomyces.
What are secondary metabolites? - ANSWERS-Compounds produced
by organisms, including antibiotics, that are not directly involved in
normal growth, development, or reproduction.
What is the significance of the discovery of new antibiotics? -
ANSWERS-It has virtually stopped due to the high costs and the
rapid development of bacterial resistance.
What is the role of the environment in antibiotic production? -
ANSWERS-The environment acts as a battleground for bacteria,
leading to the production of secondary metabolites for protection.
What are some examples of antibiotics derived from Streptomyces? -
ANSWERS-Penicillin, streptomycin, erythromycin, and tetracyclines.
