Blood Bank ASCP Exam Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Blood Bank ASCP Exam Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What is the primary purpose of antibody screening in pretransfusion testing? To detect unexpected clinically significant antibodies in patient serum. Which blood group system is most commonly associated with severe hemolytic transfusion reactions? ABO blood group system. What component of blood is most responsible for oxygen transport? Red blood cells. What is the role of antihuman globulin (AHG) reagent in testing? To detect antibodies or complement bound to red blood cells. What condition can result from transfusing Rh-positive blood to an Rh-negative individual? Alloimmunization to the D antigen. What is the major function of leukoreduction in blood products? To reduce febrile reactions and alloimmunization. 2 What is the main immunoglobulin class involved in immediate hemolytic transfusion reactions? IgM. What is the primary risk of transfusing incompatible ABO blood? Acute intravascular hemolysis. What is the purpose of a crossmatch before transfusion? To ensure compatibility between donor red cells and recipient serum. Which antibody type typically reacts at body temperature and causes hemolysis? Warm-reactive IgG antibodies. What is the storage temperature range for packed red blood cells? 1°C to 6°C. What is the main clinical use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP)? Replacement of coagulation factors. What is the purpose of washing red blood cells before transfusion? To remove plasma proteins and reduce allergic reactions. Which antigen is most immunogenic in the Rh blood group system? 3 D antigen. What test is used to detect in vivo coating of red cells with antibodies? Direct antiglobulin test (DAT). What test is used to detect free antibodies in patient serum? Indirect antiglobulin test (IAT). What condition results from maternal antibodies destroying fetal red blood cells? Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). What blood product is most appropriate for a patient with severe thrombocytopenia? Platelet concentrate. What is the primary cause of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions? Cytokines or antibodies to donor leukocytes. Which preservative solution extends red cell shelf life to 42 days? Additive solutions such as AS-1 or AS-3. What is the most common cause of transfusion-transmitted infection in modern practice? Bacterial contamination of platelets. 4 What is the main clinical purpose of cryoprecipitate? Replacement of fibrinogen and factor VIII. Which blood type is considered the universal donor for red blood cells? Group O negative. Which blood type is considered the universal plasma donor? Group AB. What is the purpose of Rh immune globulin (RhIG)? To prevent anti-D formation in Rh-negative individuals. Which antibodies are commonly associated with delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions? IgG alloantibodies such as anti-K or anti-Jka. What is the primary antigen targeted in the Kell blood group system? K antigen. What is the major complication of massive transfusion? Dilutional coagulopathy. 5 Which reagent is used to enhance antibody detection by reducing zeta potential? Low ionic strength solution (LISS). What is the main risk of transfusing older stored red cells? Increased potassium and decreased red cell viability. What is the primary function of complement in hemolytic reactions? To promote cell lysis. What laboratory finding suggests immune-mediated hemolysis? Positive direct antiglobulin test. Which blood group antigen is destroyed by enzyme treatment of red cells? Duffy antigens. What is the purpose of adsorption studies in immunohematology? To remove autoantibodies and reveal underlying alloantibodies. What is the most likely cause of clerical error in transfusion? Patient misidentification. Which antibody is commonly implicated in hemolytic disease of the newborn