Safety and Infection Control NCLEX Questions ||
Answered with Absolute Accuracy.
2. A client is diagnosed with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. What type
of isolation is MOST appropriate for this client?
a. Reverse isolation
b. Respiratory isolation
c. Standard precautions
d. Contact isolation correct answers Answer D. Contact or Body Substance Isolation (BSI)
involves the use of barrier protection (e.g. gloves, mask, gown, or protective eyewear as
appropriate) whenever direct contact with any body fluid is expected. When determining the type
of isolation to use, one must consider the mode of transmission. The hands of personnel
continues to be the principal mode of transmission for methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). Because the organism is limited to the sputum in this example, precautions are taken if
contact with the patient"s sputum is expected. A private room and BSI, along with good hand
washing techniques, are the best defense against the spread of MRSA pneumonia
3. Several clients are admitted to an adult medical unit. The nurse would ensure airborne
precautions for a client with which of the following medical conditions?
a. A diagnosis of AIDS and cytomegalovirus
b. A positive PPD with an abnormal chest x-ray
c. A tentative diagnosis of viral pneumonia
d. Advanced carcinoma of the lung correct answers Answer B. The client who must be placed in
airborne precautions is the client with a positive PPD (purified protein derivative) who has a
positive x-ray for a suspicious tuberculin lesion.
4. Which of the following is the FIRST priority in preventing infections when providing care for
a client?
a. Handwashing
b. Wearing gloves
c. Using a barrier between client's furniture and nurse's bag
d. Wearing gowns and goggles correct answers 4. Answer A. Handwashing remains the most
effective way to avoid spreading infection. However, too often nurses do not practice good
handwashing techniques and do not teach families to do so. Nurses need to wash their hands
before and after touching the client and before entering the nursing bag.
5. An adult woman is admitted to an isolation unit in the hospital after tuberculosis was detected
during a pre-employment physical. Although frightened about her diagnosis, she is anxious to
cooperate with the therapeutic regimen. The teaching plan includes information regarding the
most common means of transmitting the tubercle bacillus from one individual to another. Which
contamination is usually responsible?
, a. Hands.
b. Droplet nuclei.
c. Milk products.
d. Eating utensils. correct answers 5. Answer B. Hands are the primary method of transmission
of the common cold. The most frequent means of transmission of the tubercle bacillus is by
droplet nuclei. The bacillus is present in the air as a result of coughing, sneezing, and
expectoration of sputum by an infected person. The tubercle bacillus is not transmitted by means
of contaminated food. Contact with contaminated food or water could cause outbreaks of
salmonella, infectious hepatitis, typhoid, or cholera. The tubercle bacillus is not transmitted by
eating utensils. Some exogenous microbes can be transmitted via reservoirs such as linens or
eating utensils.
6. A 2 year old is to be admitted in the pediatric unit. He is diagnosed with febrile seizures. In
preparing for his admission, which of the following is the most important nursing action?
a. Order a stat admission CBC.
b. Place a urine collection bag and specimen cup at the bedside.
c. Place a cooling mattress on his bed.
d. Pad the side rails of his bed. correct answers 6. Answer D. Preparing for routine laboratory
studies is not as high a priority as preventing injury and promoting safety. Preparing for routine
laboratory studies is not as high a priority as preventing injury and promoting safety. A cooling
blanket must be ordered by the physician and is usually not used unless other methods for the
reduction of fever have not been successful. The child has a diagnosis of febrile seizures.
Precautions to prevent injury and promote safety should take precedence.
7. A young adult is being treated for second and third degree burns over 25% of his body and is
now ready for discharge. The nurse evaluates his understanding of discharge instructions relating
to wound care and is satisfied that he is prepared for home care when he makes which statement?
a. "I will need to take sponge baths at home to avoid exposing the wounds to unsterile bath
water."
b. "If any healed areas break open I should first cover them with a sterile dressing and then report
it."
c. "I must wear my Jobst elastic garment all day and can only remove it when I'm going to bed."
d. "I can expect occasional periods of low-grade fever and can take Tylenol every 4 hours."
correct answers 7. Answer B. Bathing or showering in the usual manner is permitted, using a
mild detergent soap such as Ivory Snow. This cleanses the wounds, especially those that are still
open, and removes dead tissue. The client is taught to report changes in wound healing such as
blister formation, signs of infection, and opening of a previously healed area. Sterile dressings
are applied until the wound is assessed and a plan of care developed. The Jobs garment is
designed to place constant pressure on the new healthy tissue that is forming to promote
adherence to the underlying structure in order to prevent hypertrophic scarring. In order to be
effective, the garment must be worn for 23 hours daily. It is removed for wound assessment and
wound care and to permit bathing. The client must be aware that infection of the wound may
occur; signs of infection, including fever, redness, pain, warmth in and around the wound and
increased or foul smelling drainage must be reported immediately.
