NSG550/ NSG 550 EXAM 1 (NEW 2025/ 2026 Update) Diagnostic Reasoning for NP - Wilkes

Exam 1: NSG550 / NSG 550 (NEW 2025/2026 Update) Diagnostic Reasoning for NP Guide 2026 Study Guide – 200+ Questions & Answers 1. Which urine test is best for detecting protein and nitrates? a. Random urine b. Timed urine c. First morning urine d. Double-voided urine 2. What is the correct method for a first morning urine collection? a. Collect urine after breakfast b. Collect urine twice in the morning c. Void before bed, then collect first void upon waking d. Discard the first morning void 3. What is the main advantage of a random urine test? a. Highest solute concentration b. Best for culture c. Measures renal clearance d. Convenience 4. How is a timed urine test collected? a. Collect all urine for 24 hours b. Discard first void, then collect urine for the set time period c. Collect only midstream urine d. Collect first void only 5. When is urine urobilinogen best tested? a. 6–8 AM b. 10–12 PM c. 2–4 PM d. After midnight 6. What is the benefit of a double-voided urine specimen? a. Measures creatinine clearance b. Prevents contamination c. Provides fresh urine d. Measures glucose levels 7. Which step is essential for a urine culture and sensitivity? a. Use a clean container b. Collect first void c. Clean meatus and collect midstream in sterile container d. Collect urine from catheter tubing 8. Which instruction is correct for a 24-hour urine collection? a. Save the first morning urine b. Discard first urine, then collect all urine for 24 hours c. Do not refrigerate specimen d. End collection before morning void 9. Which imaging study uses real-time X-ray imaging? a. CT b. MRI c. Fluoroscopy d. Ultrasound 10. Which study produces cross-sectional 3D images using X-rays? a. MRI b. Fluoroscopy c. CT scan (tomography) d. PET scan 11. Which condition is a contraindication for iodinated contrast? a. Controlled hypertension b. Asthma c. Renal disease d. Iron-deficiency anemia 12. What medication strategy is used for patients allergic to iodine contrast? a. Acetaminophen premedication b. Antibiotics c. Benadryl and prednisone d. Insulin 13. Why are oral antihyperglycemics held 48 hours before and after contrast? a. Risk of hypoglycemia b. Risk of lactic acidosis c. Increased blood pressure d. Contrast dilution 14. Digital subtraction angiography is categorized as which modality? a. Ultrasound b. MRI c. Nuclear medicine d. X-ray 15. What is digital subtraction angiography primarily used for? a. Lung imaging b. GI studies c. Vascular or tumor surgery evaluation d. Bone density 16. Which is a contraindication for barium contrast studies? a. GERD b. Iron-deficiency anemia c. Suspected bowel perforation d. Chronic constipation 17. What nursing action is required after a barium study? a. Fluid restriction b. Bed rest c. Encourage fluids and laxatives d. NPO for 24 hours 18. Which priority framework addresses airway, breathing, and circulation? a. Maslow b. Nursing process c. ABCs d. QSEN 19. According to Maslow, which need is the highest priority? a. Self-esteem b. Safety c. Love and belonging d. Physiological 20. Which task can an RN delegate to a UAP? a. Initial assessment b. Patient education c. Obtaining vital signs on stable patient d. Medication administration 21. Which task should NOT be delegated to an LPN? a. Wound dressing b. Foley catheter insertion c. Initial patient assessment d. Medication administration (non-IV) 22. What is the RN’s responsibility after delegating a task? a. Transfer accountability b. Avoid supervision c. Evaluate patient outcomes d. Document delegation only 23. Which principle guides ethical nursing practice? a. Fidelity b. Autonomy c. Justice d. All of the above 24. Which ethical principle supports a patient’s right to refuse treatment? a. Beneficence b. Nonmaleficence c. Autonomy d. Fidelity 25. HIPAA primarily protects which patient right? a. Informed consent b. Confidentiality of health information c. Right to treatment d. Right to refuse care .................