PUBH 302 EXAM 3 GALLOWAY (11-16) STUDY GUIDE
2026
Infectious disease - Answers -disease caused by different classes of pathogenic
organisms
Commonly called germs
Virus or bacteria
Noninfectious disease - Answers -any disease not caused by a pathogen
-asthma, CVD, obesity
Communicable disease - Answers -infectious disease that may be passed from
individuals to individual
Easily spread from one species to another
All communicable disease are infectious BUT not all infectious are communicable
Contagious disease - Answers -very communicable disease, infectious disease that
very readily spread from person to person
Direct routes: skin to skin - Answers -contact of skin between two or more individuals
Herpes type 1
Direct routes: mucous to mucous - Answers -urignetial tract, sexual contact
STI
Direct routes: breast milk - Answers -mother to babies and pass it through breast milk
HIV
Direct routes: across placenta - Answers -mothers to babies during pregnancy
HIV, rubella
Direct routes: sneeze/cough - Answers -person to person, aerosolized
Influenza, TB
Indirect routes: food borne - Answers -unprepared food, left out food, bacteria in food
Salmonella
Indirect routes:water borne - Answers -virus/ bacteria in water
Cholera
Indirect routes:vector borne - Answers -asympotamotic carriers of pathogens/
mosquitos, ticks
Malaria
, Indirect routes: airborne/ aerosolized - Answers -person to object, person spreads to
objects, then another touches object
Chickenpox, colds
Epitriad: host - Answers -person or living organism that can be infected (acts as a
reservoir)
-age
-sex
-genotype
-behavior
-nutrion status
-health status
Epitriad: agent - Answers -presence, excessive or relative absence essential to
occurrence of disease
-infectivity (ability to infect)
-pathogencity (ability to cause disease)
-virulence (ability to case death)
-immungency (trigger immune system)
-antigenic stability (condition of infected)
Epitriad: environment - Answers -physical, biological, social, economic
-weather
-housing
-occupancy setting
-air quality
-food
-geography
Conditions that increase risk of infections - Answers -altered environments
Changes in food production and handling'
Climate changes
Deforestation
Ownership of exotic pets
Global air travel and exotic journeys
Increased use of immunosuppressives/ antibiotics
Natural disasters
Preventing infection at the personal/individual level - Answers -keeping hands clean
Gloves, mask, gowns, eye protection
Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth
Get immunized
Take care of immune system(sleep well, healthy diet)
Protect yourself from others
2026
Infectious disease - Answers -disease caused by different classes of pathogenic
organisms
Commonly called germs
Virus or bacteria
Noninfectious disease - Answers -any disease not caused by a pathogen
-asthma, CVD, obesity
Communicable disease - Answers -infectious disease that may be passed from
individuals to individual
Easily spread from one species to another
All communicable disease are infectious BUT not all infectious are communicable
Contagious disease - Answers -very communicable disease, infectious disease that
very readily spread from person to person
Direct routes: skin to skin - Answers -contact of skin between two or more individuals
Herpes type 1
Direct routes: mucous to mucous - Answers -urignetial tract, sexual contact
STI
Direct routes: breast milk - Answers -mother to babies and pass it through breast milk
HIV
Direct routes: across placenta - Answers -mothers to babies during pregnancy
HIV, rubella
Direct routes: sneeze/cough - Answers -person to person, aerosolized
Influenza, TB
Indirect routes: food borne - Answers -unprepared food, left out food, bacteria in food
Salmonella
Indirect routes:water borne - Answers -virus/ bacteria in water
Cholera
Indirect routes:vector borne - Answers -asympotamotic carriers of pathogens/
mosquitos, ticks
Malaria
, Indirect routes: airborne/ aerosolized - Answers -person to object, person spreads to
objects, then another touches object
Chickenpox, colds
Epitriad: host - Answers -person or living organism that can be infected (acts as a
reservoir)
-age
-sex
-genotype
-behavior
-nutrion status
-health status
Epitriad: agent - Answers -presence, excessive or relative absence essential to
occurrence of disease
-infectivity (ability to infect)
-pathogencity (ability to cause disease)
-virulence (ability to case death)
-immungency (trigger immune system)
-antigenic stability (condition of infected)
Epitriad: environment - Answers -physical, biological, social, economic
-weather
-housing
-occupancy setting
-air quality
-food
-geography
Conditions that increase risk of infections - Answers -altered environments
Changes in food production and handling'
Climate changes
Deforestation
Ownership of exotic pets
Global air travel and exotic journeys
Increased use of immunosuppressives/ antibiotics
Natural disasters
Preventing infection at the personal/individual level - Answers -keeping hands clean
Gloves, mask, gowns, eye protection
Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth
Get immunized
Take care of immune system(sleep well, healthy diet)
Protect yourself from others