Answered with Absolute Accuracy.
2. A client is diagnosed with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. What type
of isolation is MOST appropriate for this client?
a. Reverse isolation
b. Respiratory isolation
c. Standard precautions
d. Contact isolation correct answers Answer D. Contact or Body Substance Isolation (BSI)
involves the use of barrier protection (e.g. gloves, mask, gown, or protective eyewear as
appropriate) whenever direct contact with any body fluid is expected. When determining the type
of isolation to use, one must consider the mode of transmission. The hands of personnel
continues to be the principal mode of transmission for methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). Because the organism is limited to the sputum in this example, precautions are taken if
contact with the patient"s sputum is expected. A private room and BSI, along with good hand
washing techniques, are the best defense against the spread of MRSA pneumonia
3. Several clients are admitted to an adult medical unit. The nurse would ensure airborne
precautions for a client with which of the following medical conditions?
a. A diagnosis of AIDS and cytomegalovirus
b. A positive PPD with an abnormal chest x-ray
c. A tentative diagnosis of viral pneumonia
d. Advanced carcinoma of the lung correct answers Answer B. The client who must be placed in
airborne precautions is the client with a positive PPD (purified protein derivative) who has a
positive x-ray for a suspicious tuberculin lesion.
4. Which of the following is the FIRST priority in preventing infections when providing care for
a client?
a. Handwashing
b. Wearing gloves
c. Using a barrier between client's furniture and nurse's bag
d. Wearing gowns and goggles correct answers 4. Answer A. Handwashing remains the most
effective way to avoid spreading infection. However, too often nurses do not practice good
handwashing techniques and do not teach families to do so. Nurses need to wash their hands
before and after touching the client and before entering the nursing bag.
5. An adult woman is admitted to an isolation unit in the hospital after tuberculosis was detected
during a pre-employment physical. Although frightened about her diagnosis, she is anxious to
cooperate with the therapeutic regimen. The teaching plan includes information regarding the
most common means of transmitting the tubercle bacillus from one individual to another. Which
contamination is usually responsible?
, a. Hands.
b. Droplet nuclei.
c. Milk products.
d. Eating utensils. correct answers 5. Answer B. Hands are the primary method of transmission
of the common cold. The most frequent means of transmission of the tubercle bacillus is by
droplet nuclei. The bacillus is present in the air as a result of coughing, sneezing, and
expectoration of sputum by an infected person. The tubercle bacillus is not transmitted by means
of contaminated food. Contact with contaminated food or water could cause outbreaks of
salmonella, infectious hepatitis, typhoid, or cholera. The tubercle bacillus is not transmitted by
eating utensils. Some exogenous microbes can be transmitted via reservoirs such as linens or
eating utensils.
6. A 2 year old is to be admitted in the pediatric unit. He is diagnosed with febrile seizures. In
preparing for his admission, which of the following is the most important nursing action?
a. Order a stat admission CBC.
b. Place a urine collection bag and specimen cup at the bedside.
c. Place a cooling mattress on his bed.
d. Pad the side rails of his bed. correct answers 6. Answer D. Preparing for routine laboratory
studies is not as high a priority as preventing injury and promoting safety. Preparing for routine
laboratory studies is not as high a priority as preventing injury and promoting safety. A cooling
blanket must be ordered by the physician and is usually not used unless other methods for the
reduction of fever have not been successful. The child has a diagnosis of febrile seizures.
Precautions to prevent injury and promote safety should take precedence.
7. A young adult is being treated for second and third degree burns over 25% of his body and is
now ready for discharge. The nurse evaluates his understanding of discharge instructions relating
to wound care and is satisfied that he is prepared for home care when he makes which statement?
a. "I will need to take sponge baths at home to avoid exposing the wounds to unsterile bath
water."
b. "If any healed areas break open I should first cover them with a sterile dressing and then report
it."
c. "I must wear my Jobst elastic garment all day and can only remove it when I'm going to bed."
d. "I can expect occasional periods of low-grade fever and can take Tylenol every 4 hours."
correct answers 7. Answer B. Bathing or showering in the usual manner is permitted, using a
mild detergent soap such as Ivory Snow. This cleanses the wounds, especially those that are still
open, and removes dead tissue. The client is taught to report changes in wound healing such as
blister formation, signs of infection, and opening of a previously healed area. Sterile dressings
are applied until the wound is assessed and a plan of care developed. The Jobs garment is
designed to place constant pressure on the new healthy tissue that is forming to promote
adherence to the underlying structure in order to prevent hypertrophic scarring. In order to be
effective, the garment must be worn for 23 hours daily. It is removed for wound assessment and
wound care and to permit bathing. The client must be aware that infection of the wound may
occur; signs of infection, including fever, redness, pain, warmth in and around the wound and
increased or foul smelling drainage must be reported immediately.
